共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
为加强普氏原羚的野外种群及其栖息地保护、恢复和发展，青海湖景区保护利用管理局同青海省湖东种羊场签订保护项目协议，以建立社区共管制度，建造普氏原羚试验通道，完善管理、科研和监测体系，恢复和发展普氏原羚种群。这一项目计划投资70万元，建设期限自2008年10月至2010年10月。 相似文献
2.
普氏原羚（Procapra przewalskii）是我国特有的珍稀动物，属国家一级保护动物，具有野性强，听觉、视觉发达，奔跑速度快，耐干旱的特性。青海省是普氏原羚的惟一分布地。冬末春初为普氏原羚的发情交配季节，每胎1—2仔，主要生活于海拔3200—3500m以上地区。普氏原羚的临床资料极少见。2004年1月10日，对青海湖鸟岛鸟类保护中心饲养的1只患表皮囊肿的普氏原羚进行了手术治疗，术后效果良好，现报道如下。 相似文献
3.
王光明 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2011,41(4):33-34
普氏原羚作为世界上最濒危物种,针对普氏原羚的社会生存环境状况,笔者对天峻县普氏原羚分布区内的生存环境、种群现状和致危因素等进行了详细的调查,并提出了今后的一些保护建议。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
1调查背景普氏原羚(Procapra przewalskiii),又名中华对角羚,俗名滩原羚、黄羊、滩黄羊等,属偶蹄目,牛科,羚羊亚科,原羚属。普氏原羚为青藏高原特有的野生动物,也是世界上最濒危的一种有蹄类动物,现仅在青海省青海湖四周有少量分布,据青海省林业局2008年的调查,目前仅存600只(头)左右,是湖滨沙化草原地带的代表种。目前,普氏原羚栖息地生 相似文献
7.
为明确微量元素在土－草－普氏原羚生态系统中的分布特性,探讨微量元素含量对普氏原羚生长繁殖的影响,对青海湖东区普氏原羚生境的土壤、牧草以及普氏原羚血样和毛样中６种微量元素硒（Ｓｅ）、铜（Ｃｕ）、锰（Ｍｎ）、铁（Ｆｅ）、锌（Ｚｎ）、钼（Ｍｏ）含量进行了测定分析。结果表明,土壤中夏季Ｓｅ和Ｍｏ严重缺乏,秋冬季Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ和Ｚｎ严重缺乏,而Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ含量盈富;３个季节牧草中的Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｅ均缺乏,Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ 在正常范围。土壤和牧草中Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ和Ｓｅ含量在夏季存在显著相关性,在秋季Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ含量显著相关,而冬季只有土壤和牧草中的Ｍｏ具有一定的相关性。冬季,普氏原羚毛样中Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ的含量高于血清,Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｅ含量则略低于血清;除１只雌性普氏原羚血清中Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ含量偏低,分别为４．９６和４．６３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ 外,其余４只普氏原羚血清Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ含量均在９．５０和７．８１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ 左右。 相似文献
8.
9.
普氏原羚自然栖息地草地矿物质营养的评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
矿物质元素是动物生长发育和生命活动必需的营养。为了更好地开展普氏原羚的保护工作,对普氏原羚主要栖息地的青海湖布哈河上游地区高寒草甸的矿物质营养分布特点进行了系统的分析。应用显微分析法分析动物食性,采取电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法分析矿物质含量。结果发现,牧草萌发期的混合牧草硒和铜元素含量极显著高于牧草快速生长期(Cu,F2,27=3.27, P=0.008; Se,F2,27=3.27, P=0.009),但牧草枯黄期与萌发期间无显著差异。不同牧草品种体内的矿物质元素含量也存在明显的差异,唐古特铁线莲、沙蒿、芨芨草是主要的高硒植物,其中芨芨草硒含量最高。芨芨草是普氏原羚的基本食物,占总食物的13.68%,但不是普氏原羚的喜食植物(选择性指数为-0.886)。碱蒿、冷蒿、紫花针茅是主要的高铜植物,其中紫花针茅的铜含量最高,是普氏原羚的主要食物,占总食物的9.40%,但不是普氏原羚的喜食植物(选择性指数为0.037)。因此,对放牧动物来说,普氏原羚栖息地存在严重的矿物质营养不平衡问题,属于严重硒缺乏区,季节性铜硒缺乏区,普氏原羚基本食物是高硒植物芨芨草,增加了其食物的平均硒含量,普氏原羚的主要食物是含铜量最高的紫花针茅,增加了其食物的平均铜含量。增加牧场高硒和高铜植物的比例,提高土壤牧草的硒和铜元素的含量和扩大普氏原羚的采食范围都是保护普氏原羚的主要措施。 相似文献
10.
11.
为了更好地保护极度濒危的普氏原羚物种,选择非损伤性样品——粪便作为研究材料,应用10对非洲糜羚微卫星引物和10对绵羊微卫星引物对普氏原羚的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,结果发现,有8对引物在普氏原羚基因组DNA中扩增出了多态性位点。各位点基因杂合度介于0.71~0.84,平均杂合度为0.78,有效等位基因数介于 3.40~6.59,平均有效等位基因为5.98,同时利用这8对多态性引物对39个粪便样品的个体进行识别,结果发现这39个粪便样品来自35个不同的个体。 相似文献
12.
我们于2007年和2008年的4～7月,对青海湖4种主要繁殖鸟类：斑头雁、棕头鸥、普通鸬鹚、渔鸥的巢区进行了调查,发现4种鸟类的巢区主要分布在岛屿或半岛上。共发现10个巢区,分布在蛋岛、鸬鹚岛、海心山、三块石和布哈河三角洲5个地点。巢区平均面积为44.8±44.2 hm^2,巢的平均数量为1 002±715个。4种鸟类中以斑头雁的巢最为密集。巢区与周围环境的隔离和受保护程度是影响巢区分布的最主要因素。巢区地表结构主要为沙土和砾石,几乎无植被覆盖。繁殖生境丧失和食物资源短缺可能是影响4种繁殖鸟类生存的最主要的因素,禽流感疫病的发生对这些繁殖鸟类构成了新的威胁。在以后的监测和保护工作中要加强生态环境的治理,注意合理开发利用青海湖的自然资源,并加强禽流感的病源监测和鸟类保护的宣传工作。 相似文献
13.
14.
红碱淖湿地遗鸥及水鸟的种群和分布研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
红碱淖湿地位于中国候鸟迁徙的主要路线上,水鸟分布较为集中,是遗鸥、大天鹅等珍稀水鸟的重要迁徙停歇地和繁殖地。通过对红碱淖湿地遗鸥及水鸟的种群和分布进行了8 a的实地调查和研究,统计分析了红碱淖2001～2007年的遗鸥和水鸟的种群数量动态变化。研究结果表明2007年红碱淖湿地的遗鸥繁殖巢数达5 036巢,种群数量10 072只,已成为全球最大遗鸥种群,在此基础上,还总结了红碱淖湿地7目14科55种水鸟的分布和保护价值,为水鸟的保护和管理提供了依据,对红碱淖湿地遗鸥及水鸟的保护具有重要意义。 相似文献
15.
The occurrence of salmonellae was investigated in 1011 cloacal smears of 21 species of wild birds caught at the locality of Hermanicky rybník near Ostrava. Salmonella typhimurium serotype was isolated from one of the 23 laughing gulls (Larus ridibundus) which were examined; this corresponds to a 4.3% invasion frequency. The result of the examination of all other birds was negative. On the basis of the results of this study and the results published by other authors, laughing gull can be considered as a possible source of salmonellae for farm animal stocks, particularly water fowl. It is recommended that laughing gull should be taken into consideration when seeking, for diagnostic purposes, the sources of salmonellae from which water fowl are invaded. 相似文献
16.
S Petermann G Glünder U Heffels-Redmann K H Hinz 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1989,96(5):271-277
Between 1982 and 1985 the cadavers of 50 Guillemots (Uria aalge), 41 Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), 26 Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) and 34 Black-headed Gulls (Larus ridibundus) were examined pathological, bacteriological and virological. The probable cause of death was established. Parasitosis were particularly prevalent in Herring Gulls (49%), where the main infection--as in Black-headed Gulls--was with Cestoides. In Kittiwakes and Guillemots mainly Spiruroideae were recorded. The commonest bacterium isolated in organs and intestinal tract was Escherichia coli, followed by Aeromonas hydrophila and Clostridium perfringens. Salmonella were found in the organs of 5% and in the intestinal tract of 3% of the birds. The species of Salmonella most frequently isolated was Salmonella typhimurium varieties copenhagen. Also recorded were Yersinia intermedia Serovar 0:17 (1x), Pseudomonas spp. (2x), bacteria of the Haemophilus-Pasteurella-Actinobacillus group (1x), Pasteurella multocida (2x), Moraxella septicaemiae (1x), Campylobacter spec. (1x), Mycoplasma spec. (6x), DNase positive Staphylococcus spec. (4x) and Streptococcus spec. (6x). Less in evidence among the birds examined were fungus diseases with Aspergillus spec. (4x) and Blastomyces spec. (4x). As for viruses one Guillemot was found to have an Adenovirus and another one to have a Paramyxovirus. From one of the Herring Gulls there also was isolated a Paramyxovirus, from a second one to a Reovirus. Three other species isolated have get to be identified. The chief cause of sickness and death in the Guillemots was oil-contamination. The majority of the examined Kittiwakes and Herring Gulls were victims of pathogenic agents. Many of the Black-headed Gulls died through traumata as gunshots or road traffic etc. In order to establish the causes of sickness and death in seabirds and to ascertain the importance of the various species as possible carriers of infectious diseases, a systematic series of investigation will be necessary. Without this it will not be possible to assess their epidemiological relevance for other wild birds, domestic poultry and humans. 相似文献
17.
Murata K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(9):785-790
The prevalence of blood parasites was investigated in 701 Japanese wild birds for 13 years from January, 1988 to March, 2001. Most of the injured or sick birds were caught in the suburbs of Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture and brought to the zoo for clinical care. Among all the birds examined, 10.6% were infected with hematozoa belonging to three genera as Plasmodium (1.7% of the samples), Haemoproteus (5.1% of the samples) and Leucocytozoon (4.6% of the samples), and two birds (0.29% of the samples), a Japanese grosbeak (Coccothraustes personatus) and a dusky thrush (Turdus naumanni), were infected with microfilariae. Mixed infection with Leucocytozoon sp. and Haemoproteus sp. was observed in 6 individuals of 4 species and that with Leucocytozoon sp. and microfilariae was observed in 2 individuals of 2 species of bird. Relatively high positive rates were 75%(3/4) in the scops owl (Otus scops), 71.4% (10/14) in the ural owl (Strix uralensis), 57.7% (15/26) in the jungle crow (Corvus macrorhynchos), 57.1% (4/7) in the black-tailed gull (Larus crassirostris), 55.6% (5/9) in the brown hawk owl (Ninox scutulata), 41% (16/39) in the carrion crow (Corvus corone) and 24.1% (7/29) in the night heron (Nycticorax nicticorax). 相似文献
18.
The emergence and spread of antimicrobial‐resistant (AMR) bacteria in natural environments is a major concern with serious implications for human and animal health. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of AMR Escherichia coli (E. coli) in wild birds and mammalian species. Thirty faecal samples were collected from each of the following wildlife species: herring gulls (Larus argentatus), black‐headed gulls (Larus ridibundus), lesser black‐back gulls (Larus fuscus), hybrid deer species (Cervus elaphus x Cervus nippon) and twenty‐six from starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). A total of 115 E. coli isolates were isolated from 81 of 146 samples. Confirmed E. coli isolates were tested for their susceptibility to seven antimicrobial agents by disc diffusion. In total, 5.4% (8/146) of samples exhibited multidrug‐resistant phenotypes. The phylogenetic group and AMR‐encoding genes of all multidrug resistance isolates were determined by PCR. Tetracycline‐, ampicillin‐ and streptomycin‐resistant isolates were the most common resistant phenotypes. The following genes were identified in E. coli: blaTEM, strA, tet(A) and tet(B). Plasmids were identified in all samples that exhibited multidrug‐resistant phenotypes. This study indicates that wild birds and mammals may function as important host reservoirs and potential vectors for the spread of resistant bacteria and genetic determinants of AMR. 相似文献