共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
番石榴实蝇3龄幼虫辐照处理试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
番石榴实蝇(Bactrocera correcta(Bezzi))起源于南亚,是一种为害热带、亚热带水果和蔬菜的重要害虫,极易随寄主果实人为传播。为了寻求一种对该虫高效、安全的除害处理技术,本文应用钴60(60Co)对感染番石榴实蝇的番石榴果实进行辐照处理。结果表明:阻止番石榴实蝇达到机率值9的致死剂量LD99.9968为125.54(101.23～167.52)Gy,采用113Gy处理69 118头番石榴实蝇3龄幼虫,没有成虫羽化。该剂量可以作为检疫除害处理的参考指标。 相似文献
2.
以不同材质和厚度的塑料薄膜为材料,研究果实套袋对橘小实蝇、番石榴实蝇的防虫效果,以及对番石榴品质的影响。室内套袋试验结果表明,当PO、PE厚度≥20μm、PP厚度≥15μm时,橘小实蝇、番石榴实蝇雌虫产卵管不能穿透塑料薄膜而产卵在果实上;田间套袋试验结果表明,PO(20μm)和PE(20μm)套袋的果实均未检测到实蝇。套袋果实外观较未套袋果实好,30μm PP套袋的番石榴果实品质与未套袋果实无显著差异,PO(20μm)、PO(25μm)、PE(20μm)和PE(30μm)套袋的番石榴果实中可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、糖含量等较对照低。 相似文献
3.
芒果实蝇是重要的检疫性有害生物,对芒果等寄主植物造成严重危害。本文报道了γ-射线对芒果实蝇的辐照效果。10、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、100、110、120、130、140和150Gyγ-射线辐照处理试验结果表明,≥70Gy剂量辐照处理下芒果实蝇成虫不能羽化。通过机率值分析,获得芒果实蝇辐照处理的LD99.9968为107.10 Gy(97.09,123.08)。在0～60Gyγ-射线辐照处理下,芒果实蝇老熟幼虫虽然不能100%死亡,但其羽化百分率、成虫寿命、产卵量和卵孵化率均随辐照处理剂量增大而降低。 相似文献
4.
番石榴果实蝇Bactrocera correcta(Bezzi)严重为害番石榴、莲雾、芒果等果蔬植物,我国将果实蝇属Bactrocera (非中国种)列为进境植物检疫性有害生物。2021年10月至2022年6月,在海南省三亚市崖州湾科技城内连续9个月诱捕到疑似番石榴果实蝇成虫。本研究通过形态特征、DNA条形码和常规PCR等方法,对诱捕到的疑似样品进行了鉴定。鉴定结果表明,诱捕到的实蝇样品为番石榴果实蝇,相关植物检疫机构需进一步加强海南地区番石榴果实蝇的检疫、监测及防控。 相似文献
5.
6.
为明确橘小实蝇寄主偏好性机理,2018年于广西番石榴主产区测定橘小实蝇对14种不同寄主果实的产卵选择性、对嗜好寄主不同生育期果实的产卵选择性及嗜好寄主不同生育期的果实硬度、可溶性糖含量和可溶性蛋白含量,并对果实硬度、可溶性糖含量和可溶性蛋白含量与橘小实蝇产卵率的相关性进行分析。结果表明,广西番石榴主产区不同月份均有多种不同种类的橘小实蝇潜在寄主果实成熟,但橘小实蝇偏好在台湾珍珠番石榴和西瓜红番石榴上产卵,产卵率分别为43.98%和39.43%,且对两者产卵无显著偏好性;橘小实蝇偏好在这2个番石榴品种的成熟期果实上产卵,产卵率分别为48.01%和44.84%,膨大期次之,产卵率分别为40.75%和41.75%。台湾珍珠番石榴成熟期果实硬度和可溶性蛋白含量均最低,分别为3.18 kg/cm2和0.10 mg/g,均显著低于其他2个生育期;台湾珍珠番石榴成熟期果实可溶性糖含量为32.72%,显著高于其他2个生育期。西瓜红番石榴3个生育期果实硬度、可溶性蛋白含量和可溶性糖含量的变化规律与台湾珍珠番石榴一致。橘小实蝇在台湾珍珠番石榴和西瓜红番石榴果实上的产卵率与果实硬度和可溶性蛋白含量呈负相关,... 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
为了解果实挥发物在蝇蛹金小蜂寻找寄主过程中的作用,本文采用"Y"形嗅觉仪测试了健康果实及虫害诱导果实挥发物对蝇蛹金小蜂的引诱趋性。测定结果表明,虫伤1d的番石榴和阳桃果实挥发物对蝇蛹金小蜂雌蜂具有显著的引诱作用。进而选取了虫伤1d的番石榴和阳桃果实,利用固相微萃取法对其挥发物进行了收集,并用GC-MS对收集到的挥发物进行了初步鉴定。鉴定结果表明,虫伤1d的番石榴果实挥发物中共检测到8种化合物,多是萜烯类化合物,其中反式-石竹烯的相对含量最高,其次是二十二烷醇;虫伤1d的阳桃果实挥发物成分中共鉴定出16种物质,主要为烷烃类、萜烯类、酯类及酮类,其中α-紫罗兰酮含量最高,其次为11-硬酯炔酸甲酯。 相似文献
11.
12.
M. Z. Alam 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4):380-383
Abstract The location and climate of Bangladesh are described, together with the crops grown and organisations related to agriculture. The entomological problems of the main crops; rice, jute, sugarcane, and fruit crops such as mango, citrus, litchi, jack fruit, guava, banana, coconut and plum are presented. Some serious pests; aphids, epilachna beetles, ants, fruit flies, termites, cutworm and mealybugs are reviewed. 相似文献
13.
Cazorla FM Torés JA Olalla L Pérez-García A Farré JM de Vicente A 《Phytopathology》1998,88(7):614-620
ABSTRACT A necrotic bacterial disease of mango trees (Mangifera indica) in Spain affecting buds, leaves, and stems is described for the first time. Necrosis of flower and vegetative buds on commercial trees during winter dormancy was the most destructive symptom of the disease. The apical necrosis is caused by Pseudomonas syringae, which was always isolated from mango trees with disease symptoms. Of 95 bacterial strains isolated from symptomatic tissues and characterized from 1992 to 1997, over 90% were identified as P. syringae pv. syringae. Additional strains were isolated from healthy mango trees, and they were identical to the isolates from diseased tissues. Pathogenicity tests on mango plants showed that P. syringae pv. syringae incited the apical necrosis, but that climatic conditions determined the onset of disease development. Populations of total bacteria and of P. syringae and the number of active ice nuclei were monitored over a 3-year period. The largest populations of P. syringae were associated with cool, wet periods that coincided with the highest disease severity, whereas P. syringae was only occasionally detected on healthy trees. The median effective dose was estimated from infectivity titration assays. 相似文献
14.
以豌豆为试材,采用6种不同微波处理(100W10s,200W10s,300W10s,100W30s,200W30s,300W30s),以未经微波处理者为对照,研究微波处理对种子发芽率和芽长,芽苗中过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、可溶性蛋白质、还原糖和总黄酮含量的影响。结果表明:微波100W10s处理下豌豆的发芽率(Germination Rate,GR)比对照高10.0%,但微波300W30s处理比对照低19.67%。培养7d,微波300W30s处理下的最终发芽率最低(Final Germination Rate,FGR),比对照低21.67%。微波200W10s处理的豌豆芽长比对照高12.31%。发芽3 d时,微波300W30s处理的芽苗中的蛋白质含量和CAT活性均最高,分别为15.47 mg·100mg~(-1)和1.23 mg H_2O_2·g~(-1)FW·min-1。微波200W30s处理,芽苗中总黄酮含量最高,达1.48 mg·100mg~(-1),而300W10s处理的含量最低,为0.96 mg·100mg~(-1)。微波处理300W10s时还原糖含量最高,达10.11 mg·100mg~(-1)。微波处理对豌豆的萌发和芽长有一定影响,对芽苗中CAT的活性及可溶性蛋白质、还原糖和总黄酮含量的影响显著。 相似文献
15.
Vânia M. Freitas Joelma G. P. Silva Cesar B. Gomes José M. C. Castro Valdir R. Correa Regina M. D. G. Carneiro 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,148(2):307-319
Meloidogyne enterolobii (syn. M. mayaguensis) has been reported to cause severe damage in commercial guava orchards and other plants in Central and South American countries. Considering the risk of introduction and dissemination of this pest in the European region, M. enterolobii was placed on the EPPO A2 list in 2010. The use of non-host fruit species is a recommended strategy to manage root-knot nematodes in infested guava orchards. This study screened 89 plant genotypes from 25 fruit plants of economic importance, plus two susceptible controls (guava and tomato) for its host status to M. enterolobii. Three to eight months after inoculation, nematode reproduction factor (RF) was used to characterize host suitability of fruit crops to this nematode. Ten banana genotypes, six Barbados cherries, one fig, two grape rootstocks and six melons were rated as good hosts for this nematode. Sixteen fruit plants behaved either as non-hosts or poor hosts to M. enterolobii, including assaí, atemoya, avocado, cashew nut, citrus, coconut, grape, jabuticaba, mango, mulberry, papaya, passion fruit, sapodilla, soursop, starfruit and strawberry. For the future, field experiments in areas infested by this nematode are essential to confirm the greenhouse results. These non-host fruit species can replace in the future eradicated guava trees in fields severely infested by this nematode and become an economic option for growers where M. enterolobii is considered a serious problem. 相似文献
16.
本文通过伽马射线辐照拟长毛钝绥螨的雄成螨,探讨辐照的雄成螨与雌成螨交配后,对雌成螨产卵量和后代性比的影响。在高辐照剂量10、20、40、80、160、320、640、1280 Gy和剂量率3 Gy.min-1的伽马射线辐照下,雌螨的产卵量随辐照剂量的增加而逐渐减少。40 Gy及以上的辐照剂量雌螨产卵量与对照相比均有显著差异;后代雌性比也随辐照剂量的增加而降低,到160 Gy辐照剂量时雌性比为0。在低辐照剂量40、160、640、2560和10240 mGy以及剂量率40 mGy.min-1的伽马射线辐照下,雌螨的产卵量随辐照剂量的增加呈现出先升后降的趋势,在160 mGy辐照剂量下达到了最高。160 mGy时后代雌性比也最高,达到72.52%,与40、640、2560mGy处理间没有显著差异,但都显著地高于对照（65.23%）和10240 mGy辐照处理（56.14%）的雌性比。 相似文献
17.
通过浸果处理,研究了10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂对采后芒果的防腐保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:经有效成分质量浓度为200和300 mg/L的苯醚甲环唑处理后,经常温(25℃)和低温(13℃)贮藏的芒果均表现出发病率降低、好果率增加、转黄时间被推迟及果实失重率下降的现象;处理组芒果硬度、可溶性固形物、总糖、可滴定酸及VC的含量均明显高于对照,表明使用10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂进行芒果保鲜处理,除可明显延长芒果贮藏时间并提高贮藏保鲜效果外,还能较好地保持果实的风味和营养品质。其中,200 mg/L浓度处理的芒果防腐保鲜效果显著好于300 mg/L的处理。 相似文献