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棉花曲叶病毒研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
棉花曲叶病毒(Cotton leaf curl virus,CLCuV)是我国的进境检疫性有害生物,严重危害棉花生长,在巴基斯坦和印度的棉花产区已造成毁灭性灾害。该病毒主要由烟粉虱传播,寄主范围广泛。2006年在广东首次发现棉花曲叶病毒(CLCuV)入侵我国危害朱槿,2010年有报道证实CLCuV已侵染广西南宁试验田的棉花。我国是棉花生产大国,该病毒一旦扩散传播到棉花主产区,后果将不堪设想。本文对CLCuV的变异、国内外分布和流行趋势、影响棉花曲叶病流行的因素、病毒对棉花的品质和产量的影响及病害治理等方面进行综述,并探讨了棉花曲叶病毒研究存在的问题及有效防止该病毒传播和扩散的措施。 相似文献
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1发生概况棉花曲叶病毒病是一种严重为害棉花生产的病害,在棉田扩散十分迅速。最早在尼日利亚发现,1967年在主要棉区巴基斯坦旁遮普省(PunjabProvince)的棉田首次发现了棉花曲叶病毒病,但未引起过多的关注,也未造成严重损失,1985年首次报道,直到1986年还只是一个地方性、偶发性 相似文献
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江苏朱槿上分离到的木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒基因组结构特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2012年5月,江苏南京朱槿上出现一种新的病毒病害,病株表现明显的叶片上卷、叶脉肿大、叶背伴有耳突、植株矮缩等症状。根据其症状及介体发生状况,对其伴随的病毒种类进行研究,结果发现采集的46份典型症状样品体内均可以检测到粉虱传双生病毒,对其基因组DNA-A组分克隆测序后发现其全长2 736 bp,编码6个ORF,BLAST分析显示该病毒与木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒同源性最高(99.9%),是木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒的一个分离物。病样中同时还检测到伴随DNAβ卫星分子,测序结果显示该卫星全长1 346 bp,编码1个ORF,BLAST及聚类分析结果显示该β卫星与木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒β卫星同源性最高(99.7%),为木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒β卫星的一个分离物。这是木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒首次在长江流域的报道。 相似文献
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福州市发生由木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒引起的朱槿曲叶病 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
棉花曲叶病是世界棉花生产上最具毁灭性的病毒病害,其主要病原木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒(Cotton leaf curlMultan virus,CLCuMV)已经入侵我国广东、广西、海南等省多个地理区域,扩散危害范围日益加大.2011-2012年调查发现福建省厦门、福州和宁德等多个城市绿化植物朱槿(Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)发生朱槿曲叶病的流行.应用双生病毒通用引物以及烟粉虱生物型鉴定的通用引物,通过PCR扩增、序列分析等方法,分别检测或鉴定了福州市朱槿曲叶病的病原、介体烟粉虱的生物型以及朱槿病株上烟粉虱的带毒率.结果显示:福州市朱槿曲叶病的病原是木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒,与CLCuMV广东分离物和广西分离物的相似性高达99.6％以上;介体烟粉虱生物型为B型,病株上烟粉虱的带毒率为100％.试验结果说明CLCuMV已经扩散至福建省,应警惕和控制木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒的进一步扩散和危害. 相似文献
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棉花皱叶病毒(Cotton leaf crumple virus,CLCrV)是典型的双生病毒,含A和B两个组分。根据B组分的保守序列设计的一对普通PCR引物,得到约为636 bp的片段,实验结果显示能特异性地扩增CLCrV B组分,棉花曲叶病毒(Cotton leaf curl virus,CLCuV)、非洲木薯花叶病毒(African cassava mosaec vi-rus,ACMV)、花椰菜花叶病毒(Cauliflower mosaic virus,CaMV)及番茄黄化曲叶病毒(Tomato yellow leaf curl virus,TYLCV)不干扰普通RCR方法对CLCrV的检测。设计的实时荧光PCR引物和探针也能特异性地检测棉花皱叶病毒,而CLCuV、ACMV和TYLCV不影响实时荧光PCR对CLCrV的检测。 相似文献
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棉花曲叶病研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
棉花曲叶病(Cotton leaf curl disease,CLCuD)是棉花上的重要病害,在巴基斯坦和印度已造成严重危害。已发现7种双生病毒与亚洲和非洲发生的CLCuD相关,在田间这些双生病毒常复合侵染且病毒基因组重组现象较为普遍。CLCuD伴随不同类型的小分子DNA,其中新型卫星DNA分子——DNAβ与CLCuD致病性紧密相关,是诱导田间典型症状所必需的。重组导致CLCuD的病毒多样化,而DNAβ分子能与不同双生病毒互作,这可能是引起CLCuD流行的重要原因。本文介绍了CLCuD的分布与危害、病害病原致病因子的发现及CLCuD病害复合体各组份之间的互作、病毒及小分子DNA的变异与进化关系、病害流行及防治等方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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为明确玉米褪绿斑驳病毒 （maize chlorotic mottle virus, MCMV）对我国玉米生产的经济损失,通过收集、整理玉米产量、种植面积、市场价格以及MCMV潜在地理分布、危害和防控等相关数据,基于随机模型利用@RISK软件分别预测MCMV在不防控和防控场景下对我国玉米产业造成的潜在经济损失。结果表明,在不防控场景下, MCMV对我国玉米产业造成的潜在经济损失总量的90%置信区间为329.44亿~508.96亿元;而在防控场景下, MCMV对我国玉米产业造成的潜在经济损失总量的90%置信区间为51.62亿~76.23亿元,可挽回潜在经济损失的90%置信区间为278.38亿~437.93亿元。说明MCMV严重威胁我国玉米生产,建议有关部门加强检疫阻截防控工作,保障我国玉米产业安全。 相似文献
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玉米褪绿斑驳病毒入侵损失指标体系及直接经济损失评估 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
玉米褪绿斑驳病毒(Maize chlorotic mottle virus)是我国进境检疫性病毒,严重危害玉米的生长,给玉米生产带来巨大经济损失。文中根据科学性、系统优化、通用可比及实用性原则,结合玉米褪绿斑驳病毒特点,系统构建了玉米褪绿斑驳病毒损失评判指标体系,共1个一级指标、3个二级指标、11个三级指标。并对其在我国可能造成的直接经济损失作出初步评估,经估算,玉米褪绿斑驳病毒对我国造成的潜在直接经济损失达140.95亿人民币。 相似文献
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草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda自2019年1月入侵我国云南以来,快速蔓延为害,严重威胁我国的玉米生产和粮食安全。本研究基于云南省德宏州351份玉米农户调查数据,利用以直接经济损失和防治费用为基础的经济损失评估模型,估算了2019年草地贪夜蛾对德宏州玉米生产造成的经济损失,并分析了农户实际采用的防治措施。结果表明,2019年草地贪夜蛾对德宏州玉米生产造成的经济损失约为1 399.29万元,其中,玉米产量变化造成的直接经济损失约为366.51万元,农户防治投入增加和政府宣传、培训和防治等费用支出约为1 032.78万元。本研究不但为了解草地贪夜蛾对我国不同地区作物生产造成的经济损失提供例证,也为因地制宜地制定草地贪夜蛾防治策略提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Since first being recorded in 1917–18 in Bulgaria, sharka (plum pox) disease has progressively spread via infected plant material to be present in most Prunus -growing nations today. The disease has serious agronomic and political consequences because it causes enormous economic losses. In countries in which sharka is endemic, a high percentage of apricot and European plum production is unmarketable because of the disease. To these figures should be added the costs of sanitary controls, surveys and eradication programmes against sharka virus. Estimated costs associated with sharka management worldwide in the last 30 years exceed 10 000 million euros. However, improvements in knowledge of the disease and in techniques used to identify the disease are significantly aiding disease control and management. 相似文献
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本文从生态经济效益出发,根据林业区域特征和林种的地类适宜性原则,应用系统动力学和线性规划模型制定了黄土高原地区中长期林业发展战略规模和林种布局的优化方案,到2030年,有林地将达到26343万亩,覆盖率28.0%,蓄积量46698万m~3,果品1179万吨,林业产值96.35亿元(比1985年提高6.2倍)。人均用材0.11m~3,果品82公斤,粮食350公斤,农户薪柴653公斤,水土流失减少27.1%。这样既满足了社会发展需求,又充分发挥了各地的资源优势。 相似文献
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M. NMETH 《EPPO Bulletin》1994,24(3):525-536
Plum pox potyvirus (PPV), which first appeared in Bulgaria in 1915, has spread to nearly every European country, and can today also be found in various eastern Mediterranean countries. The pest is of great economic importance especially in some southern and central European countries, causing considerable losses in production of primarily plum, apricot and peach. The extent of losses varies between countries of different climates, depending on cultivars and virus strains. In joint infections with other viruses, PPV provokes synergistic effects, enhancing the economic importance of the pest. Since PPV is transmitted by insects, spread of the virus can be reduced only by eradicating sources of infection and use of virusfree propagating material. Thus introduction of more reliable detection techniques is essential, facilitating mass testing of trees. Close collaboration in studying strain-related problems of PPV and in searching for resistant and tolerant cultivars is similarly important. 相似文献
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Abstract Grassy stunt disease, ragged stunt virus and rice tungro virus, are among the most widespread and damaging rice diseases in Indonesia. Yield losses due to grassy stunt and the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) in the period 1974–77 were more than US$510 million. Ragged stunt virus is a new disease which is widespread in Indonesia and has been reported in several rice growing countries in Asia since 1977. Loss figures for ragged stunt are not available, however, individual farmers have suffered 100% yield loss in infected fields. Tungro and grassy stunt are controlled by resistant varieties but there are no commercially available varieties with resistance to ragged stunt. 相似文献
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A. Karthikeyan V.G. Shobhana M. Sudha M. Raveendran N. Senthil M. Pandiyan 《国际虫害防治杂志》2014,60(4):314-324
Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) disease is one of the most vicious diseases of green gram and has been renowned in India for more than five decades. It is caused by a group of geminiviruses belonging to the genus, begomovirus of the family, Geminiviridae. They are transmitted through whitefly in a persistent manner. The economic losses due to this virus account up to 85% in green gram which is spreading faster towards newer areas. The escalating economic importance of MYMV has resulted in the call for accurate detection and identification procedures that inspire rigorous research efforts focussing on the biology, diversity and epidemiology of the virus, so that viable management strategies could be designed. Breeding for resistance or tolerance appears to be the best approach to control this disease. However, the commercially offered genotypes are only partially resistant. Therefore, the hunt for newer sources of disease resistance needs to be intensified. This review updates all the accessible information on MYMV and outlines the areas in which advance research is indispensable. 相似文献