共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
行株距配置对超高产早晚稻产量的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
在30万蔸/hm2（早稻）和25万蔸/hm2（晚稻）密度下,以超高产早稻陆两优996、淦鑫203和超高产晚稻淦鑫688、天优华占为试验材料,研究了3个施氮水平下不同行株距配置对超高产早、晚稻产量的影响。不施氮时,供试的4个品种（组合）均在窄行距时产量最高;施氮条件下,淦鑫203在中行距时产量最高,陆两优996和天优华占在宽行距和窄行距时产量较高,而淦鑫688在窄行距时产量较高。不同行株距配置对陆两优996和天优华占产量的影响主要是通过影响有效穗数,对淦鑫203主要通过影响每穗粒数,而对淦鑫668则主要通过影响结实率来实现。品种间对行株距配置响应的差异与淦鑫203的每穗粒数较少、成穗率较低,而陆两优996和天优华占的每穗粒数较多、成穗率较高,淦鑫688的叶面积指数较高有关。早稻陆两优996的适宜行株距为33.0 cm×10.0 cm或20.6 cm×16.0 cm,淦鑫203为25.4 cm×13.0 cm;晚稻天优华占为40.0 cm×10.0 cm或20.0 cm×20.0 cm,淦鑫688为20.0 cm×20.0 cm。 相似文献
2.
盐两优2818是辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所用GB028S与C418配育的杂交粳稻组合,全生育期158 d,属中晚熟品种。株高107.8 cm左右,平均粒数139.9粒/穗,千粒重28～30 g,一般产量10 314 kg/hm2,米质优良。栽培密度为30.0cm×16.5 cm或30 cm×20 cm,注意N、P、K配合施用和水层管理,掌握制种技术要点。 相似文献
3.
4.
水稻不同耕作栽培方式比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验结果表明,免耕直播稻比常耕抛秧稻分蘖早10~13 d,分蘖节位低1个节位,成穗率高6.82个百分点;单株总根数多88.9条、根总长多902.9 cm、根系体积多4.7 cm3、根系干重多0.91 g;后期绿叶数多0.7张,假茎粗0.08 cm;每公顷有效穗多24.15万穗,每穗总粒数多3.9粒,每穗实粒数多5.7粒,结实率高2.02个百分点。不同的耕作方式相比,直播稻比抛栽稻生育期缩短3~6 d;穗粒结构以稻草还田免耕直播稻最好,产量也最高,比非还田免耕直播稻增产4.78%,比免耕抛秧稻增产6.39%,比常耕直播稻增产11.79%,比常耕抛秧稻增产11.39%。不同留桩高度对免耕直播稻产量没有直接的影响,免耕直播稻纹枯病危害较轻,特别是稻草还田免耕直播稻纹枯病最轻。 相似文献
5.
早稻机插秧的密度和本数对产量及其相关性状的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以嘉育253为供试品种,研究早稻机插秧的密度和本数对产量及其相关性状的影响.结果表明:在机播行距不变的情况下,随着株距增加,密度减小,单丛有效穗数、结实率、成穗率增加,每公顷有效穗数、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、每公顷颖花数、株高、基本苗数、最高苗数减少,最终产量降低:随着插秧机取苗档位的提高,穴插本数增加,单丛穗数、每公顷有效穗数增加,每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、每公顷颖花数增加,但在5档以上时明显降低,最终产量增加.综合分析认为,在目前大多数插秧机行距固定、株距可调的情况下,以密度30cm×(12～14)cm、本数5～7档(丛插5～7本)为宜. 相似文献
6.
以不同插秧密度对水稻产量及精米率的影响进行了研究,结果表明:水稻不同插秧密度对生育期没有影响,但对产量及精米率却有一定影响,其中以30 cm×13.2 cm的插秧密度产量最高,比对照增产4.85%,其次是30 cm×10 cm,比对照增产3.94%。随着穴距的加大,产量逐渐下降,穴距超过20 cm以上,减产幅度大。从精米率看,以30 cm×13.2 cm的插秧密度精米率最高,其精米产量也最高,比对照增产8.77%;30 cm×10 cm插秧密度的稻谷虽然比对照增产极显著,但精米率低,远远低于30 cm×13.2 cm的精米产量,且中感叶瘟病和轻微穗颈瘟及二化螟,其它处理只有轻微叶瘟的发生,却无穗颈瘟和二化螟的危害。 相似文献
7.
株行距配置对夏大豆光利用特性、干物质积累和产量的影响 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以夏大豆鲁豆4号为材料,在同一密度（3.09×105株hm-2）下设5种株行距配置方式,即行距×株距分别为A：18 cm×18 cm,B：27 cm×12 cm,C：36 cm×9 cm,D：54 cm×6 cm,E：81 cm×4 cm,研究株行距配置对夏大豆光利用特性、干物质积累和产量的影响,为合理配置株行距、提高产量提供理论依据。结果表明,大豆在生育期间干物质变化因株行距不同而产生差异,A处理在播种后0~70 d处于中等水平,第80 d达到最高,D处理始终处于相对较低的水平,E处理在播种后第80 d时比A处理低20%;不同层次干物质积累重心随行距加大有上移趋势。A和B处理叶面积指数（LAI）高峰值持续约20 d,C、D、E处理在播种后60 d有不同程度的下降,生育期间A、B和C处理的LAI平均值比D、E处理平均值高17.7%。随行距变小透射率降低、光截获率、株粒数和百粒重上升而产量增加。说明夏大豆在雨灌农业条件下,均匀分布可提高群体产量。 相似文献
8.
不同插秧密度对水稻产量和品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
将龙粳26和垦05-795两个品种进行不同插秧规格对比试验,结果表明:不同的插秧密度对水稻的产量有影响,对水稻的抗逆性、米质影响不显著。龙粳26最适宜的插秧规格是30 cm×10 cm,产量达到664.4 kg/667 m2,其次是26cm×13 cm,产量达到658.9 kg/667 m2;垦05-795最适宜的插秧规格是30 cm×10 cm,产量达到697.2 kg/667 m2,其次是30 cm×13 cm,产量达到672.0 kg/667 m2。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
钵苗机插密度对双季晚稻产量及群体质量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以杂交籼稻品种五丰优T025、籼粳杂交稻品种甬优538、常规粳稻品种小叶迟熟为材料,设置5个钵苗机插密度(D1,33 cm×12 cm;D2,33 cm×13 cm;D3,33 cm×14 cm;D4,33 cm×15 cm;D5,33 cm×16 cm),以毯苗机插为对照(CK,30.0 cm×13.2 cm),比较研究了不同钵苗机插密度对双季晚稻产量及群体质量的影响,旨在探明水稻钵苗机插在双季晚稻区的适宜栽插密度。试验结果表明:(1)三种类型水稻的产量均随移栽密度的增加而增加,相同密度条件下D1处理产量均极显著高于CK,2年平均增产8.13%~9.50%;(2)钵苗机插水稻移栽后群体的茎蘖数均表现为处理D1D2D3D4D5,与CK相比,D1处理的茎蘖数栽后增长快,拔节后群体茎蘖数消减缓慢,成穗率高;(3)移栽期至拔节期、拔节期至抽穗期、抽穗期至成熟期三种类型水稻钵苗机插的干物质积累量、群体生长率、光合势均表现为处理D1D2D3D4D5,移栽期至拔节期CK的干物质积累量和光合势大于D1处理,拔节期至抽穗期、抽穗期至成熟期D1的干物质积累量、群体生长率及光合势均高于CK;(4)钵苗机插水稻主要生育期的群体干物质量均表现为处理D1D2D3D4D5,而单茎干物质量却表现出相反的趋势;(5)钵苗机插水稻在主要生育时期的叶面积指数及抽穗期群体的有效叶面积率、高效叶面积率及粒叶比均随密度的增加呈上升趋势,抽穗期群体的有效叶面积率、高效叶面积率及粒叶比D1处理极显著高于CK。本试验结果表明,在双季晚稻区不同类型水稻品种钵苗机插最适宜行株距为33 cm×12 cm。 相似文献
13.
WANG Yaliang ZHU Defeng XIANG Jing CHEN Huizhe ZHANG Yuping XU Yicheng ZHANG Yikai 《中国水稻科学》1986,34(4):332-338
【Objective】 The purpose of the study is to ascertain the effect of precise hill-sowing and drill-sowing methods on seedling raising and the characteristics of mechanized transplanting of hybrid rice with a low seed sowing rate below 70 g, and to further break the current technical bottleneck in mechanized transplanting process of hybrid rice. 【Method】 In this study, Zhongzheyou 1 and Yongyou 1540 were mechanically hill-sowed and drill-sowed in standard seedling raising trays with mechanized broadcasting as the control. The hill-sowing specification was 16×34 hill, and 16 drills were set in longitudinal direction for drill sowing. The seed sowing rates were 5 seeds, 3 seeds, and 2 seeds per hill for hill sowing, and the same seed rates were set in drill sowing. The effects of different sowing methods on the growth of seedlings and their mechanical transplanting characteristics were investigated. 【Results】 1) Sowing methods presented no significant effect on seedling percentage with a reduction in seeding rate. 2) A reduction in seeding rate improved rice seedling consistency, especially in hill sowing and drill sowing as compared with broadcasting. 3) In comparison with seed broadcasting, under hill seeding and drill seeding, seedling roots were more entwined as seedling mats. Under hill-sowing and drill sowing, Zhongzheyou 1 and Yongyou 1540 had 75.4% and 81.0% higher intertwining force than that of broadcasting, respectively. Precise hill- and drill-sowing generated effective seedling blanket without significant difference between the two treatments, while broadcast sowing did not. 4) Hill sowing and drill sowing significantly reduced the missed hill percent of machine transplanting. The missed hill percent of Zhongzheyou 1 and Yongyou 1540 under hill sowing and drill sowing were 76.3% and 74.6% lower than that of broadcast sowing in average, respectively. The missed hill percent for hill-seeding and drill-seeding with 3 seeds per hill was below 1%, 10% lower than that of broadcast sowing. 5) The uniformity of machine-transplanted seedling under hill sowing and drill sowing were better than that of broadcast sowing. And the proportion of the treatments with expected seedling-catching number in mechanized transplanting (2 to 5 seedlings with 5 seeds per hill, 1 to 3 seedlings with 3 seeds per hill and 1 to 2 seedlings with 2 seeds per hill) for the two cultivars were all above 80% in hill-sowing and drill-sowing in combination with machine transplanting, and the seedling uniformity of machine-transplanted Zhongzheyou 1 and Yongyou 1540 was 121.2% and 67.0% higher than that under broadcast sowing. Meanwhile hill sowing had a better result than drill sowing. 【Conclusion】 Precision hill seeding and drill seeding provide an alternative measure to current problems such as large amount of seeds, high missed hill percent and uneven seedling taking in the process of machine transplanting of rice. 相似文献
14.
【目的】明确杂交稻70 g以下低播量精量穴播和条播对育秧效果及机插特性的影响,突破生产中杂交稻机插的技术瓶颈。【方法】以中浙优1号和甬优1540两个杂交稻品种为材料,利用机插标准9寸盘,设置机械穴播和条播两个精量播种方式,并以机械流水线撒播为对照,穴播规格为16(纵向)×34(横向)穴,条播为纵向16条,以穴播5粒、3粒及2粒的播种量进行播种试验。考查了低播量下不同播种方式对秧苗生长影响及配套取秧效果【结果】1)低播量下不同播种方式对秧苗成苗率的影响不大。2)降低播种量提高秧苗生长一致性,且穴播和条播秧苗生长一致性好于撒播。3)与撒播相比,精量穴播和条播能够在低播量下提高秧苗根系盘结力和成毯性,中浙优1号和甬优1540根系盘结力比撒播平均高75.4%和81.0%,播量每穴3粒时即能有效成毯,穴播和条播差异不大。4)精量穴播和条播能够显著降低低播量下机插漏秧率,中浙优1号和甬优1540机插漏秧率平均分别比撒播低76.3%和74.6%,穴播和条播下,两个品种每穴播量3粒的漏秧率均在1%以下,与撒播相比降幅在10个百分点以上。5)精量穴播和条播机插取秧苗数均匀度比撒播要好,两个品种预期取秧2~5苗(5粒)、1~3苗(3粒)和1~2苗(2粒)比例均达80%以上,中浙优1号和甬优1540机插苗数均匀度平均比撒播高121.2%和67.0%,其中,穴播机插取秧苗数均匀度及预期取秧苗数比例高于条播。【结论】精量穴播和条播可以解决目前杂交稻机插用种量大、漏秧率高和机插取秧苗数均匀度差的问题。 相似文献
15.
钵形毯状秧苗机插技术在新疆的应用效果初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以新疆水稻主栽品种新稻11号为试材,通过田间比较试验,探讨了钵形毯状秧苗机插技术在新疆水稻生产上的应用效果。结果表明,钵形毯状秧苗机插比常规普通平盘秧苗机插增产7.74%,比传统人工育秧手插增产13.04%;钵形毯状秧苗机插水稻生育期比其余两种育插秧方式短;钵形毯状秧苗机插比普通平盘秧苗机插纯效益增加177.99元/667 m~2,比传统的人工育苗手插秧纯效益增383.04元/667 m~2,节本增产效果显著。 相似文献
16.
17.
【目的】探讨淮糯12田间综合表现和高产栽培技术。【方法】以皖稻68为对照品种,采用单本和双本栽插方式,研究不同栽插方式对淮糯12经济性状、抗性和产量的影响,并总结了其高产栽培技术。【结果】采用双本栽插,淮糯12穗数较皖稻68少18．0万／hm^2,穗实粒数较皖稻68多18．5粒,平均产量为8655．0kg／hm^2,较单本栽插增产20．2％,较双本栽插的皖稻68增产10．6％。田间表现抗白叶枯病,抗穗颈瘟,中感纹枯病,高抗条纹叶枯病。栽培上要注意培育壮秧、合理密植、配方施肥和病虫草害防治。【结论】淮糯12产量高、抗病性较好,分蘖力较弱,适宜双本栽插． 相似文献
18.
不同秧龄下机插方式与密度对杂交稻光合生产及产量的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
【目的】探究不同秧龄下机插方式与密度对杂交稻光合生产及产量的影响,为水稻机插秧配套技术的应用提供理论和实践依据,【方法】以超级杂交稻F优498为材料,采用两因素裂区试验设计,在25 d和40 d秧龄下,设置"钵苗机插+高密度(M_1D_1)"、"钵苗机插+中密度(M_1D_2)"、"钵苗机插+低密度(M_1D_3)"、"毯苗机插+高密度(M_2D_4)"、"毯苗机插+中密度(M_2D_5)"、"毯苗机插+低密度(M_2D_6)"6种机插方式与密度的处理开展试验。【结果】秧龄与插秧方式和密度对水稻主要生育期光合生产及最终产量均存在显著的调控作用,且互作效应显著。同一机插方式及密度处理下,机插25 d秧龄水稻的秧苗素质、群体茎蘖数、叶面积指数(LAI)、单茎叶片和茎鞘表观转运量及转运率、单茎和群体干物质量、阶段干物质积累量、群体生长率、光合势、抽穗后净同化率以及产量均明显优于40 d秧龄处理。同一秧龄和机插方式下,水稻群体茎蘖数、各时期LAI和衰减率、群体干物质量、光合势以及抽穗前干物质积累量、群体生长率、净同化率均表现出随密度的增加而增加的趋势;而抽穗后物质积累量、群体生长率、净同化率在25 d秧龄下钵苗机插均表现为随着密度的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,以M_1D_2处理最优,而毯苗机插则表现为随着密度的降低而降低的趋势,且钵苗机插各指标较毯苗优势明显。25 d秧龄下,钵苗机插行距33 cm、配套株距14.5~15.5 cm,因群体总颖花数、结实率的优势,产量显著高于其余处理,其中又以行距33 cm、株距15.5 cm最能充分发挥其杂交籼稻株型的优势,提高光合物质生产,产量最高可达到12.74 t/hm~2,是本研究最佳组合;而毯苗机插随秧龄增大以及栽插密度的降低,群体质量指标恶化,有效穗数不同程度降低,产量并不高。 相似文献
19.
对超级稻Ⅱ优航2号进行不同叶龄和插植密度试验。结果表明,3.5叶龄用26.4cm×26.4cm的密植,5.0叶龄用17.8cm×17.8cm、23.1cm×23.1cm和26.4cm×26.4cm均可达到较好的产量水平。在生产上选择5.0叶龄插秧较为适宜;各密植规格之间差异不显著,应依据栽培条件、品种特性水平而适当选择其中一种密植规格。 相似文献
20.
YE Chun LI Yanda CAO Zhongsheng HUANG Junbao SUN Binfeng SHU Shifu WU Luofa 《中国水稻科学》1986,34(5):435-442
【Objective】The objective is to elucidate the effects of different seedling raising trays on plant type and yield of machine-transplanted double cropping rice.【Method】Field experiments were conducted in Jiangxi in 2019, involving two early and two late rice cultivars and three types of nursery trays [blanket tray(CK), bowl tray(D1) and bowl-blanket tray(D2)]. The changing characteristics of plant morphology and yield components were systematically measured. 【Result】The results indicated that: 1) The seedling quality of different seedling raising trays followed the trend of CK>D1>D2. The whole transplanting quality of seedlings under D2 was the best, as reflected by lower floating rate, injure rate and missed rate of seedling than CK. 2) Under D2 treatment, the seedlings turned green quickly and tillering was accelerated after jointing stage. The average number of tillers at booting stage was D2 > D1 > CK, which effectively increased the tiller number and panicle number and directly promote the yield. In the booting stage of early and late rice, the SPAD value of seedling leaves under D2 treatment was 3.2% higher than that under D1, and 9.2% higher than that under CK treatment, which effectively promoted photosynthesis and provided nutrition guarantee for increasing yield; 3) The yield data showed that D2 treatment had the highest yield in early rice, 13.04% and 1.65% higher than CK and D1, 30% and 19% higher than CK, respectively, and 20% higher than CK on average; The high yield of D2 treatment was due to its high chlorophyll contents in leaves, high effective panicle number, high seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight. 【Conclusion】Compared with the blanket nursing tray and bowl tray, the bowl-blanket tray can raise seedling quality and grain yield, which has a potential to be widely applied for high yield cultivation in double cropping rice production. 相似文献