共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
通过比较2种育秧盘机插稻生产力,为大面积水稻机械化及轻简化栽培提供最优农机农艺融合方案。结果显示:降解育秧钵盘处理秧苗在水稻茎基宽、单株分蘖数、百株地上部鲜质量均优于普通平盘育秧。同时,降解钵盘采用上毯下钵设计,调节插秧机取秧量可实现按钵精确机插,对秧苗根系植伤较轻,移栽后较普通平盘活棵快,分蘖发生早,在更短的时间内达到了预期穗数,穗粒结构较对照更为适宜,穗粒数均匀、变异系数小。收获期2个处理产量水平达到显著差异(P<0.05)。降解钵盘处理在一定程度上提高了糙米率、整精米率,降低了垩白率,效益较对照增加70.04元/667 m2。 相似文献
5.
水稻钵苗机栽技术是近年来江苏沿海垦区兴起的一项新技术。对江苏沿海垦区推广种植的优质高产高效迟熟中粳水稻南粳9108钵苗机栽进行不同播种量对秧苗素质、植株性状、茎蘖消长、产量与产量构成等作用效应的研究。结果表明:南粳9108钵苗机插硬盘育秧时,播种量与秧苗素质呈负相关关系,播种量越大,移栽时秧苗素质表现越差;在1~7粒/孔的播种量范围内,随着播种量的提高,南粳9108在移栽田中茎蘖数越高;有效穗数随播种量加大而呈先增加后减少趋势,在5粒/孔时达最高,实际产量以4粒/孔处理为最高;故南粳9108大面积生产培育壮秧时以每穴3~5粒为宜。 相似文献
6.
采用对比的方法探讨钵体毯状硬盘育苗与普通子盘育苗对比效果。结果表明,钵体毯式育苗株数较常规苗增加23.1株/m2,平均粒数增加2.2粒/穗,平均实粒数增加3.8粒/穗,空瘪率提高2.0%,千粒重提高0.2 g,产量提高7.7%。 相似文献
7.
水稻大钵体毯状苗机械育插秧技术研究与应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为解决传统机插秧技术秧龄适应期短、栽插后秧苗植伤大等技术问题,突破双季稻区、稻麦轮作区和东北寒地稻区水稻发展的瓶颈,本项目开发了水稻大钵体毯状苗机械化育插秧技术。该技术充分发挥了水稻钵体苗栽培高产优质的农艺技术优势和机插秧高效精准机械化作业优势,集成创新了水稻大钵体毯状苗育秧盘、精准对位播种、秧期综合管理和高速机械栽插等关键技术。水稻大钵体毯状苗育秧盘突出了水稻钵苗的技术特点,创新了育秧盘结构,在低播量条件下所育秧苗上毯下钵,素质高,有效延长了秧苗适宜机插时间,减少了栽插时秧苗的根系损伤,栽插后几乎无缓苗期;2ZBL-400型水稻育秧生产线解决了低播量和精准对位育秧播种的难题;应用秧期综合管理技术培育合格秧苗是实现水稻大钵体毯状苗机插秧的关键,育秧方式采用旱育秧技术模式;水稻大钵体毯状苗在机插时要求插秧机进行按钵取苗,对现有插秧机的横向和纵向送秧机构进行简单的改进设计就可以满足水稻大钵体毯状苗机插秧的技术要求。该技术已经在全国水稻主产区进行了广泛试验和示范推广,具有缓解茬口紧张、降低生产风险、促进农药减施、增产效果明显等优点。该技术有效缓解了双季稻区、稻麦轮作区和东北寒地稻区机插秧造成的水稻生育期不足难题,为水稻机械化作业开拓了一条新的技术模式。 相似文献
8.
以生产上应用面积较大的广适性籼粳杂交稻甬优1540为材料,设置钵苗育秧和毯苗育秧2种育秧方式以及4种播种量处理,研究不同播种量和育秧方式对籼粳杂交稻秧苗素质的影响。结果表明,随着播种量的增加,无论是钵苗育秧还是毯苗育秧,各秧苗素质指标总体上呈降低趋势。同一播种量条件下,钵苗育秧处理的株高极显著高于毯苗育秧处理;钵苗育秧处理出苗率在S4播种量（8粒/孔）时显著低于毯苗育秧处理（86.0 g/盘）,其他播种量下无显著差异。2种育秧方式的叶龄和茎基宽在S1播种量（2粒/孔或21.5 g/盘）时差异不显著,在其他播种量时钵苗育秧处理显著或极显著高于毯苗育秧处理。2种育秧方式的根长、地上部干物质量和地下部干物质量仅在低播种量时差异显著;同一播种量下2种育秧方式间的根数无显著差异。 相似文献
9.
10.
钵形毯状秧苗机插技术在新疆的应用效果初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以新疆水稻主栽品种新稻11号为试材,通过田间比较试验,探讨了钵形毯状秧苗机插技术在新疆水稻生产上的应用效果。结果表明,钵形毯状秧苗机插比常规普通平盘秧苗机插增产7.74%,比传统人工育秧手插增产13.04%;钵形毯状秧苗机插水稻生育期比其余两种育插秧方式短;钵形毯状秧苗机插比普通平盘秧苗机插纯效益增加177.99元/667 m~2,比传统的人工育苗手插秧纯效益增383.04元/667 m~2,节本增产效果显著。 相似文献
11.
不同播种量对水稻秧苗素质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取五优稻4号为试验材料,对其进行6个不同播种量对秧苗素质影响的试验研究。结果表明:播种量300~400g/m2可获得较好的秧苗素质,采用300~400 g/m2的播种量,第一叶鞘高应可控制在3 cm左右、苗期立枯病发病面积10%、秧苗高度叶龄茎基宽适中、白根数16个、百株地上干重较高。 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
Establishment of seedlings of Bromus inermis , a native grass species of China, into a degraded steppe grassland was studied in an experiment with a factorial combination of different soil disturbance (control and harrowing), cutting post-sowing (control and cutting), nitrogen (N) fertilizer application (0 and 100 kg KNO3 hm−2 ) and seed rate (400, 800 and 1200 seeds m−2 ) treatments. Seedling emergence and survival rates, and plant performance, were followed over 2 years. Seedling emergence was increased by soil disturbance (harrowing). Cutting post-sowing and N fertilizer application did not increase seedling emergence. Seedling survival rates at the end of first growing season were strongly influenced by harrowing and the use of higher seed rates. Seedling height was higher in the harrowing and the N fertilizer application treatments and at the higher seed rates. Seedling survival rates in the second growing season were low but much higher with harrowing than the other treatments. Soil disturbance by harrowing may have increased contact between seed and soil, and reduced competition from established plants. It is concluded that, for the restoration of degraded semi-arid grassland in China by re-seeding, soil surface disturbance is necessary for successful seedling establishment, and modest seeding rates should be used to control costs. 相似文献
15.
播种方式和播种密度对杂交籼稻机插秧节本增效的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
【目的】探索机插杂交籼稻稀播育秧秧苗生长特性、栽插质量、产量与效益特点。【方法】以F优498和Ⅱ优498的种子为材料开发并优选条播器后,采用两因素裂区设计,播种方式为主区,播种量为副区。【结果】条播播种均匀度优势明显,24行条播规格效果最佳。播种14 d后,秧苗开始产生分蘖芽,播后17至23 d是分蘖芽发生速率最快时期。随播种密度的增加,成苗率、干物质积累量、根冠比、秧苗充实度、N积累量、分蘖芽发生率、发根力、漏插率都呈降低趋势,同时有效穗数增加,每穗粒数减少,产量先增加后降低。条播相对于散播,秧苗整体素质较好,易形成壮秧,产量较高。【结论】投入与产出综合分析,采用条播方式,播种密度为50 g/盘时,秧苗群体密度和个体优势之间能得到较好的协调,产投比最高。 相似文献
16.
播种期对湘南烟区烟叶产质量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为探索衡阳烟区不同播种期对烤烟产质量的影响,采用4个播种期处理,考察烟苗素质和大田期烟株的生长发育特性,以及烟叶烘烤后产质量特性。结果表明,12月15日播种的烟苗生育期适宜,烟苗成活率达94%,烟苗健壮;移栽揭膜后40 d能够保留13片有效叶片,株高和茎围分别达到88 cm和8.8 cm ,叶面积显著大于其他处理;烤后烟叶外观质量颜色橘黄程度高,成熟度好,综合得分均明显优于其余处理,说明适当推迟播种期能够显著提高烟苗素质,增加产值,改善烤后烟叶质量。 相似文献
17.
探究播种量对油菜毯苗生长的影响,对标准化的油菜毯苗培育具有重要的现实意义。本试验测定了不同播种量下两个油菜品种的出苗数、存苗数、地上部生物量、叶片与根颈的生长状况。其结果显示:提高播种量会显著降低油菜毯苗的出苗率、存苗率、地上部单株干重、子叶与真叶的大小和根颈直径,提高油菜毯苗的株高与根颈长。但通过播种量的增加可以一定程度弥补质量的下降,使油菜毯苗的地上部全盘总干重先增加后减小。根据实际生产的移栽需求,通过播种量与存苗数的回归分析结果显示,最适播种量为700~750粒/盘。 相似文献
18.
《Field Crops Research》1995,43(1):31-42
A novel technique was tested for establishing upland crops in saturated paddy soils. It is based on the observation that deep planting in wet soil is feasible if the seed holes remain open to maintain an adequate gaseous exchange pathway to the soil surface. Three field experiments were conducted to compare the performance of this ‘plunger planter’ seeding method against five other methods to establish mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilzeck) following rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiments were conducted on a silty clay Tropaquept during the 1990 and 1991 dry seasons (DS) at the International Rice Research Institute. Planting depths from 2 to 14 cm did not significantly affect seedling emergence (which varied from 88–97%) or grain yield. The apparent optimum depth was 6–8 cm. A needle-like pont attachment to the end of the plunger increased mungbean stem diameter and facilitated vertical rooting, but had no significant effect on seedling emergence or yield. Plunger planting (PP) was successful at 50% soil moisture content (g/g). The other seeding methods could only be employed at a soil moisture content of 34% or less. Grain yields with PP in the 1990 DS (1.3-1.6 t/ha) were significantly greater than with all other methods (yield range of 0.4-0.8 t/ha). In the 1991 DS, yields with PP (2.2 t/ha) exceeded those with the other methods by 0.4-0.7 t/ha. Seedling emergence, plant density at harvest, and total dry matter were significantly (P < 0.01) increased with PP in 1990, but not in 1991 (a season of less severe water stress). The PP method proved to have promising potential as a means of establishing mungbean in saturated soils, gaining time for germination and root growth before soil strength becomes prohibitive to root penetration, and enabling greater water use from deep soil layers. The plunger planter principle is adaptable to mechanical seeding. 相似文献