共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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使用固相微萃取(HS/SPME)-气质联用(GC/MS)技术对苏99-8毛豆仁鲜样和热风干燥毛豆仁挥发性成分进行分析,同时对2种干燥产品的感官品质、营养成分含量和质构特性进行比较。结果表明,在毛豆仁鲜样、热风干燥和热风联合压差膨化干燥制备的毛豆仁产品中分别检测出32、31、35种风味成分。鲜样中(Z)-3-己烯醇、正己醛、(E)-2-己烯醛、1-辛烯-3酮和1-戊烯-3酮对其风味相对贡献较大。热风联合压差膨化干燥后毛豆仁醛类化合物明显增多,出现了杂环类、酯类、酸类及含硫化合物,2-庚烯醛、正己醛、正戊醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、2-辛烯醇、1-辛烯-3酮、乙酸异丙烯酯、2,3,5-三甲基吡嗪和2,6-二甲基吡嗪、二甲基亚砜对热风联合压差膨化干燥后毛豆仁风味贡献较大,使毛豆具有较浓的豆类清香味和浓厚的焙烤香气,造就了热风联合压差膨化干燥毛豆仁脆粒的独特风味。热风联合压差膨化干燥毛豆仁的感官品质和质构特性明显优于热风干燥毛豆仁。 相似文献
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不同品种毛豆脆粒挥发性物质组成及差异分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术鉴定了6种毛豆脆粒挥发性物质组成,结合感觉阈值,利用相对风味活度值(ROAV)确定了各品种主体风味成分,并运用主成分分析(PCA)探讨了不同品种毛豆脆粒主要风味物质差异。结果表明,6种毛豆脆粒共检测出65种挥发性成分,主要包括醛类、醇类、酮类和烃类,且各品种间挥发性组分差异较大;毛豆脆粒共有的主体风味物质为戊醛、己醛、辛醛、壬醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、1-辛烯-3-酮和柠檬烯,3-甲基丁醛为新大粒1号和通豆5号脆粒特有的主体风味物质。通过不同品种主要风味物质的PCA分析可知,戊醛、顺-2-庚烯醛分别是苏豆3号、淮豆8号脆粒区别于其它品种的标志性风味物质。各品种毛豆脆粒主体风味物质间交互作用影响其总体风味。本研究为毛豆脆粒风味品质评价提供一定指导。 相似文献
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烫漂时间对香椿嫩芽颜色及挥发性风味成分的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究香椿嫩芽烫漂过程中颜色热降解规律及挥发性风味成分的变化,分别采用分光光度法和光电反射光度法对香椿嫩芽叶绿素含量和色差进行测定,同时利用顶空固相微萃取及GC-MS联用技术对不同烫漂时间下香椿嫩芽的挥发性成分进行鉴定,并对各种处理后的风味物质进行主成分分析。结果表明,香椿嫩芽叶绿素降解和绿色损失均属于一级动力学反应,且叶绿素的减少与绿色损失相关性较好,呈极显著水平。烫漂后香椿嫩芽挥发性成分种类增多,含硫类等呈刺激性气味的化合物相对含量减少,烯类等呈柔和气味增加,提升了香椿的香味品质。综合颜色及挥发性成分随烫漂时间的变化规律,确定最佳烫漂时间为30s。主成分分析结果显示,第1、第2和第3主成分累积贡献率达98.742%,能够较好的代表原始数据所反应的信息。第1主成分包含噻吩类、烯类、醇类和醛类,贡献率大小为噻吩类烯类醇类醛类;第2主成分包含酮类和其它类,贡献率大小为酮类其它类;第3主成分为烃类。本研究结果为香椿嫩芽精深加工过程中颜色和风味的控制提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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香菇生长过程中挥发性风味成分组成及其风味评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了明确影响香菇风味的特征性挥发性风味成分,本研究采用固相微萃取(SPME)和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术分析鉴定了不同生长阶段香菇子实体中挥发性风味成分的组成,结合电子鼻系统对不同生长阶段香菇子实体的风味进行差异区分,利用相对风味活度值(ROAV)分析挥发性风味成分对香菇子实体风味的贡献率,运用主成分分析(PCA)明确香菇生长过程中的特征性风味成分,并对不同生长阶段香菇子实体进行风味评价。结果表明,在香菇子实体的6个生长阶段中,共检测出134种挥发性风味成分,主要包括含硫化合物、醛类化合物和八碳化合物。电子鼻系统可以对不同生长阶段的香菇子实体风味进行差异区分。挥发性成分二甲基三硫、1,2,4-三硫杂环戊烷、二甲基二硫、3-甲基丁醛、E-2-壬烯醛和2,4-癸二烯醛是香菇子实体生长过程中关键风味物质,对香菇子实体风味贡献较大。PCA分析发现,二甲基三硫、二甲基二硫、1-辛烯-3-醇、3-甲基丁醛、己醛、2-甲基丁醛、1-庚烯-3-酮、E-2-壬烯醛、(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛和2-十一酮10种挥发性成分为香菇的特征性风味成分;成熟期、未开伞生长阶段采收的香菇子实体风味品质较优,菌盖完全开伞后,香菇子实体风味品质较差。本研究结果为香菇栽培和挥发性风味成分的开发利用提供了一定的理论指导。 相似文献
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为提高黑毛豆仁膨化产品的品质,采用微波联合气流膨化干燥工艺。考察不同单位质量微波功率对黑毛豆仁干燥特性的影响,探讨联合干燥过程转换点含水率、膨化温度、停滞时间、压力差、抽空干燥时间对黑毛豆仁膨化产品的含水率、硬度、脆度和色泽的影响。结果表明:当单位质量微波功率为5W/g时,黑毛豆仁的干燥速率较快,干燥时间较短;联合干燥转换点含水率、膨化温度、抽空干燥时间对膨化产品的品质影响显著,而膨化压力差、停滞时间对膨化产品品质影响较小。确定黑毛豆仁微波联合气流膨化干燥适宜的工艺参数:单位质量微波功率5W/g,转换点含水率31%,压力差0.124MPa,膨化温度100℃,停滞时间10min,抽空干燥时间90min。研究结果可为黑毛豆仁干制品的产业化生产提供技术参考。 相似文献
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不同鲜食甜糯玉米挥发性风味物质主成分分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《核农学报》2017,(11)
为了分析不同品种鲜食甜糯玉米的主要挥发性风味物质之间的差异,探讨利用仪器分析和统计学方法区分不同品种的鲜食甜糯玉米的可能性,采用顶空-固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术,建立不同品种鲜食甜糯玉米挥发性风味成分的快速检测方法,结合多元统计分析软件SPSS和SIMCA,对不同品种鲜食甜糯玉米挥发性风味成分进行了主成分分析。结果表明,不同品种的鲜食甜糯玉米均含有独特的挥发性风味物质组合,渝糯7号主要挥发性风味成分是十七烷、十六烷、2-己基-1-癸醇、3-甲基-呋喃、1-戊醇;渝糯9号主要挥发性风味成分是叶醇、庚醛、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃、3-甲基-2-丁烯醛、2-甲基-3-辛酮;渝糯930号主要挥发性风味成分是甲基庚烯酮、2,6,11-三甲基十二烷、2-(十八氧基)乙醇;粤甜16号主要挥发性风味成分是金合欢醇、雪松醇、辛酸。这些挥发性风味成分的差异在一定程度上反映了不同品种鲜食甜糯玉米之间的风味型差异,为选育更受市场欢迎的鲜食甜糯玉米品种提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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为明确热处理对玉米汁加工过程中风味变化的影响,本文选用乳熟期的甜玉米及糯玉米进行制汁,对生鲜玉米汁以及烫漂、常压沸水、高压蒸汽热处理后的样品采用SPME-GC-MS,进行挥发性成分测定。结果表明:两种生鲜玉米汁的挥发性成分均以直链醛醇类物质为主,经烫漂处理后制汁,醛醇类物质分别由14种和15种减少为5种和0种,峰面积减少为生鲜玉米汁的48.7%与0.0%。对烫漂后加工得到的玉米汁样品再进行常压沸水处理和高压蒸汽处理。常压沸水处理的样品中挥发性成分的数量及含量较未加热的样品增加不明显。高压蒸汽热处理的两种样品中检测到的成分数量分别增加为加热前的2.6和2.8倍,总峰面积则分别增加为3.4与12.7倍。另外,虽然常压沸水处理的两个玉米汁中均检测到了玉米的特征香气成分二甲基硫醚,但高压蒸汽热处理的样品含量为前者的30倍与300倍。热处理引起的两种玉米汁挥发性成分的变化体现了二者对热处理的敏感程度不同,实际加工中应针对不同原料选择适宜的加热方法。本研究为玉米汁生产工艺的优化、风味品质的提高提供借鉴作用。 相似文献
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黄足黑守瓜是普通丝瓜生长过程中危害叶片的主要害虫。本文对普通丝瓜不同部位叶片挥发性成分、营养成分和物理结构对黄足黑守瓜取食和定位的影响进行了系统研究。本实验采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分析了普通丝瓜不同部位叶片挥发性成分,研究结果表明,嫩叶主要挥发性成分有（Z）-3-己烯-1-醇（27.65%）和植醇（45.77%）,成熟叶挥发性成分主要有（Z）-3-己烯-1-醇（49.34%）,老叶挥发性成分主要有植醇（63.25%）,且挥发性成分对黄足黑守瓜远距离定位起到了引导作用。同时,本研究还采用5点取样法、3,5-二硝基水杨酸法和考马斯亮蓝法分别研究了普通丝瓜不同部位叶片营养成分含量与黄足黑守瓜取食之间的关系,实验结果表明,黄足黑守瓜喜食植物叶片嫩叶部位,喜食部位叶片的总糖与还原糖含量、蛋白质含量都最高,且总糖含量与蛋白质含量比值最高。叶片物理结构调查采用石蜡切片法,发现叶片的物理结构对于黄足黑守瓜取食很少造成影响。通过研究,使我们充分地了解影响黄足黑守瓜取食不同部位叶片的因素,便于今后的育种和栽培过程中加强不利于黄足黑守瓜取食的因素,以达到安全、环保地进行农业生产的目的。 相似文献
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磷脂是肉类特征性风味的重要前体物质。鸡油具有浓郁的脂香和鸡汤香气，磷脂可能对其风味有重要作用。本文采用去除鸡油组织中的磷脂，以及在鸡油中添加磷脂等处理方法，结合顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术和感官评价方法研究经不同处理鸡油中的挥发性风味物质相对含量和风味的变化。结果表明添加了磷脂的鸡油，其特征性风味成分显著增加，特别是（E,E）-2,4-癸二烯醛和1-辛烯-3-酮分别增加了4.5倍和10.4倍；而去除磷脂鸡油的挥发性风味物质种类和丰度显著减少；感官评价结果也表明添加磷脂鸡油的风味最浓郁，而去除磷脂鸡油的风味最弱。因此，该研究证明鸡油组织中的磷脂对鸡油的风味具有重要的贡献作用，添加磷脂可显著增加鸡油的香气。该研究结果为浓香鸡油的开发提供理论依据和参考工艺。 相似文献
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The characteristic aroma-active compounds in raw and cooked pine-mushrooms (Tricholoma matsutake Sing.) were investigated by gas chromatography-olfactometry using aroma extract dilution analysis. 1-Octen-3-one (mushroom-like) was the major aroma-active compound in raw pine-mushrooms; this compound had the highest flavor dilution factor, followed by ethyl 2-methylbutyrate (floral and sweet), linalool (citrus-like), methional (boiled potato-like), 3-octanol (mushroom-like and buttery), 1-octen-3-ol (mushroom-like), (E)-2-octen-1-ol (mushroom-like), and 3-octanone (mushroom-like and buttery). By contrast, methional, 2-acetylthiazole (roasted), an unknown compound (chocolate-like), 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (buttery), and phenylacetaldehyde (floral and sweet), which could be formed by diverse thermal reactions during the cooking process, together with C8 compounds, were identified as the major aroma-active compounds in cooked pine-mushrooms. 相似文献
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The potent odorants of standardized, enzymatically hydrolyzed, and deoiled soybean lecithins were characterized systematically by combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and olfactometry. Sixty-one odorants were identified; 53 of these odor-active compounds have not previously been reported as odorants of soybean lecithin flavor. By aroma extract dilution analysis and modified combined hedonic and response measurement the following odorants showed the highest flavor dilution factors and CHARM values: (E,E)-2, 4-decadienal (deep-fried), (E)-beta-damascenone (apple-like), 2, 3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine (roasty, earthy), (E)-2-nonenal (cardboard-like), trans-4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal (metallic), 1-nonen-3-one (mushroom-like), 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine (roasty, earthy), and 1-octen-3-one (mushroom-like). Enzymatic hydrolysis intensified especially the roasty sensation of 2, 3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, whereas deoiling effected a general significant decrease in olfactory perception on the nitrogen-containing compounds. In addition, sensory profiles of nasal and retronasal lecithin odor were performed. 相似文献
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R G Buttery W J Orts G R Takeoka Y Nam 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1999,47(10):4353-4356
Volatiles were obtained from commercially prepared and laboratory-prepared rice cakes using high-flow dynamic headspace isolation with Tenax trapping. Analysis was carried out by capillary GC/MS. More than 60 compounds were identified. Major volatiles included 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, furfuryl alcohol, 2, 5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, pyrazine, hexanal, furfural, pentanol, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (acetoin), and ethyl-3, 6-dimethylpyrazine. Although not ideally applicable to a dry product, concentration/threshold ratios indicated that the compounds with a high probability of contributing to the aroma and flavor included 3-methylbutanal, dimethyl trisulfide, 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine, 4-vinylguaiacol, hexanal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, 2-methylbutanal, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, 1-octen-3-ol, and 1-octen-3-one. 相似文献
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Application of aroma extract dilution analysis on the volatiles obtained from dried cones of Spalter Select hops grown in the German hop-growing area of Hallertau revealed 23 odorants in the flavor dilution (FD) factor range of 16-4096, 20 of which could be identified. On the basis of high FD factors, trans-4, 5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal, linalool, and myrcene were identified as the most potent odorants, followed by ethyl 2-methylpropanoate, methyl 2-methylbutanoate, (Z)-1,5-octadien-3-one, nonanal, (E,Z)-1,3, 5-undecatriene, 1,3(E),5(Z),9-undecatetraene, propyl 2-methylbutanoate, 4-ethenyl-2-methoxyphenol, and 1-octen-3-one. Ten of the high-impact hop aroma compounds had previously not been identified as hop constituents and, in particular, 1,3(E),5(Z), 9-undecatetraene has not yet been reported as a food odorant. In an extract obtained from fresh hops, in addition to the odorants found in dry hops, (Z)-3-hexenal was characterized as a further key odorant rendering an additional green aroma note to the fresh material. 相似文献
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Using a dynamic headspace system with Tenax trap, GC-MS, GC-olfactometry (GC-O), and multivariate analysis, the aroma chemistry of six distinctly different rice flavor types (basmati, jasmine, two Korean japonica cultivars, black rice, and a nonaromatic rice) was analyzed. A total of 36 odorants from cooked samples were characterized by trained assessors. Twenty-five odorants had an intermediate or greater intensity (odor intensity >or= 3) and were considered to be major odor-active compounds. Their odor thresholds in air were determined using GC-O. 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) had the lowest odor threshold (0.02 ng/L) followed by 11 aldehydes (ranging from 0.09 to 3.1 ng/L), guaiacol (1.5 ng/L), and 1-octen-3-ol (2.7 ng/L). On the basis of odor thresholds and odor activity values (OAVs), the importance of each major odor-active compound was assessed. OAVs for 2-AP, hexanal, ( E)-2-nonenal, octanal, heptanal, and nonanal comprised >97% of the relative proportion of OAVs from each rice flavor type, even though the relative proportion varied among samples. Thirteen odor-active compounds [2-AP, hexanal, ( E)-2-nonenal, octanal, heptanal, nonanal, 1-octen-3-ol, ( E)-2-octenal, ( E, E)-2,4-nonadienal, 2-heptanone, ( E, E)-2,4-decadienal, decanal, and guaiacol] among the six flavor types were the primary compounds explaining the differences in aroma. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the individual rice flavor types could be separated and characterized using these compounds, which may be of potential use in rice-breeding programs focusing on flavor. 相似文献
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Pons M Dauphin B La Guerche S Pons A Lavigne-Cruege V Shinkaruk S Bunner D Richard T Monti JP Darriet P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(7):3264-3272
Analysis of wines from different grape varieties marked by sometimes intense aromatic nuances of fresh mushroom was performed by gas chromatography coupled with olfactometry. This analysis has led to the identification of several odoriferous zones, which were recalling a fresh mushroom odor. Two trace compounds responsible for these odoriferous zones, 1-nonen-3-one and 1-octen-3-one, have been identified and their content has been determined by using either a multidimensional gas chromatography technique coupled to olfactometry and mass spectrometry detection (in the case of 1-nonen-3-one) or the preparation of the derivative with O-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzylhydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of the deuterated form, as the internal standard (in the case of 1-octen-3-one), then gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detection. The assays allowed the quantification of these compounds at concentration levels sometimes well above their detection and recognition olfactory threshold. We show that adding nitrogen compounds to the altered wines, such as an amino acid (glycine) or a tripeptide (glutathione), led to lower concentrations of 1-octen-3-one in wines and diminished smell of fresh mushrooms. The study of the reaction in a model medium, whose composition is close to wine, by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry demonstrated the formation of adducts between 1-octen-3-one and glycine, and 1-octen-3-one and glutathione characterized by NMR. 相似文献
17.
The volatile compounds of fresh fruiting bodies of wild Polyporus sulfureus (Bull.:Fr.) Fr. growing on oak trees were isolated by continuous liquid-liquid extraction (CLLE) and investigated by high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HRGC-MS) on two GC columns of different polarity (DB-5 and ZB-WAX), and by gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). A total of 40 major volatile compounds from the young samples were identified and semiquantified. Five odorous compounds were determined to be responsible for the characteristic flavor of young Polyporus sulfureus: 1-octen-3-one, 1-octen-3-ol, 3-methylbutanoic acid, phenylethanol, and phenylacetic acid. Four volatiles investigated by GC-O and detected by GC-MS were determined as the characteristic odorants of aged species: 2-methylpropanoic acid, butanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, and phenylacetic acid. The comparative results revealed that the volatile composition of the fruiting bodies even from the same fungal species may greatly vary with its host, location, and age. 相似文献
18.
Y Karagül-Yüceer M A Drake K R Cadwallader 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2001,49(6):2948-2953
Application of aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) on the volatile components of low-, medium-, and high-heat-treated nonfat dry milks (NDM) revealed aroma-active compounds in the log(3) flavor dilution (log(3) FD) factor range of 1 to 6. The following compounds contributed the highest log(3) FD factors to overall NDM flavor: 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone [(Furaneol), burnt sugar-like]; butanoic acid (rancid); 3-(methylthio)propanal [(methional), boiled potato-like]; o-aminoacetophenone (grape-like); delta-decalactone (sweet); (E)-4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal (metallic); pentanoic acid (sweaty); 4,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone [(sotolon), curry]; 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde [(vanillin), vanilla]; 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and 2-acetyl-2-thiazoline (popcorn-like); hexanoic acid (vinegar-like); phenylacetic acid (rose-like); octanoic acid (waxy); nonanal (fatty); and 1-octen-3-one (mushroom-like). The odor intensities of Furaneol, butanoic acid, methional, o-aminoacetophenone, sotolon, vanillin, (E)-4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal, and phenylacetic acid were higher in high-heat-treated samples than others. However, the odor intensities of lactones, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, and 2-acetyl-2-thiazoline were not affected by heat treatment. Sensory evaluation results also revealed that heat-generated flavors have a major impact on the flavor profile of NDM. 相似文献
19.
By application of the aroma extract dilution analysis on an extract prepared from fresh grapefruit juice, 37 odor-active compounds were detected in the flavor dilution (FD) factor range of 4-256 and subsequently identified. Among them the highest odor activities (FD factors) were determined for ethyl butanoate, p-1-menthene-8-thiol, (Z)-3-hexenal, 4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal, 4-mercapto-4-methylpentane-2-one, 1-heptene-3-one, and wine lactone. Besides the 5 last mentioned compounds, a total of 13 further odorants were identified for the first time as flavor constituents of grapefruit. The data confirmed results of the literature on the significant contribution of 1-p-menthene-8-thiol in grapefruit aroma but clearly showed that a certain number of further odorants are necessary to elicit the typical grapefruit flavor. 相似文献