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颗粒成型燃料制造及其应用 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对木屑等原料采用内压滚动式成型机和相应工艺条件能连续稳定制造符合质量标准的颗粒成型燃料，生产能力达到２５０ｋｇ／ｈ。当颗粒成型燃料应用于家庭等取暖炉时，制造成型燃料具有较好的经济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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利用木屑、竹屑及玉米秸秆等生物质原料,采用棒状成型机将原料压缩为棒状成型燃料。试验测定了成型燃料的松弛密度、抗跌碎性、抗渗水性和吸湿性等物理特性参数。结果表明:生物质原料纤维排列形态对成型燃料的密度有影响,原料纤维形态结构排列整齐与零散结构相比,成型后成型燃料的密实度更好。生物质原料固定碳含量影响成型后成型燃料的表面颜色,固定碳含量低的生物质原料,成型后成型燃料的表面颜色较深。试验结果也表明了原料纤维形态和原料特性对成型燃料的抗跌碎性、抗渗水性及吸湿性均有重要影响。 相似文献
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再生木纤维制备成型颗粒燃料物理性能的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以废弃纤维板所制再生木纤维为原料，采用环模制粒机把原料压缩为成型颗粒燃料。通过试验测定了成型燃料的密度、抗跌碎性、抗渗水性和吸湿性等。结果表明：原料的纤维形态和特性对成型燃料的密度、耐久性有显著影响。实验中，再生木纤维所制颗粒燃料的密度均为1.21 g/cm3，略小于再生木刨花所制颗粒燃料密度；两种再生纤维形态成型后的跌碎率分别为0.36%和0.59%，吸水率相差不大，约为7.90%，与再生木刨花和贴面再生木刨花所制颗粒燃料相比，其抗跌碎性较好，但抗渗水性能略差；吸湿率为1.03%，抗吸湿性较好。纤维比表面积越大，纤维间填充度就越高，结合越紧密,其成型燃料的密度就越大，抗跌碎性也越好，但抗吸水性越差。 相似文献
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<正>生物质成型燃料是生物质能利用的一种重要途径,为了推动生物质成型燃料的产业化,很多学者针对生物质燃料的成型机进行了研究,比较典型的成型机有:螺旋挤压式成型机、压辊式成型机、活塞冲压式成型机。 相似文献
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以麦草制浆备料工段中产生的麦草废渣和制浆过程产生的制浆废液为原料,通过混合压缩成型工艺制备麦草废渣颗粒燃料,以期提高制浆造纸工业废弃物的利用价值。为探究制浆废液对生物质颗粒燃料成型的影响机制,参照麦草废渣组分,将粉末状商业纯纤维素和半纤维素在质量比10.17∶7.62下与制浆废液混合,制备生物质颗粒燃料模型,并通过曲线拟合建立生物质颗粒燃料预测模型,探究制浆废液中固形物含量对颗粒燃料成型性能及其物理性能的影响机制。结果表明：制浆废液可以提高燃料颗粒间的黏结力,有利于颗粒燃料成型,改善了麦草废渣颗粒燃料的物理性能。当制浆废液固形物含量为10.28%时,麦草废渣颗粒燃料显示出较好的物理性能,其抗渗水性为84.90%,压缩应力为1.45 MPa。生物质颗粒燃料预测模型对麦草废渣颗粒燃料物理性能的预测结果误差小于5%,显示出较高的预测精度。研究结果可为生物质颗粒燃料的制备技术提供理论参考,同时为制浆造纸工业废弃物的综合利用提供新思路。 相似文献
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生物质燃料致密成型方式的发展现状与展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了生物质燃料成型机主要成型方式,以及几种生物质成型机的工作方式并对其性能进行对比,针对现有的成型方式进行分析,将开式成型和闭式成型进行比较,并提出希望在未来成型机的设计中应多使用闭式成型方式,以及结合闭式成型的优势对生物质成型燃料的市场化提出一些见解。 相似文献
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针对道路运输企业营运车辆运行过程中燃油消耗状态难以监控的实际情况,本文设计了以单片机STC89C52为核心的车载油耗实时监测系统.提出监控系统的总体设计方案,搭建由电源处理模块、单片机主控模块、油耗数据采集模块、GPS定位模块、GPRS无线通信模块和数据存储模块构成的硬件系统,开发系统控制软件和上位机油耗管理软件.该车载油耗实时监测系统操作方便,成本较低,兼容性强,具有广阔的应用前景.能够对营运车辆行车过程中的实时耗油量进行统计分析,结合生产计划进行燃料供给管理工作,能够有效改善道路运输企业的燃油浪费现象,实现节能增效的目的. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):389-398
After a brief discussion of production functions as models for input/output relations in forest work operations, studies of the cost of machine use are reviewed. It is suggested that the fuel consumption of a forest machine can be used as a parameter for assessing the true, total cost of using a machine, exclusively the wage of the operator. Fuel then is not only an input but also represents all other cost items such as capital (depreciation, interest), repairs and maintenance. This has the advantage that all machines in a system can be aggregated and their costs assessed by an easily quantified parameter. Capital (in the form of machines) in production functions, through which the optimum mix of labour and machines for minimizing the cost per unit of production is determined, can be substituted by fuel. It is also suggested that fuel consumption can be used in management as an aggregate indicator in planning, control, remuneration of work and forecasting. 相似文献
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As forest fuel demand increases, new logistical solutions are needed. Most of the increase in use is expected to take place in large heat and power production units which set special requirements for the supply as both procurement volumes and transport distances increase. Biomass fuel terminals broaden the spectrum of available supply options by offering cost-effective large-scale biomass storage and processing options for securing the fuel supply in all conditions. This study aimed to study different costs of a satellite terminal and to produce important concept and cost information for developing forest fuel logistics based on future terminals. The figures indicate that terminals do not create direct cost benefits per se: direct supply chains are more economical compared to supply through terminals. However, there are several indirect benefits that can be reached via fuel supply through terminals: regional fuel procurement can be widened to a national scale, security of supply increases through easily available storages, large supply volumes can be delivered by an individual operator, prices remain more stable and a more even quality of delivered fuel can be achieved. 相似文献
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The study determined the productivity, fuel consumption and product quality obtained with a new tractor OWered drum chipper, designed to reduce the gap between industrial chippers and small-scale chippers. The machine as tested with poplar logs and beech slabs, considered as representative of the raw material commonly used for ergy wood production. After accounting for accessory work and delays, productivity of green chips ranged between and 6 tons per scheduled machine hour, which was very good for a tractor-powered unit. Specific fuel consumption f oven-dry chips varied between 2.5 and 3.0 L per ton, or 0.6 L per m_3. These figures compared favourably with those btained from previous studies of both smaller and bigger chippers. Chip quality was very good. Samples contained no versize particles, qualifying for use in small-scale plants. The average size of beech chips was significantly larger than r poplar chips, possibly due to the higher strength of beech wood. 相似文献
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This research uses the Contingent Valuation Method to test whether willingness to pay increases for larger reductions in acres of forests burned by wildfires across the states of California, Florida and Montana. This is known as a test of scope, a measure of internal validity of the contingent valuation method (CVM). The scope test is conducted separately for White households and Hispanic households to determine if cultural differences influences whether the scope test is passed. The public program to reduce acres burned involved prescribed burning and a mechanical fuel reduction program. The results of CVM logit regressions show that the acreage reduction variable is statistically significant at the 1% level for the two proposed fuel reduction programs, and the two types of households. The positive sign of this variable means that the more acreage reduction proposed in the survey the more likely people would pay for the fuel reduction program. Because of the significance of the acreage reduction variable in the willingness to pay function, this function can be used to evaluate the incremental benefits of different forest fire management plans that reduce acres burned by wildfires. These benefits would be part of the justification for prescribed burning and mechanical fire fuel reduction programs to protect forests from wildfires. 相似文献
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采用创新理念设计制造出GSR800型固化生物质燃料成型机。该机结构设计合理,能耗低,使用寿命长,更新维修简便,生产的固化生物质燃料质量优异。在借鉴传统环模结构的基础上,该机采用了行星轮系结构、迷宫结构等创新性设计,其与国内外同类机型相比具有许多优势。 相似文献
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Josh M. McDaniel 《Small-Scale Forestry》2003,2(3):327-341
Initiatives promoting community forestry in South America have significantly increased over the past decade. Many of these
efforts have concentrated on indigenous lands where a large proportion of commercially valuable forests are located. One such
project, among the Chiquitano Indians of Lomerio in southeast Bolivia, is examined here. Interviews with Chiquitano leaders,
NGO and development organisation workers, and forest and sawmill workers, as well as ethnographic research in Chiquitano communities,
are used to describe problems faced by the project in establishing forest management activities, organizing labour, administration,
paying wages and distributing benefits. The author argues that many of the problems that the Lomerio project is experiencing
can be traced to fundamental conflicts between Chiquitano culture and the values that necessarily accompany market-based development
efforts such as community forestry. The research suggests that the key to success in Lomerio will lie in moulding the organisation
of the project in ways that reflect Chiquitano patterns of work and production, and reconciling the demands of market economics
with the values of reciprocation that permeate life in Chiquitano communities. 相似文献
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通过伊春林区贮木场原木生产线机械使用情况的调查,研究了该林区原木生产线产量级、各工序机械能力利用系数和权均利用系数,并依此对原木生产线机械利用情况进行了分析。文中又以原木生产线工序机械能力损失最小为目标,研究了该林区的7种机械组合型式和17个方案。对龙门起重机输送机组成的原木生产线(LmiS_i-Y)的各方案进行了分析比较,获得了最佳的组合方案。 相似文献
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本文应用层次分析法对机械过坝、船闸过坝、水筏道过坝等几种主要的木材过坝方式进行综合分析,结果表明船闸过坝方式的综合效益最佳,为决策者提供决策依据. 相似文献