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研究燕麦和小黑麦种子萌发和幼苗生长对不同浓度盐胁迫的反应。结果表明:燕麦和小黑麦的种子发芽率、芽长和根长随盐浓度增加而降低,而且盐胁迫对小黑麦发芽率的影响大于对燕麦的影响。与对照相比,当盐浓度为0.0%、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%、1.2%、1.6%和2.0%时,燕麦种子发芽率分别为76%、81%、73%、79%、71%、69%、53%、38%和26%,小黑麦种子发芽率分别为85%、79%、51%、47%、33%、29%、1%、0%和0%。通过回归分析,燕麦种子发芽率和根长忍受极限盐浓度分别为3.13%和1.62%,小黑麦种子发芽率和根长忍受极限盐浓度分别为1.82%和1.59%。此值对盐碱地筛选燕麦和小黑麦品种具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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2月份,国际饲料价格豆粕、豆粉、棉籽饼和苜蓿粉价格下降,其他饲料价格均持续上涨;畜产品市场价格除牛奶和羊羔肉下降外,其他畜产品价格持续上涨。一、国际饲料价格豆粕、豆粉、棉籽饼和苜蓿粉价格下降,其他饲料价格均持续上涨2月份,豆粕、豆粉、棉籽饼和苜蓿粉的平均价格分别为472.41、436.78、468.28和304.96 USD·t?1,环比分别下降3.45%、3.35%、4.10%和0.001%。玉米、大豆、高粱和菜籽的价格分别为216.35、507.57、246.64和573.21 USD·t?1,环比分别上涨6.17%、0.49%、2.78%和11.39%。 相似文献
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饲粮钙、磷水平对泌乳期伊犁母马营养物质消化代谢和血浆生理生化指标的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在探讨饲粮钙、磷水平对泌乳期伊犁母马体重、胸围、营养物质表观消化率和代谢以及血浆生理生化指标的影响,为确定泌乳期伊犁母马钙、磷适宜需要量提供参考。选取年龄(11~14周岁)、体重[(371±21)kg]和胎次(4~6胎)接近的处于第2泌乳月的伊犁母马25匹,随机分为5组,每组5匹。第3泌乳月Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组母马钙饲喂水平分别为45.03、48.50、51.96、55.43和58.89 g/d,磷饲喂水平分别为30.05、32.03、34.01、35.99和37.97 g/d;第4和第5泌乳月Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组母马钙饲喂水平分别为43.60、46.42、49.25、52.07和54.92 g/d,磷饲喂水平分别为27.63、29.24、30.86、32.47和34.12 g/d。试验为期90 d,每30 d为1个试验周期。结果显示:饲粮钙、磷水平对母马体重和胸围以及干物质、有机物和中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率均无显著影响(P0.05)。Ⅴ组的粗蛋白质表观消化率最高,分别比Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组提高12.26%、12.37%和18.28%(P0.05);Ⅰ组的总能表观消化率最高,分别比Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组提高8.32%、7.19%和11.24%(P0.05);Ⅰ和Ⅲ组的钙表观消化率分别较Ⅳ组提高17.74%和14.49%(P0.05);Ⅲ组的磷表观消化率最高,比Ⅱ组提高35.39%(P0.05)。饲粮钙、磷水平对母马氮和钙代谢均无显著影响(P0.05)。Ⅰ组的代谢能较Ⅱ和Ⅳ组分别增加7.95%和11.33%(P0.05);Ⅰ组的能量沉积率较Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组分别提高9.30%、8.50%和12.10%(P0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅴ组的磷沉积量显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05),其中Ⅲ组在各组中最高,比Ⅱ组提高42.59%;Ⅰ和Ⅲ组的磷沉积率显著高于Ⅱ和Ⅳ组(P0.05),其中Ⅰ组在各组中最高,分别比Ⅱ和Ⅳ组提高49.67%和46.32%;Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅴ组的磷利用率显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05),分别比Ⅱ组提高17.74%、18.80%和16.79%。饲粮钙、磷水平对血浆中离子钙、磷、降钙素、骨钙素、胎盘催乳素、垂体泌乳素、雌二醇、孕酮和雌酮水平均无显著影响(P0.05)。Ⅲ组的血浆中甲状旁腺素水平显著高于Ⅳ和Ⅴ组(P0.05),分别提高70.61%和47.58%。由此得出,Ⅰ组饲粮(在第3泌乳月钙、磷饲喂水平分别为45.03和30.05 g/d,第4和第5泌乳月钙、磷饲喂水平分别为43.60和27.63 g/d)即可满足伊犁母马泌乳期的钙、磷需要。适宜的饲粮钙、磷水平有助于维持较高水平的能量和钙的表观消化率以及能量和磷的沉积和利用。 相似文献
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2015年山东省肉鸡饲料原料中重金属污染情况调查及风险评估 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验旨在调查2015年山东省肉鸡饲料原料中砷、铅、镉、铬和汞元素的污染情况,评估饲料原料的污染风险。试验收集烟台市莱阳、威海市文登、青岛市莱西、潍坊市诸城、日照市莒县、临沂市沂水、德州市夏津等地不同饲料生产厂家使用的8种饲料原料,包括玉米、豆粕、麸皮、花生粕、棉籽粕、玉米蛋白粉、干酒糟及其可溶物( DDGS)和微量元素预混料,应用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法( ICP-AES)检测镉、铅和铬元素的含量,应用原子荧光光谱法( AFS)检测砷和汞元素的含量,计算检出率、平均含量、超标率、最高含量与平均含量比值( HC/AC)和离散系数。结果表明：饲料原料中砷、铅、镉、铬和汞元素的检出率分别为32.29%、7.29%、12.50%、100.00%和100.00%;阳性样品中平均含量分别为0.21、1.27、2.12、3.48和0.02 mg/kg,超标率分别为0.00、1.04%、1.19%、54.76%和9.52%;微量元素预混料中砷、铅和镉元素,棉籽粕中铬元素及花生粕中汞元素的HC/AC最大,微量元素预混料中镉元素、花生粕中汞元素、豆粕中砷元素及棉籽粕中铅和铬元素离散系数最大。综上所述,肉鸡饲料原料中铬和汞元素污染严重;微量元素预混料中砷、镉、铬和铅元素、棉籽粕中铬和铅元素、花生粕和豆粕中汞元素易出现严重污染,因此建议制定预混料和饼粕类饲料中多种重金属元素的限量标准。 相似文献
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为了解肉鸡和蛋鸡配合饲料产品的稳定性，本研究采用肉鸡育雏期、生长期、育肥期以及蛋鸡育雏期、育成期和产蛋期配合饲料中粗蛋白质、钙和磷3个营养分析值检测结果(分别由国内肉鸡一条龙生产企业和蛋鸡饲料生产企业提供)，通过频率分布图分析饲料中粗蛋白质、钙和磷分析值的频率分布、平均值和标准差，以及变异系数、置信区间。结果表明：肉鸡育雏期、生长期和育肥期配合饲料粗蛋白质含量的变异系数分别为2.1%、2.7%和3.06%，钙含量的变异系数分别为5.88%、5.42%和7.93%，磷变异系数分别为6.16%、5.68%和6.06%；蛋鸡育雏期、育成期和产蛋期配合饲料粗蛋白质含量的变异系数分别为5.44%、3.59%和3.09%，钙含量的变异系数分别为9.31%、14.0%和12.0%，磷变异系数分别为11.72%、13.72%和10.62%；肉鸡和蛋鸡配合饲料均有不同程度超出95%和99%置信区间的情况，但蛋鸡超出95%或99%置信区间比例更多。可见，采用频率分布图可以直观了解肉鸡和蛋鸡配合饲料产品养分分析值分布区域以及超过限度的情况，即可以直观了解企业产品的稳定性。 相似文献
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<正>2015年2月受春节节日效应的影响,部分畜产品和饲料价格上涨,尤其是在春节前后价格达到最高。与去年同期相比,猪肉、鸡肉、鸡蛋、玉米和大豆分别上涨9.54%、11.61%、14.24%、0.50%和1.68%;牛肉、羊肉、豆粕和棉粕分别下降1.48%、7.93%、21.12%和11.35%。一、畜产品整体价格波动幅度较小,牛肉、羊肉和鸡蛋价格小幅度上涨,猪肉和鸡肉价格小幅度下降2月份牛肉、羊肉和鸡肉价格分别为55.05、52.18和16.38元·kg-1,环比分别上涨0.25%、1.43%和 相似文献
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1.农作物秸秆、秕壳:我国每年的秸秆与秕壳产量十分巨大.这类饲料主要包括水稻秸秆和秕壳、小麦秸秆和秕壳、玉米秸秆和玉米芯、高粱秸秆和秕壳、谷子秸秆和秕壳、大豆秸秆和荚壳、薯干、薯秧、花生蔓等. 相似文献
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长期保护性耕作对黄土高原旱地土壤物理质量的影响 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10
本研究通过设置在陇中黄土高原半干旱区的小麦→豌豆和豌豆→小麦轮作系统的长期定位试验,探讨了不同耕作方式对耕层土壤物理质量的影响。6种耕作方式包括:传统耕作(T)、免耕(NT)、传统耕作秸秆还田(TS)、免耕秸秆覆盖(NTS)、传统耕作地膜覆盖(TP)和免耕地膜覆盖(NTP)。结果表明,不同耕作方式下耕层土壤容重、孔隙度、坚实度和饱和含水量差异显著,团粒结构、有效水分、水分利用率和饱和导水率差异极显著,耕作方式对土壤温度和田间持水量的影响不明显。通过加乘法则和加权综合法2种模型评价了不同耕作方式下土壤物理质量,P→W(豌豆→小麦)轮作序列下表现为NTS>NTP>NT>TS>T(TP)>TP(T),W→P(小麦→豌豆)轮作序列下表现为NTS>NTP>TS>NT>TP>T,说明免耕的基础上进行秸秆覆盖,有助于形成良好的土壤结构,提高土壤入渗,减少土壤侵蚀,促进土壤物理质量提高。 相似文献
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嘉兴平原桑园土壤分类及肥力的调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选择浙北嘉兴平原桑园代表性土壤，进行调查，研究其成因、分类及特性，并对高低产桑园土壤的理化性状进行化验分析，明确了嘉兴平原桑园土壤是历史上由人工堆迭而成，在分类系统上归属于潮湿土纲、正常潮湿土亚纲、潮土土类、暗潮土亚类、堆迭土土属，又分为粘质堆迭土、壤质堆迭土、粉质堆迭土３个土种。在统计众多土壤理化性状数据的基础上，暂拟本区高产桑园土壤１６项理化性状，作为本地区桑园地力建设的参考。 相似文献
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Emily D Levine 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2008,38(5):1065-1079
Anxieties and fears play a large role in some of the more common feline behavior problems. The interaction between emotions and stress is complex but pertinent to the field of veterinary medicine, given the physical and emotional consequences of stress in animals. By thinking of behavior "problems" from the perspective of the animal's emotional state, treatment plans can be implemented to reduce the states of anxiety and fears and safeguard against the physical consequences of a prolonged stress response. 相似文献
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V. Wensley Koch 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2009,4(5):198-202
American society is becoming increasingly interested in issues of animal welfare, and the public generally recognizes the need for guidance from experts in the field. Assessing an animal's welfare status requires a determination of the state of both its physical and its psychological well-being. American veterinarians are well trained to assess the physical state of most animals, but they do not receive equivalent training in assessing an animal's psychological state. Therefore, the recognized expertise of the American veterinary profession currently lies only in answering physical welfare questions, not in assessing the psychological (or societal) aspects of animal welfare issues. If American veterinarians wish to be seen as animal welfare experts, then it is critical for the profession to educate its members in assessing the psychological state of animals. Also, if the American Veterinary Medical Association wishes to be considered a leader in the field of animal welfare, it must partner with organizations with expertise in pertinent areas outside of the veterinary medical field to develop appropriate guidelines for American society, including the development of a widely accepted system for defining and determining overall animal welfare. If American veterinarians actively work to improve our strengths and combine them with those of experts in other fields, we can overcome our limitations as animal welfare experts and achieve wider acceptance as an important force for improving animal welfare. 相似文献
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奶牛分娩后其生理代谢发生巨大变化,由于体能的消耗,其抗病力也相对较低,若产后护理不当容易出现代谢性疾病。本文通过实地走访、座谈方式对沂水县奶牛产后代谢病进行调查,对当地奶牛产后代谢疾病的发病率、易发牛群和发病症状进行总结,并从分娩时体能损耗、运动量、饲喂方式、营养搭配、应激和病理因素分析沂水县奶牛产后代谢病的发病原因,提出科学分娩与接产、适量运动、合理搭配日粮、定时定量饲喂、预防应激、做好产后护理等措施,促进奶牛产后体能和体质恢复,为减少产后代谢病发生提供参考依据。 相似文献
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运用文献资料、专家访谈、实地调查和逻辑分析等方法，在对重庆市各高校体育教育、教学环境条件以及重庆市所特有的人文地理环境、少数民族体育文化资源进行实地考察和分析的基础上，提出重庆市高校体育的开发与发展应与民族传统体育相结合，以构建独具特色的重庆市体育文化通道。并以此为契机更好地开发整个西部地区民族传统体育文化，使我国民族传统体育文化在现代体育教育中得到更好的传承与发展。 相似文献
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Parkinson TJ 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2004,168(3):407-229
The potential fertility of bulls can be evaluated in the field by assessment of mating ability and physical examination. Both methods are useful for screening out low fertility bulls, although neither allows precise determination of the pregnancy rates that bulls actually achieve. Observations of coitus, libido testing and service capacity testing are the main methods of assessing mating ability in the field and, although not reliable for virgin bulls, are widely used for older bulls. Of the traits that are assessed during physical examination, those most closely correlated with fertility are scrotal circumference and the semen quality parameters of motility and morphology. Whilst these methods allow reasonable accuracy in determining the fertility potential of an individual bull, they do not take into account other managemental constraint to bulls' fertility. Although these are reasonable well understood for beef herds, the managemental factors that affect the performance of natural service sires in dairy herds are poorly understood. 相似文献
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Despite the availability of commercial tissue equivalent bolus material, wet gauze has an application in radiation therapy to provide superior conformance to irregular contours. Wet gauze bolus has the potential to reduce air gaps between the bolus and surface, which could decrease surface dose if sufficiently large to disrupt electronic equilibrium. Wet gauze bolus is often fabricated and wetness judged qualitatively. We assessed the effect of specific gauze wetness levels, quantified in terms of physical density, at various field sizes with respect to their effectiveness as bolus material compared with Superflab® . For large fields, >7 × 7 cm2 in this study, wet gauze sponges with a physical density of 1.02 g/cm3 performed essentially identical to Superflab® ; at a smaller field size the wet gauze was slightly less effective, likely due to the heterogeneity of the gauze-water matrix. Gauze that was wetter, with a physical density of 1.2 g/cm3 , or less wet, with a physical density of 0.75 g/cm3 was not as effective either due to enhanced photon absorption in the wetter sponges, or less effective establishment of electronic equilibrium in the less wet sponges. The presence of an air gap under Superflab® led to reduced surface dose, especially for small fields and large air gaps. Thus, if Superflab® use leads to poor contact with the skin, wet gauze having a physical density of 1.02 g/cm3 can be used as a substitute. Judging the water content of wet gauze subjectively is not acceptable as over- or under wetness can lead to decreased effectiveness of the bolus material. 相似文献