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日粮铜来源及水平对肉鸡肝损伤的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本研究旨在探讨日粮铜来源及水平对肉鸡肝铜沉积及其组织病理学变化的影响.288只1日龄肉鸡随机分为8组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只鸡.选用硫酸铜、蛋氨酸铜作为试验铜源,每种铜源均设4个水平,分为对照口粮(Cu 11 mg/kg)和高铜日粮(Cu 110 mg/kg;Cu 220 mg/kg;Cu 330 mg/kg).试验期60 d,并于12、36和60日龄采血,测定血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的活性,60日龄取肝脏,测定肝铜沉积最并观察肝损伤情况.结果表明:2种来源口粮铜组随着铜水平的增加,肝铜沉积量存在普遍升高的趋势,当日粮铜水平达到330 mg/kg时,除12日龄蛋氨酸铜组外,其他各组肝铜沉积量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),并具有时间依赖性;铜源之间比较,除11 mg/kg铜水平(对照组)外,在肉鸡36和60日龄时,硫酸铜各组肉鸡肝铜沉积量要低于相应的蛋氨酸铜组(P<0.05).随着日粮铜水平和日龄的增加,血清ALT和AST活性大部分呈现升高趋势,与对照组比较,220和330 mg/kg日粮铜均可显著提高肉鸡36和60日龄血清ALT、AST活性(P<0.05).铜源之间比较,在肉鸡36和60日龄时,330 mg/kg蛋氨酸铜组的肉鸡血清ALT和AST活性显著高于330 mg/kg硫酸铜组(P<0.05).60日龄时,高水平日粮铜可造成肝细胞肿胀、胞浆内颗粒变性、肝细胞索和肝窦结构模糊等组织病理变化,在电子显微镜下则可见到胞浆内吞饮空泡增多、线粒体膜模糊和形态不规则,胞浆和核内出现电子密度沉积体等病理学损伤.结果提示:高铜日粮可增加肉鸡肝铜沉积,肝功能受到抑制,并导致肝脏出现不同程度的病理学损伤,相同添加水平的蛋氨酸铜比硫酸铜可导致更多的肝铜沉积,也相应地出现肝功能下降及组织病理学损伤. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮铜添加水平对5～8周龄泰和乌骨鸡生产性能及组织黑色素含量的影响。选用29日龄泰和乌骨鸡270只,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复15只鸡。试验鸡饲喂在基础饲粮(铜含量为4.77 mg/kg)中分别添加0、5、15、30、60、125 mg/kg铜的饲粮,饲养至56日龄。结果表明:饲粮添加适量铜可显著影响5～8周龄泰和乌骨鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比(P<0.05),且在30 mg/kg时生产性能达到最佳。饲粮添加适量铜可显著或极显著影响血清、肝脏、肾脏、皮肤及肌肉的黑色素含量及酪氨酸酶活性(P<0.05或P<0.01),并呈现出随饲粮铜添加水平的提高先升后降的趋势。当饲粮铜添加水平为30 mg/kg时,血清和组织酪氨酸酶活性及组织黑色素含量达到峰值。由此可知,玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中添加铜可提高生产性能和组织黑色素含量,其适宜添加水平为30 mg/kg。 相似文献
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43～63日龄黄羽肉公鸡铜需要量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究旨在通过研究饲粮铜添加水平对黄羽肉公鸡生长性能、抗氧化性能、肝脏和血清铜含量等的影响,以探讨43~63日龄黄羽肉公鸡铜的需要量。选用43日龄健康、发育良好的快大型岭南黄羽肉公鸡900只,根据体重随机分为6个组,每组6个重复,每个重复25只鸡,组1(对照组)为基础饲粮组(铜水平为2.74 mg/kg),组2~6饲粮在基础饲粮中分别添加4、8、16、32、64 mg/kg铜。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,16和32 mg/kg铜组显著提高试鸡末重、平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),饲粮中铜添加水平对料重比无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,16和32 mg/kg铜组血清铜锌-超氧化物歧化酶(Cu Zn-SOD)活性显著升高(P<0.05),32和64 mg/kg铜组肝脏Cu Zn-SOD活性显著升高(P<0.05),饲粮铜添加水平对胸肌中Cu ZnSOD活性无显著影响(P>0.05);饲粮添加32和64 mg/kg铜显著降低了胸肌丙二醛(M DA)含量(P<0.05),各组间血清和肝脏MDA含量均无显著差异(P>0.05);添加16、32、64 mg/kg铜显著降低了血清铜蓝蛋白活性(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,8、16 mg/kg铜组肝脏铜含量显著降低(P<0.05),铜添加水平对血清铜含量和肝脏金属硫蛋白含量影响不显著(P>0.05)。综合考虑各项指标,为获得较好生长性能和抗氧化性能,43~63日龄黄羽肉公鸡饲粮铜适宜添加水平分别为16和32 mg/kg,加上基础饲粮铜水平为2.74 mg/kg,则该阶段黄羽肉公鸡铜需要量分别为18.74和34.74 mg/kg;以生长性能和肝脏Cu Zn-SOD活性为依据,通过折线回归分析估测得到43~63日龄黄羽肉公鸡铜需要量分别为19.94和38.34 mg/kg。 相似文献
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选择1日龄健康AA肉仔鸡120只,随机分成4组,使用蛋氨酸铜作为铜源,对照组基础日粮铜含量为11 mg/kg,3个试验组日粮中铜含量分别为110 mg/kg、220 mg/kg和330 mg/kg,各试验组肉仔鸡均饲喂添加蛋氨酸铜的玉米一豆饼型日粮至60日龄结束试验.在12,24,36,48,60日龄称量各组鸡体重并计算出36,60日龄时的料肉比;在12,36,60日龄采血,进行红细胞数、血红蛋白含量及血清GH、T3、T4水平的测定.结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮中含铜110 mg/kg、220 mg/kg和330 mg/kg对雏鸡生长有明显的促进作用(P<0.05),料肉比稍有提高,但与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);血液红细胞数和血红蛋白含量都在正常范围内,没有出现异常减少;高铜(110 mg/kg、220 mg/kg和330 mg/kg)组鸡血清GH水平均低于对照组,而T3、T4浓度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05).结果说明高铜可促进肉鸡生长,影响血清中与生长有关的激素水平. 相似文献
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肉仔鸡铜需要量的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
为研究肉仔鸡对铜的需要量,进行了此试验。试验采用三重复二因子试验设计,研究不同性别、不同生长发育阶段肉仔鸡对铜的需要量。试验用1日龄AA肉仔鸡396只,公母各半,按体重等级随机分组,每组11只,共36组。采用玉米—豆饼型基础日粮,试验期共8周,分3个阶段进行;各阶段日粮中铜(mg/kg)、代谢能(MJ/kg)、粗蛋白质(％)的含量如下:1～2周,4.57、13.08、20.41;3～6用,4.29、13.25、19004;7～8周,3.99、13.42、17.57。以硫酸铜为外加铜源,补铜水平分别为0.2、4、6、8mg/kg。试验结果表明:根据最洼生产性能反应组,公、母肉仔鸡3个生长发育阶段对铜的需要量分别为(mg/kg,以日粮含铜浓度表示,下同):8.57和8.57,8.29和8.29,5.99和11.99;以组织铜浓度为评价指标,得到3个生长发育阶段公、母肉仔鸡日粮铜的适宜量分别为(mg/kg),8～9和8～10,8～10和8～10,8～11和9～11;以体铜沉积率为评价指标,得到的需要量分别为(mg/kg):6.57和8.57,8.29和8.29,11.99和9.99。综合分析各指标得到的数据可知,不同生长发育阶段公、母肉仔鸡对铜的需要量基本一致。根据本试验结果,推荐铜给量分别为:1～2周,9mg/kg:3～6周,9 mg/kg:7～8周,10mg/kg。 相似文献
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选择1日龄健康AA肉仔鸡120只,随机分成4组,使用蛋氨酸铜作为铜源,对照组基础日粮铜含量为11 mg/kg,3个试验组日粮中铜含量分别为110 mg/kg、220 mg/kg和330 mg/kg,各试验组肉仔鸡均饲喂添加蛋氨酸铜的玉米-豆饼型日粮至60日龄结束试验.在12,24,36,48,60日龄称量各组鸡体重并计算出36,60日龄时的料肉比;在12,36,60日龄采血,进行红细胞数、血红蛋白含量及血清GH、T3、T4水平的测定.结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮中含铜110 mg/kg、220 mg/kg和330 mg/kg对雏鸡生长有明显的促进作用(P＜0.05),料肉比稍有提高,但与对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05);血液红细胞数和血红蛋白含量都在正常范围内,没有出现异常减少;高铜(110 ms/kg、220 ms/kg和330 ms/kg)组鸡血清GH水平均低于对照组,而T3、T4浓度均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结果说明高铜可促进肉鸡生长,影响血清中与生长有关的激素水平. 相似文献
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Copper status of ewes fed increasing amounts of copper from copper sulfate or copper proteinate 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
The Cu status of mature, crossbred ewes fed two sources (CuSO4 vs. Cu proteinate) and three levels (10, 20, or 30 mg/kg) of dietary Cu was determined in a 73-d feeding trial. Ewes (n = 30) were fed a basal diet containing rice meal feed, cottonseed hulls, cottonseed meal, meat and bone meal, cracked corn, and vitamin-mineral supplements at 2.5% of BW to meet NRC requirements for protein, energy, macrominerals, and microminerals, excluding Cu. The basal diet contained 5 mg/kg Cu, 113 mg/kg Fe, .1 mg/kg Mo, and .17% S. Copper sulfate or Cu proteinate was added to the basal diet to supply 10, 20, or 30 mg/kg of dietary copper in a 2x3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Ewes were housed in 3.7- x 9.1-m pens in an open-sided barn. Blood samples were collected on d 28 and 73. Ewes were slaughtered on d 74, and liver and other tissues were collected to determine Cu concentrations. An interaction (P = .08) occurred between source and level for liver Cu. The interaction existed due to an increase in liver Cu concentrations when ewes were fed increasing dietary Cu from CuSO4 but not when fed Cu proteinate diets. There was no source x level interaction (P>.10) for the blood constituents measured. On d 73, plasma ceruloplasmin activity was greater (P<.05) in ewes fed Cu proteinate than in those fed CuSO4 (33.1 vs. 26.8 microM x min(-1) x L(-1)). Increasing the concentration of dietary Cu did not affect (P>.10) plasma ceruloplasmin. Packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count, whole blood hemoglobin (wHb), plasma hemoglobin, and plasma Cu were similar between sources of Cu. Ewes fed 20 mg/kg Cu had lower (P<.05) PCV, RBC, and wHb than those fed 10 or 30 mg/kg Cu diets. Feeding up to 30 mg/kg Cu from these sources did not cause an observable Cu toxicity during the 73-d period. 相似文献
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Bovine copper deficiency: use of copper oxide needles 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
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Copper deficiency is common in pasture-fed cattle in New Zealand(1). In general, the diagnosis of copper deficiency in a herd of cattle is based on a combination of history, examination of animals, examination of the environment, chemical analysis of blood, liver or pasture, and treatment response trials. The laboratory diagnosis of copper deficiency is currently based on liver and either plasma or serum concentrations of copper. Ellison(2) reviewed the copper reference range for cattle used by the animal health laboratories in New Zealand and concluded that there is strong agreement in the literature that serum copper concentrations greater than 7.9 𝛍mol/l and liver copper concentrations greater than 95 𝛍mol/kg are adequate for young cattle. Furthermore, it has been reported that if copper concentrations in the liver are greater than 150–200 𝛍mol/kg wet weight, there is a negligible increase in serum copper as liver concentrations increase further(2), with individual animal variation accounting for the range of values in serum copper at this point (7.9–18 𝛍mol/l). 相似文献
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Seguin MA Bunch SE 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2001,218(10):1593-7, 1580
A 9-year-old Bedlington Terrier was evaluated because of weight loss, inappetence, and hematemesis. Copper storage disease had been diagnosed previously on the basis of high hepatic copper concentration. Treatment had included dietary copper restriction and administration of trientine for chelation of copper. A CBC revealed microcytic hypochromic anemia. High serum activities of liver enzymes, high bile acid concentrations, and low BUN and albumin concentrations were detected. Vomiting resolved temporarily with treatment, but the clinicopathologic abnormalities persisted. Results of transcolonic portal scintigraphy suggested an abnormal shunt fraction. Results of liver biopsy and copper quantification revealed glycogen accumulation and extremely low hepatic copper concentration. Serum and hair copper concentrations were also low. Chelation and dietary copper restriction were tapered and discontinued. Clinical signs and all clinicopathologic abnormalities improved during a period of several months. 相似文献
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Arthington JD 《Journal of animal science》2005,83(12):2894-2900
Two experiments were conducted to study effects of high-level Cu supplementation on measures of Cu status and forage utilization in beef cattle. In Exp. 1, eight steers randomly received an intraruminal bolus containing 12.5 g of CuO needles (n = 4) or no bolus (n = 4). Steers were individually offered free-choice ground limpograss (Hemarthria altissima) hay. On d 12 (Period 1) and d 33 (Period 2) steers were placed in metabolism crates, and total forage refused and feces produced were collected for 7 d. Daily samples of forage offered and refused and of feces excreted for each steer within period were analyzed for DM, ash, NDF, ADF, and CP. Liver biopsies were collected on d 0, 12, and 33. Copper oxide bolus administration resulted in greater (P < 0.03) liver Cu (DM basis) accumulation in Period 1 (556 vs. 296 mg/kg) and Period 2 (640 vs. 327 ppm). Apparent digestibilities of NDF and CP were greater (P < 0.04) for steers receiving no bolus in Period 2 (62.2 vs. 57.1% and 50.2 vs. 43.4% for NDF and CP digestibility, respectively). In Exp. 2, 24 crossbred heifers were assigned to individual pens and received a molasses-cottonseed meal supplement fortified with 0, 15, 60, or 120 ppm of supplemental Cu (Cu sulfate; six pens per treatment). All heifers were offered free-choice access to ground stargrass (Cynodon spp.) hay. Heifer BW and liver biopsies were collected on d 0, 42, and 84. Forage refusal was determined daily, and diet DM digestibility was estimated over a 21-d period beginning on d 42. Heifers consuming 120 ppm of supplemental Cu gained less (P < 0.05; 0.04 kg/d) than heifers consuming 15 (0.19 kg/d) and 60 ppm of Cu (0.22 kg/d), but their ADG did not differ from that by heifers consuming no supplemental Cu (0.14 kg/d; pooled SEM = 0.07). Heifers supplemented with 15 ppm of Cu had greater (P < 0.05) liver Cu concentrations on d 84 than those on the 0-ppm treatment and the high-Cu treatments (60 and 120 ppm). Forage intake was less (P = 0.07) by heifers receiving no supplemental Cu than by heifers on all other treatments (6.6 vs. 5.8 +/- 0.37 kg/d). Apparent forage digestibility was not affected by Cu treatment. These data suggest that high rates of Cu supplementation (Cu sulfate; > 60 ppm of total Cu) resulted in less liver Cu accumulation by beef heifers compared with heifers consuming diets supplemented with moderate dietary Cu concentrations (i.e., 15 ppm). As well, the administration of CuO boluses might depress the digestibility of forage nutrient fractions in steers. 相似文献
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Comparison of copper heptonate with copper oxide wire particles as copper supplements for sheep on pasture of high molybdenum content 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of intramuscular injection of copper heptonate (CuHep) and an oral dose of copper oxide wire particles (COWP) in preventing Cu inadequacy in adult and young sheep on pasture of high Mo content. DESIGN: Field experiments with flocks of mature Merino wethers and crossbred weaners. PROCEDURE: Adult wethers were given 25 or 37.5 mg Cu as CuHep, 2.5 g COWP or no Cu treatment. The weaners were given 12.5 or 25 mg Cu as CuHep, 1.25 g COWP or no Cu treatment. At intervals over the next 12 (adults) or 8 (weaners) months the sheep were weighed and samples of blood and liver were collected for trace element assay. Wool samples collected from the adults at the end of the experiment were assessed for physical characteristics. RESULTS: The higher dosage of CuHep raised liver Cu above control group values for at least 9 months in adults and 3 months in weaners. The lower dosage of CuHep was similarly effective for 3 months in adults but was without effect in weaners. In adults the response to COWP matched that to the higher dosage of CuHep; in weaners it was greater, lasting at least 5 months. No changes indicative of Cu deficiency, apart from a depressed body weight in adults, were seen. CONCLUSIONS: In sheep on pasture of high Mo content a single intramuscular injection of CuHep providing 37.5 mg Cu to adults or 25 mg Cu to weaners will raise liver Cu reserves for at least 9 and 3 months respectively and may be an acceptable alternative to COWP for preventing seasonal Cu deficiency in sheep in southern Australia. 相似文献