共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 202 毫秒
1.
采用溶剂法从黄麻韧皮纤维中提取黄酮、多糖、生物碱3种成分,并对提取物的化学组分及抑菌效果进行测定分析。结果表明,3种提取物中总黄酮、总多糖、总生物碱含量分别为17.36 mg/g、3.57 mg/g、61.01μg/g。高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测出黄酮类提取物主要包括异槲皮素(167.47μg/g)、槲皮素(12.35μg/g)、木犀草素(6.41μg/g)、山奈酚(6.26μg/g)等;多糖类提取物中的单糖组分有半乳糖(0.41 mg/g)、半乳糖醛酸(0.43 mg/g)、阿拉伯糖(1.03 mg/g)等;生物碱类提取物主要组分为盐酸小檗碱(9.97μg/g)。纸片扩散法、二倍稀释观察法、扫描电镜分析显示,3种提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌均能产生不同程度的抑制效果。综上,黄麻韧皮纤维中的活性物质较为丰富,且具有良好的抑菌性能。 相似文献
2.
为探究甘肃酒泉产甜叶菊中总黄酮提取条件、成分与其抗氧化活性间的关系。采用乙醇超声水浴提取法,探讨提取时间、温度、料液比、功率等因素对总黄酮提取条件的影响;用HPLC柠檬酸-甲醇流动相梯度洗脱法测定甜叶菊中芦丁、圣草枸杞苷、山奈素、槲皮素、橙皮苷的含量;用FRPD和DPPH法评价甜叶菊茎叶中总黄酮提取物与抗氧化活性之间的关系。结果:通过正交试验,得出乙醇超声水浴的最佳提取条件:80%乙醇、提取功率450 W、料液比1∶20、提取时间150 min、温度85℃、提取3次,总黄酮提取率最高可达到0.88%;HPLC法检测甜叶菊茎叶中5种黄酮成分,以芦丁的含量(701.42μg/g)为最高,槲皮素含量(451.55μg/g)居其次,橙皮苷含量(297.54μg/g)与山奈素含量(241.21μg/g)较少,圣草枸杞苷含量(57.44μg/g)极微;用FRPD和DPPH法评价甜叶菊茎叶总黄酮提取物抗氧化活性,其抗氧化活性高达10.02 mg/g DW,黄酮含量与抗氧化活性二者呈较显著的正相关性(R=0.769～0.792)。这为甜叶菊中黄酮类物质的提取与进一步开发利用提供基础性研究资料。 相似文献
3.
为研究铁观音提取物和荆芥提取物联用在抗氧化方面的协同作用,采用水浸提法分别萃取铁观音和荆芥得其抗氧化活性成分。以芦丁为标准品检测两种提取物类黄酮含量,其中铁观音提取物为15.13 mg/g,荆芥提取物为0.87 mg/g;以没食子酸为标准品检测两种提取物的总酚含量,其中铁观音水提物为50.87μg/mg,荆芥水提物为47.40μg/mg。用2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼(DPPH)和2,2'-二氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)(ABTS)法评估两种提取物联合应用时的抗氧化活性,结果表明,在较低浓度时,铁观音与荆芥提取物联用具有协同增强抗氧化作用。 相似文献
4.
本文建立了采用高效液相色谱法同时检测火麻籽油中10种酚类物质的方法,10种单体酚检出限为0.05～0.12μg/mL,线性相关系数为0.9970～0.9998,回收率为85%～108%。检测了8份不同产地火麻籽油的总酚、总黄酮含量及体外抗氧化活性指标（DPPH、FRAP、ABTS+·）。总酚含量为1.20～17.35mg对香豆酸/100g,总黄酮含量为7.61～51.72mg柚皮苷/100g。DPPH清除能力为9.03～19.71mmol TE/100g,FRAP还原能力为13.12～30.09mmol TE/100g,ABTS+•清除能力为29.40～358.37mmol TE/100g。相关性分析表明,总酚含量与DPPH、ABTS+•清除能力和FRAP还原能力呈显著正相关;总黄酮含量与DPPH清除能力、FRAP的还原能力呈显著正相关。 相似文献
5.
植物抗氧化研究对寻找高效率、低毒性天然抗氧化剂具有重要的指导意义。以在海南分布较广的红树林植物海莲进行抗氧化活性研究,以期对海莲开发利用的可能性提供理论依据。采用清除DPPH自由基和清除ABTS自由基对海莲不同部位———根、茎、叶、花的乙酸乙酯提取物进行抗氧化能力评价,采用比色法和福林酚法测定总黄酮和总酚含量。结果显示,海莲茎的提取物在4个部位中抗氧化活性最好,清除二者的IC50分别为(0.234±0.053)mg/m L和(0.196±0.080)mg/m L,海莲中酚类物质含量较大,4个部位中茎的总酚含量最多,含量为13.2 mg。说明海莲各部位均显示出了较好的抗氧化能力,具有较好的开发潜力。 相似文献
6.
目的本文主要测定牛蒡子75%乙醇提取物的体外抗氧化活性。方法:采用ABTS自由基、DPPH自由基清除方法以及还原法和总酚含量测定法,并利用紫外分光光度计法测定牛蒡子乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性。结果牛蒡子醇提物对DPPH、ABTS+自由基的清除率IC50值分别为0.055mg/m L、0.121 mg/m L;当浓度为1.24 mg/m L水平,其吸光度值为2.390,显示较强的还原性,其中总酚含量为48.3μg/mg。结论牛蒡子的75%醇提取物具有较好的抗氧化活性,在天然抗氧化剂的食品保鲜和药物的治疗方面,牛蒡子的醇提取物可以作为一种新的抗氧化材料,应用价值较好。 相似文献
7.
为了探索眼树莲乙醇提取物和不同萃取部位的体外抗肿瘤作用,以人胃癌 SGC 细胞株、人肝癌 BEL 细胞株、 慢性髓原白血病 K562 细胞株、宫颈癌 Hela 细胞株、乳腺腺癌 MCF-7 细胞株、肺腺癌 A549 细胞株为供试细胞株,用 MTT 法对眼树莲不同提取部位进行体外抗肿瘤活性筛选,并观察细胞形态。结果表明：乙醇提取物（A）、石油醚部 位（B）、乙酸乙酯部位（C）均对 SGC 细胞具有明显的抑制性,IC50 值分别为 71.73、55.83、51.95 μg/mL,而对 Hela、 MCF-7、A549 3 种细胞有弱的抑制性。A、B 部位对 BEL 细胞有弱抑制性,C 部位对 BEL 细胞具有一定的抑制性,IC50 值为 72.62 μg/mL。B、C 部位对 K562 细胞具有明显的抑制性,IC50 值分别为 53.34、55.99 μg/mL。正丁醇部位（D） 对 SGC、BEL、K562、Hela、MCF-7、A549 这 6 种细胞均没有抗肿瘤抑制性。B、C 均可使相应的肿瘤细胞株的细胞 形态发生变化,引起细胞株的坏死,并呈现明显的剂量-时间-效应关系,为进一步研究眼树莲的抗肿瘤作用奠定基础。 相似文献
8.
以福建省主要栽培品种油、青和花为材料,研究了其在成熟期果实营养成分、冷藏及随后的货架期间果实品质以及生物活性物质的变化(总酚类、花青素、类黄酮)。结果表明:(1)3个品种中均含有丰富的氨基酸,包括7种人体所需的必要氨基酸,2种儿童体内所必需的氨基酸,其中青总的氨基酸含量最高,达到358.60 mg/100 g,其次是油,为349.53 mg/100 g,而花总氨基酸的含量最低,只有259.77 mg/100 g;(2)3个品种果实硬度随着贮藏时间的延长而逐渐下降;可溶性固形物在青和油中变化不明显,但在花中呈明显上升趋势;(3)贮藏期间,3个品种总酚含量和总黄酮含量呈明显上升的趋势,花色素苷含量则呈上升-下降-上升的趋势。 相似文献
9.
嘉宝果嫩叶提取物不同极性部位抗氧化及抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从植物中寻找天然的抗氧化剂和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂对糖尿病患者具有重要的意义。采用比色法对嘉宝果嫩叶醇提物不同极性部位进行总多酚和总黄酮含量、抗氧化活性及α-葡萄糖苷酶活性抑制活性研究,以期为嘉宝果嫩叶有效提取部位在食品、化工及医学领域的应用提供一定的参考依据。结果表明,乙酸乙酯相的总多酚含量（33.92 mg/g及总黄酮含量（13.35 mg/g）最高,其次为正丁醇相（总多酚31.11 mg/g;总黄酮12.93 mg/g）及水相（总多酚17.04 mg/g;总黄酮11.18 mg/g）;石油醚相及二氯甲烷相均未检测到总多酚及总黄酮。乙酸乙酯相与正丁醇相对DPPH及ABTS +自由基的清除能力相当,明显高于其他极性部位。对酵母源和小鼠小肠源α-葡萄糖苷酶活性抑制活性大小依次分别为乙酸乙酯相>正丁醇相>水相>石油醚相>二氯甲烷相和乙酸乙酯相>正丁醇相>水相>二氯甲烷相>石油醚相。以上结果表明嘉宝果嫩叶乙酸乙酯相与正丁醇相总多酚及总黄酮含量较高,抗氧化活性及对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制作用较强,是挖掘抗氧化及抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性物质的主要极性部位。 相似文献
10.
不同品种桑葚叶总酚含量及其抗氧化活性比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究不同品种桑葚叶的总酚含量差异及应用价值,以收集引种的40个品种桑葚叶为研究对象,采用超声波辅助提取桑葚叶中酚类物质,以总酚提取率为指标,利用单因素试验和正交试验考察各因素对超声辅助提取桑葚叶总酚提取率的影响;采用DPPH自由基清除能力评价不同品种桑葚叶提取物的抗氧化能力,同时对不同品种桑葚叶中总酚含量及其抗氧化能力进行相关性分析。结果表明：超声辅助提取桑葚叶总酚的最佳工艺条件为：超声温度65 ℃、超声时间30 min、固液比1∶45（g/mL）、乙醇浓度60%,4个因素对桑葚叶总酚提取率影响大小顺序为：超声温度>超声时间>固液比>乙醇浓度。不同品种桑葚叶总酚含量差异较大,其中‘条桑五号’总酚含量最高,为（26.35 ± 0.29）mg/g,‘滇桑’总酚含量最低,为（20.44 ± 0.15）mg/g;不同品种桑葚叶抗氧化活性也存在差异,且趋势与总酚含量基本一致,‘条桑五号’桑葚叶抗氧化活性最强,清除DPPH自由基能力IC50为（77.64 ± 0.34）mg/L,总抗氧化能力（FRAP）TEAC值为（2.58 ± 0.11）mmol/g;‘滇桑’桑葚叶抗氧化活性最弱,清除DPPH自由基能力IC50为（210.30 ± 0.19）mg/L,总抗氧化能力（FRAP）TEAC值为（0.73 ± 0.04）mmol/g。桑葚叶总酚含量与其提取物抗氧化能力呈正相关,选择总酚含量高的桑葚品种栽培,可提高桑葚的综合附加值。 相似文献
11.
In recent years, colored sorghum genotypes high in flavonoids have been developed. Flavonoid levels of eight black sorghum genotypes grown in four locations in Texas were evaluated to assess the relative genotype, environment and genotype × environment effects. Levels of total 3-deoxyanthocyanidins ranged from 292 μg/g to 499 μg/g and 251 μg/g to 804 μg/g across environments and genotypes, respectively. Total 3-deoxyanthocyanidins in sorghums from Halfway were low (178–694 μg/g) due to the reduction of their non-methoxylated forms. This reduction is likely due to significant grain weathering which was observed only at Halfway. In addition, flavanone and flavone levels were the lowest at Halfway with levels of 12 μg/g and 78 μg/g, respectively. For all flavonoids there was a genotype by environment interaction (p < 0.01) which suggests that environment had a different effect on flavonoid levels depending on the genotype. Color values L*, a* and b* did not correlate with flavonoid content. Due to genotype, environment and their interactions, sorghum breeders must evaluate these traits in multiple environments to identify genotypes with high and stable production of flavonoid compounds. 相似文献
12.
R. A. Chavez-Santoscoy J. A. Gutierrez-Uribe S. O. Serna-Saldívar 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(2):146-152
Juices of nine prickly pears (Opuntia spp.) were characterized in terms of color, acidity, sugar content, phenolics, flavonoids, betalains and antioxidant activity
and tested in vitro against four cancer cell lines. The juices had pH′s, acidities and sugar ranging from 4.27 to 5.46, 0.03 to 0.27% and 8 to
14.7°Brix, respectively. Juices also varied in color from white to purple and contained total phenolics, flavonoids, betaxanthins,
betacyanins and antioxidant capacity ranging from 22 to 226 μg gallic acid eq/g, 95 to 374 μg quercetin eq/g, 3 to 189 μg/g,
1.6 to 300 μg/g and 17 to 25 micromoles Trolox eq./mL, respectively. Among the cancer lines tested, viability of prostate
and colon cells were the most affected. Moradillo contained the highest flavonoids and diminished both prostate and colon
cancer cell viability without affecting mammary or hepatic cancer cells. Rastrero reduced the growth of the four cancer cell
lines without affecting normal fibroblast viability. The research shows intervarietal differences among prickly pears in terms
of juice properties and phytochemicals that could prevent oxidative stress and cancer. 相似文献
13.
Marco Garcia-Vaquero Rajeev Ravindran Orla Walsh John O&#x;Doherty Amit K. Jaiswal Brijesh K. Tiwari Gaurav Rajauria 《Marine drugs》2021,19(6)
This study aims to explore novel extraction technologies (ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound–microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE), hydrothermal-assisted extraction (HAE) and high-pressure-assisted extraction (HPAE)) and extraction time post-treatment (0 and 24 h) for the recovery of phytochemicals and associated antioxidant properties from Fucus vesiculosus and Pelvetia canaliculata. When using fixed extraction conditions (solvent: 50% ethanol; extraction time: 10 min; algae/solvent ratio: 1/10) for all the novel technologies, UAE generated extracts with the highest phytochemical contents from both macroalgae. The highest yields of compounds extracted from F. vesiculosus using UAE were: total phenolic content (445.0 ± 4.6 mg gallic acid equivalents/g), total phlorotannin content (362.9 ± 3.7 mg phloroglucinol equivalents/g), total flavonoid content (286.3 ± 7.8 mg quercetin equivalents/g) and total tannin content (189.1 ± 4.4 mg catechin equivalents/g). In the case of the antioxidant activities, the highest DPPH activities were achieved by UAE and UMAE from both macroalgae, while no clear pattern was recorded in the case of FRAP activities. The highest DPPH scavenging activities (112.5 ± 0.7 mg trolox equivalents/g) and FRAP activities (284.8 ± 2.2 mg trolox equivalents/g) were achieved from F. vesiculosus. Following the extraction treatment, an additional storage post-extraction (24 h) did not improve the yields of phytochemicals or antioxidant properties of the extracts. 相似文献
14.
Natalia Castejn Kristin Anna Thorarinsdottir Ragnhildur Einarsdttir Kristberg Kristbergsson Gudrún Marteinsdttir 《Marine drugs》2021,19(12)
A growing concern for overall health is driving a global market of natural ingredients not only in the food industry but also in the cosmetic field. In this study, a screening on potential cosmetic applications of aqueous extracts from three Icelandic seaweeds produced by pulsed electric fields (PEF) was performed. Produced extracts by PEF from Ulva lactuca, Alaria esculenta and Palmaria palmata were compared with the traditional hot water extraction in terms of polyphenol, flavonoid and carbohydrate content. Moreover, antioxidant properties and enzymatic inhibitory activities were evaluated by using in vitro assays. PEF exhibited similar results to the traditional method, showing several advantages such as its non-thermal nature and shorter extraction time. Amongst the three Icelandic species, Alaria esculenta showed the highest content of phenolic (mean value 8869.7 µg GAE/g dw) and flavonoid (mean value 12,098.7 µg QE/g dw) compounds, also exhibiting the highest antioxidant capacities. Moreover, Alaria esculenta extracts exhibited excellent anti-enzymatic activities (76.9, 72.8, 93.0 and 100% for collagenase, elastase, tyrosinase and hyaluronidase, respectively) for their use in skin whitening and anti-aging products. Thus, our preliminary study suggests that Icelandic Alaria esculenta-based extracts produced by PEF could be used as potential ingredients for natural cosmetic and cosmeceutical formulations. 相似文献
15.
Paulina Dróżdż Vaida Šėžienė Krystyna Pyrzynska 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2017,72(4):360-364
Among Vaccinium species, blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) are popular in the human diet. In this study, total phenolic, total flavonoid and total monomeric anthocyanin contents in the ethanol-water extracts of blueberry and lingonberry fruits grown wild in the forests in the central region of Poland were assayed. Antioxidant activities of the extracts from each plant were also evaluated for scavenging ability on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and reducing power by cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method. Total phenolics in the blueberry extracts ranged from 4.58 to 5.28 mg GAE CE/g fw. The extracts from lingonberry fruits contained higher total contents of phenolic compounds (5.82–7.60 mg GAE/g fw) as well as total flavonoids (5.22–6.47 μmol CE/g fw) than those from blueberries (3.74–4.18 μmol CE/g fw). For the total monomeric anthocyanin contents, the blueberry extracts presented significantly higher values (3.01–3.93 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) equivalent/g fw) in comparison to the lingonberry extracts (0.32–0.47). Blueberry extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity measured by both assays in comparison to lingonberry extracts. Water extracts from fresh and dried fruits also exhibited significant antioxidant activities for both types of berries. Considering the health benefits that have been associated with polyphenolic consumption, these fruits could appear as a good source of this group of phytochemical compounds for their direct consumption or their use as ingredients for the design of new food products or food supplements. 相似文献
16.
研究地胆头提取液中总多酚和类黄酮含量及其生理活性。测定了不同地胆头提取液的总多酚含量、类黄酮含量及其清除DPPH自由基的能力,并比较了不同料液比的地胆头提取液对血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)的抑制率。结果表明:不同提取剂提取的地胆头总多酚和类黄酮含量不同,其中,丙酮提取液中总多酚和类黄酮含量分别为12.27 mg/g、7.50 mg/g,均高于乙醇、甲醇、水提取液中的总多酚和类黄酮含量;地胆头丙酮、甲醇、乙醇提取液对DPPH自由基的清除率分别为94.60%、93.41%、90.87%,均高于人工合成氧化剂BHT(89.15%)和地胆头水提取液(62.75%);地胆头提取液对ACE的抑制效果随着料液比的增加而越明显,其中,1∶10的料液比下,乙醇地胆头提取液对ACE抑制率达到96.67%。通过本研究得出,在地胆头乙醇、甲醇、水、丙酮4种提取液中,丙酮提取液的总多酚和类黄酮含量最高,且其抗氧化性效果最佳,乙醇地胆头提取液的抗高血压能力最强。地胆头提取液具有明显的抗氧化性和抗高血压等生理活性,在功能食品及中草药领域里具有良好的开发应用前景。 相似文献
17.
以龙州和显脉两种金花茶幼苗为材料,通过缺水方式进行干旱胁迫处理,以探讨金花茶幼苗抗氧化能力以及渗透含量变化对干旱胁迫的响应.结果表明:(1)随着干旱胁迫时间的延长,金花茶幼苗叶片的相对含水量、叶绿素含量逐渐减少,但相对电导率、H202、MDA、可溶性总糖、脯氨酸的含量却逐渐升高；叶片的抗氧化酶SOD、CAT活性呈先升后降的趋势.(2)干旱胁迫下,与显脉金花茶相比,龙州金花茶的叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性较高,其叶片的相对电导率、H202和MDA积累量低于显脉金花茶.说明叶片的高活性的抗氧化能力和渗透物质含量的增加促进龙州金花茶叶片的保水能力,减轻干旱胁迫伤害. 相似文献
18.
普洱茶的抗氧化酚类化学成分的研究 总被引：14，自引：6，他引：8
从云南省双江县勐库产的普洱茶中分离得到11个化合物,分别为:(-)-没食子儿茶素(GC,1),(-)-表儿茶素(EC,2),(+)-儿茶素(C,3),杨梅素(4),没食子酸(5),山奈酚(6),山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(7),山奈酚-3-O–芦丁糖甙(8),槲皮素(9),槲皮素-3-O-β-D葡萄糖甙(10)以及2,5-二羟基苯甲酸(11)。其中,化合物6~11为首次从普洱茶中分离得到。DPPH自由基清除活性测试结果表明,化合物2、3、5的活性与阳性对照品抗坏血酸接近。化合物的结构与其活性的关系比较分析表明,简单儿茶素(2,3)和简单酚类化合物(5)的抗氧化活性较高,与阳性对照品抗坏血酸接近;黄酮类化合物(4,6,9)次之,黄酮类配糖体(7,8,10)及化合物11则较差。 相似文献
19.
S. R. A. Adewusi B. O. Orisadare O. L. Oke 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1992,42(2):183-192
Protein isolates were extracted from melon, groundnut, and soybean cakes in an aqueous system that could potentially yield both oil and protein from oilseeds quantitatively. Protein isolates obtained were 91.2, 78.6 and 79.5% of the total protein content of melon, groundnut and soybean cakes respectively. Both cakes and isolates were assessed in a rat bioassay while breadfruit, cassava, and corn starch were also investigated as sources of carbohydrate. Results showed that there were no significant differences between feed intake, weight gain and PER of rats fed the cake and the protein isolates except in soybean. Weight gain, PER and NPR were highest in cassava-soybean protein isolate diet followed by cassavacasein diet (control) while performance was only moderate with melon- and groundnutcassava diets. With melon protein isolate, cassava and breadfruit were better carbohydrate sources than corn starch. In simulated weaning diets, cassava-sucrose-melon-soybean protein isolate based diet performed better (weight gain 33.4 g, PER 1.63, NPR 2.23) than a commercial weaning food (weight gain 30.6 g PER 1.57, NPR 2.18) while replacement of sucrose and cassava at 30% by breadfruit yielded a cost effective diet with good performance (weight gain 29.4 g, PER 1.51, NPR 2.12). Diets where soybean protein served as the sole source of protein or breadfruit, white and yellow maize ogi served as the main source of carbohydrate performed only moderately. 相似文献
20.
Large volumes of condensed distillers solubles (CDS) are generated as by-products, from the sorghum bioethanol industry. The objective was to assess the physico-chemical and bioactive properties of CDS. The unfractionated CDS showed the highest content of phenolic compounds (16 mg GAE/g), antioxidant (522 μM Trolox/g) and antimicrobial activity (MIC 1%(w/v) against Campylobacter spp.) compared to its extracts. The water and methanol extracts also showed high levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity (11.6 and 9.2 mg GAE/g and 349 and 409 μM Trolox/g respectively), followed by ethanol and acetone extractions (7.5 and 6.6 mg GAE/g; 337 and 346 μM Trolox/g respectively). A positive correlation was revealed between total phenol and antioxidant activity. The main phenolic compounds found in the extracts were protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, taxifolin, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid and p-coumaric acid. This study indicates the potential of using CDS as a functional ingredient for other food and feed applications. 相似文献