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1.
Nucleotide sequence of SRV-1, a type D simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome retrovirus 总被引：46，自引：0，他引：46
M D Power P A Marx M L Bryant M B Gardner P J Barr P A Luciw 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4745):1567-1572
Simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome (SAIDS) in the macaque genus of monkeys at the California Primate Research Center is apparently caused by infection by a type D retrovirus. The complete nucleotide sequence (8173 base pairs) of a molecular clone of the prototype SAIDS virus isolate, SRV-1, reveals a typical retrovirus structure with long terminal repeats (346 base pairs) and open reading frames for the gag (663 codons), pol (867 codons), and env (605 codons) genes. SRV-1 also has a separate open reading frame of 314 codons between the gag and pol genes that defines the viral protease gene (prt) and a short open reading frame of unknown significance downstream from the env gene. The SRV-1 protease region shows a high degree of homology to its counterpart in the hamster intracisternal A-type particle genome; both these protease genes are about twice as long as the analogous region of other retroviruses. SRV-1 has no notable similarity in either genetic organization or sequence to the human AIDS retroviruses. 相似文献
2.
HTLV x-gene product: requirement for the env methionine initiation codon 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
W Wachsman D W Golde P A Temple E C Orr S C Clark I S Chen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,228(4707):1534-1537
The human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV) are replication-competent retroviruses whose genomes contain gag, pol, and env genes as well as a fourth gene, termed x, which is believed to be the transforming gene of HTLV. The product of the x gene is now shown to be encoded by a 2.1-kilobase messenger RNA derived by splicing of at least two introns. By means of S1 nuclease mapping of this RNA and nucleic acid sequence analysis of a complementary DNA clone, the complete primary structure of the x-gene product has been determined. It is encoded by sequences containing the env initiation codon and one nucleotide of the next codon spliced to the major open reading frame of the HTLV-I and HTLV-II x gene. 相似文献
3.
T H Lee J E Coligan J S Allan M F McLane J E Groopman M Essex 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4745):1546-1549
The DNA of the HTLV-III/LAV group of retroviruses contains certain additional open reading frames that are not found in typical avian or mammalian retroviruses. The role of these sequences in encoding for gene products that may be related to pathogenesis remains to be resolved. An open reading frame whose 5' end overlaps with the pol gene, but is unrelated to the env gene, has been observed in HTLV-III/LAV and visna virus, both cytopathic mammalian retroviruses. Evidence presented here shows that this open reading frame is a bona fide coding sequence of HTLV-III/LAV and that its product, a protein with a molecular weight of 23,000, induces antibody production in the natural course of infection. 相似文献
4.
5.
A new class of endogenous human retroviral genomes 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
R Callahan I M Chiu J F Wong S R Tronick B A Roe S A Aaronson J Schlom 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,228(4704):1208-1211
Human DNA contains multiple copies of a novel class of endogenous retroviral genomes. Analysis of a human recombinant DNA clone (HLM-2) containing one such proviral genome revealed that it is a mosaic of retroviral-related sequences with the organization and length of known endogenous retroviral genomes. The HLM-2 long terminal repeat hybridized with the long terminal repeat of the squirrel monkey virus, a type D retrovirus. The HLM-2 gag and pol genes share extensive nucleotide sequence homology with those of the M432 retrovirus (a type A-related retrovirus), mouse mammary tumor virus (a type B retrovirus), and the avian Rous sarcoma virus (a type C retrovirus). Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed regions in the HLM-2 pol gene that were as much as 70 percent identical to the mouse mammary tumor virus pol gene. A portion of the putative HLM-2 env gene hybridized with the corresponding region of the M432 viral genome. 相似文献
6.
J Sodroski W C Goh C Rosen A Tartar D Portetelle A Burny W Haseltine 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4745):1549-1553
The genome of the human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III/LAV) has the potential to encode at least three polypeptides in addition to those encoded by the gag, pol, and env genes. In this study, the product of the sor (short open reading frame) region, which overlaps the 3' end of the pol gene, was found to be a protein with a molecular weight of 23,000. An assay was developed for testing the ability of cloned HTLV-III proviruses to produce viruses cytopathic for T4+ lymphocytes. In the cell line used, C8166, neither the HTLV-III sor gene product nor the complete 3'-orf gene product were necessary for the replication or cytopathic effects of the HTLV-III. 相似文献
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8.
Trans-activator gene of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) 总被引：204，自引：0，他引：204
9.
Isolation and characterization of a novel protein (X-ORF product) from SIV and HIV-2 总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27
L E Henderson R C Sowder T D Copeland R E Benveniste S Oroszlan 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,241(4862):199-201
A protein designated p14 was purified from a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVMne) and was shown by amino acid sequence analysis to be nearly identical to the predicted translational product of a unique open reading frame (X-ORF) in the nucleotide sequences of SIVmac and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2). Thus the X-ORF is proven to be a new retroviral gene. The p14 is present in SIVMne in molar amounts equivalent to those of the gag proteins. This is the first example of a retrovirus that contains a substantial quantity of a viral protein that is not a product of the gag, pro, pol, or env genes. SIV p14 and its homolog in HIV-2 may function as nucleic acid binding proteins since purified p14 binds to single-stranded nucleic acids in vitro. Antisera to the purified protein detected p14 in SIVMne, SIVmac, and a homologous protein (16 kilodaltons) in HIV-2 but did not react with HIV-1. Diagnostic procedures based on this novel protein will distinguish between HIV-1 and HIV-2. 相似文献
10.
Ogata H Audic S Barbe V Artiguenave F Fournier PE Raoult D Claverie JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,290(5490):347-350
Rickettsia conorii, the aetiological agent of Mediterranean spotted fever, is an intracellular bacterium transmitted by ticks. Preliminary analyses of the nearly complete genome sequence of R. conorii have revealed 44 occurrences of a previously undescribed palindromic repeat (150 base pairs long) throughout the genome. Unexpectedly, this repeat was found inserted in-frame within 19 different R. conorii open reading frames likely to encode functional proteins. We found the same repeat in proteins of other Rickettsia species. The finding of a mobile element inserted in many unrelated genes suggests the potential role of selfish DNA in the creation of new protein sequences. 相似文献
11.
Complete nucleotide sequence and organization of the Moloney murine sarcoma virus genome 总被引：41，自引：0，他引：41
The complete nucleotide sequence of a mammalian transforming retrovirus. Moloney murine sarcoma virus, has been determined. MSV, recombinant virus derived of helper viral and cellular sequences, possesses termini resembling prokaryotic transposable elements. The viral genome has the coding capacity for the Moloney murine leukemia virus gag gene product and contains large deletions in pol and env genes. A large open reading frame encompassing its cell-derived sequences codes for its putative transforming protein. The nature of some of the important domains in the viral genome has been established, and their structure is discussed in relation to their function. 相似文献
12.
Expression of the Rous sarcoma virus pol gene by ribosomal frameshifting 总被引：91，自引：0，他引：91
13.
N T Chang P K Chanda A D Barone S McKinney D P Rhodes S H Tam C W Shearman J Huang T W Chang R C Gallo 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,228(4695):93-96
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III), the causative agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), was recently isolated and its genomic structure analyzed by DNA cloning methods. In the studies reported here a combined cloning and expression system was used to identify HTLV-III encoded peptides that react immunologically with antibodies in sera from AIDS patients. Cloned HTLV-III DNA was sheared into approximately 500-base-pair fragments and inserted into an "open reading frame" expression vector, pMR100. The inserted DNA was expressed in Escherichia coli transformants as a polypeptide fused to the lambda CI protein at its amino terminus and to beta-galactosidase at its carboxyl terminus. Sera from AIDS patients containing antibodies to HTLV-III were then used to screen for immunoreactive fusion proteins. Twenty clones, each specifying a fusion protein strongly reactive with AIDS serum, were identified. DNA sequence analysis indicated that the HTLV-III fragments were derived from the open reading frame DNA segments corresponding to the gag and pol gene coding regions and also the large open reading frame region (env-lor) located near the 3' end of the viral genome. 相似文献
14.
Nagalakshmi U Wang Z Waern K Shou C Raha D Gerstein M Snyder M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5881):1344-1349
15.
This paper comparatively analyzes the density of nucleotide sequences potentially predisposed to the formation of noncanonical DNA structures (G4 quadruplexes) on the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of the avian influenza A virus (H5N1) and the env and pol genes of the bovine leucosis virus. The higher genetic heterogeneity of the HA gene in comparison with the NA gene coincided with the high frequency of the nucleotide sequences predisposed to the formation of G4 quadruplexes. The same tendency was observed when comparing the distribution of potential G4 quadruplexes in the env and pol genes of the bovine leucosis virus. We discuss a possible relation between the increased density of the noncanonical DNA structures in the genes whose products interact with the receptor system of target cells of a retrovirus infection and their genetic heterogeneity maintained in the host-pathogen system. 相似文献
16.
Bebenek K Tissier A Frank EG McDonald JP Prasad R Wilson SH Woodgate R Kunkel TA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,291(5511):2156-2159
DNA polymerase iota (pol iota) is one of several recently discovered DNA polymerases in mammalian cells whose function is unknown. We report here that human pol iota has an intrinsic 5'-deoxyribose phosphate (dRP) lyase activity. In reactions reconstituted with uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG), apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease and DNA ligase I, pol iota can use its dRP lyase and polymerase activities to repair G*U and A*U pairs in DNA. These data and three distinct catalytic properties of pol iota implicate it in specialized forms of base excision repair (BER). 相似文献
17.
Identification of HTLV-III/LAV sor gene product and detection of antibodies in human sera 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
N C Kan G Franchini F Wong-Staal G C DuBois W G Robey J A Lautenberger T S Papas 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4745):1553-1555
The nucleotide sequence of the genome of HTLV-III, the infectious agent etiologically associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, predicts a small open reading frame, termed sor, located between the pol and env genes. A DNA segment containing 82 percent of the sor region was inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector, pJL6, to determine whether sor encodes a viral protein and to gain some insight into its possible function. The bacterially synthesized sor protein reacted with sera from individuals infected with HTLV-III, indicating that sor is expressed as a protein product or products that are immunogenic in vivo. Antibodies to the purified, bacterially synthesized sor protein were found to react specifically with the same protein and also with a protein of molecular weight 23,000 (23K) in HTLV-III-infected H9 cell extracts. The 23K protein comigrated with a protein immunoprecipitated by the serum of a hemophiliac patient with antibodies to HTLV-III, suggesting that this protein is probably the sor gene product. 相似文献
18.
Deleted HTLV-I provirus in blood and cutaneous lesions of patients with mycosis fungoides. 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
W W Hall C R Liu O Schneewind H Takahashi M H Kaplan G R?upe A Vahlne 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,253(5017):317-320
Mycosis fungoides, a rare form of cutaneous T cell leukemia/lymphoma, is suspected of having a viral etiology on the basis of certain similarities to adult T cell leukemia, which is associated with human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) infection. Cell lines were established from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of an HTLV-I-seronegative patient with mycosis fungoides. DNA hybridization analysis revealed the presence of HTLV-I-related sequences with unusual restriction endonuclease sites. Sequence analysis of subcloned fragments demonstrated the presence of a monoclonally integrated provirus with a 5.5-kilobase deletion involving large regions of gag and env and all of pol. Additional evidence for the presence of deleted proviruses was found by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA from cutaneous lesions of five other HTLV-I-seronegative patients. The findings suggest that HTLV-I infection may be involved in the etiology of at least certain cases of mycosis fungoides. 相似文献
19.
火炬松木质素合成中CAD基因单核苷酸多态性检测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
该研究以美国南部重要的造纸工业用材树种火炬松为材料 ,利用Transgenomic公司最近推出的Wave DNA片段分析系统 ,快速检测肉桂醇脱氢酶 (CAD)基因在个体间的单核苷酸多态性 ,获得了令人满意的结果 .首先利用Oligo5 .1软件对火炬松CAD基因全序列分区域进行引物设计 ,当设定每一区域能扩增出 10 0～ 2 0 0bp产物时 ,共在 8个碱基区域 (S1～S8)分别设计出了最佳正向引物和反向引物 ;以来自火炬松 12株优树自由授粉种子的胚乳中提取的DNA为材料 ,对CAD基因 8个碱基区域分别进行PCR扩增 ,有 5个碱基区域 (S3 ,S5 ,S6 ,S7,S8)得到了唯一的并且与预期碱基长度基本一致的PCR扩增产物 ,对其余 3个碱基区域进一步进行FailSafeTM PCR扩增 ,它们均在某些PCR缓冲液中得到了唯一的扩增产物 ;利用Wave DNA片段分析系统 ,对 6个碱基区域 (S2 ,S3,S5 ,S6 ,S7,S8)进行单核苷酸多态性检测 ,结果表明来自优树 2 2的种子与其它 11株优树的种子之间存在碱基序列变异 ,其中在S5 ,S6区域检测到了较大的单核苷酸多态性 ,这两个区域分别位于CAD基因的第 2和第 3内含子 (Intron2 ,Intron3) . 相似文献
20.
Transcription of novel open reading frames of AIDS retrovirus during infection of lymphocytes 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
A B Rabson D F Daugherty S Venkatesan K E Boulukos S I Benn T M Folks P Feorino M A Martin 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,229(4720):1388-1390
The retrovirus frequently isolated from patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has two novel open reading frames previously designated "A" and "B." The "A" region was found to be specifically expressed as polyadenylated RNA's of 5.5 and 5.0 kilobases in infected cells. The "B" region was expressed as 1.8- to 2.0-kilobase RNA species. Additional full-length and spliced messenger RNA's of the env region were also identified. 相似文献