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1.
6 香蒲对重金属吸收积累能力如何?
6.1 铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)
李永丽等[63]对湖南永州铅锌铜尾矿的调查结果显示,东方香蒲对铅富集作用强,以干质量计,植株地上部铅含量为61 9 mg/kg,地下部铅含量为1 233 mg/kg,生物富集系数0.10～0.26.在Pb(NO3)2浓度为300 mg/L的水培液中,以干质量计,地上部最大铅含量12 413 mg/kg、地下部30 508.5mg/kg,远远超过"超积累植物"1 000 mg/kg(干质量)的界定标准.此外,在培养液中加入EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸),对增加植株铅吸收量、增大铅在植株体内的转运系数、缓解植株铅毒害症状等均有明显作用.徐义昆等[64]试验结果表明,东方香蒲植株Pb积累量与营养液Pb2+浓度呈显著正相关,根和叶对Pb的积累量均显著高于对照,且根的积累量明显高于叶.用Pb2+浓度为2.00 mmol/L的营养液培养10天,根中Pb含量为对照的332倍. 相似文献
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采用液体深层发酵的方法获得樟芝发酵全液，以乙醇、酸化萃取手段获得发酵全液醇溶酸性组分ESAC，用气相色谱-质谱联用技术结合红外光谱对醇溶酸性组分进行鉴定，对樟芝醇溶酸性组分进行植物病原菌和医学病原菌的抗茵试验。结果表明，醇溶酸性组分主要含有5-氧-四氢呋喃-2-甲酸、苯乙酸、4-羟基苯乙醇、2，4-二羟基苯基乙基酮、3-甲基-2，4-二羟基乙酰苯、2,3，4-三氟苯甲酸异丙酯、5,7，8-三甲基-6-氧杂萘邻酮基乙酸酯、顺-10-十二碳烯酸四氢吡喃酯。ESAC对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果最强。 相似文献
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椭圆嗜蓝层孔菌(Phellinus ellipsoidea)子实体甲醇提取物依次用石油醚和乙酸乙酯萃取,其乙酸乙酯分部经柱层析分离得到11个化合物。经鉴定这11个化合物分别为:苯并(1,2-b,5,4-b′)二呋喃-3,5-二酮-8-甲酸甲酯(1)、原儿茶酸(2)、4-(3,4-二羟苯基)-3-丁烯-2-酮(3)、原儿茶醛(4)、Hispidin(5)、Hispolon(6)、Inoscavin A(7)、Phelligridin K(8)、Inoscavin C(9)、Inoscavin E(10)和Inonoblins B(11),其中化合物2、4、7、10为首次从该物种中分离得到。 相似文献
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‘2004-6-12’是南京农业大学从欧亚种‘魏可’自交实生后代中选育出来的雄性不育优良单株。以葡萄雄性不育新种质‘2004-6-12’及其雄性可育亲本‘魏可’为试材,采用酶联免疫(ELISA)检测技术对花药发育不同时期(1.造孢期、2.花粉母细胞期、3.减数分裂期、4.四分体期、5.单核期、6.二核期、7.成熟花粉期)的花蕾组织中的吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉素(GAS)、细胞分裂素(CTK)、脱落酸(ABA)含量进行测定。结果表明,‘2004-6-12’与‘魏可’花蕾中的IAA,GAS的含量在减数分裂期之前差异不显著,在四分体期及单核期‘2004-6-12’显著低于‘魏可’。‘2004-6-12’中的CTK含量在减数分裂期之前显著低于‘魏可’。‘魏可’在单核期ABA含量开始降低,而‘2004-6-12’在二核期才开始降低。‘2004-6-12’的IAA/ABA和GAS/ABA在二核期之前明显高于‘魏可’且比‘魏可’比值变化较大,因此认为IAA,GAS,CTK的亏缺,ABA的延后降低及IAA/ABA,GAS/ABA比例失调与葡萄雄性不育有一定的关系。 相似文献
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我国栽培食用菌的重金属调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
测定双孢蘑菇、巴西蘑菇、茶树菇、黑木耳、鸡腿菇、金针菇、香菇、金顶侧耳、杏鲍菇、平菇、银耳11种食用菌的175个干样品中的砷(As)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、铅(Pb)的含量.结果表明,11种食用菌干品中,砷含量范围为0.02 mg·k-1～0.78 mg·kg-1;镉含量范围为0.02 mg·k-1～1.949 mg·kg-1;汞含量范围为未检出～0.654 mg·kg-1;铅含量范围为0.040 mg·kg-1～3.217 mg·kg-1.我国栽培食用菌中镉、汞、铅含量比较安全,双孢蘑菇中汞含量高与黑木耳中铅含量高具有地域特性. 相似文献
7.
以紫斑牡丹和变异紫斑牡丹的叶片为试材,采用高效液相色谱、紫外-可见分光光度法、薄层色谱对变异紫斑牡丹红色叶和紫斑牡丹绿色叶的色素进行定性定量分析;采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基和2,2’-联氮-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐自由基分析2种叶片的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:变异紫斑牡丹红色叶的颜色发生变化主要是芍药花素-3,5-二葡糖苷和天竺葵素-3,5-二葡糖苷含量上升与叶绿素含量下降的共同作用结果;变异紫斑牡丹红色叶中单体酚含量(绿原酸、芦丁、儿茶素、表二茶素、二氢杨梅酮、对香豆酸和二氢槲皮素)比紫斑牡丹绿色叶中的高;变异紫斑牡丹红色叶较紫斑牡丹的绿色叶相比有较好的抗氧化能力,具有潜在药用价值。 相似文献
8.
不同花色牡丹品种花瓣色素含量及成分分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以分属白、粉、红3个色系的6个牡丹品种花瓣为试材,采用薄层层析色谱法(TLC)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV)和高效液相色谱仪-二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)研究不同花色牡丹品种花瓣中的色素含量,并进行了定性分析。结果表明:粉色和红色系牡丹中检测出2种花青苷,分别是矢车菊素-3,5-二葡糖苷和芍药花素-3,5-二葡糖苷,白色系牡丹中未检测到花青苷类物质,其中矢车菊素-3,5-二葡糖苷在粉色系牡丹中含量较高,而红色系中总黄酮和总花青苷的含量最高。 相似文献
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以“凤尾”、“凤丹白”、“西施”、“粉莲”、“昌红”、“呼红”和“云芳”7个江南牡丹品种为试材,利用UPLC-PDA和UPLC-Q-TOF MS技术对盛花期花瓣中类黄酮组分进行了定性和定量分析.结果表明:江南牡丹花瓣中共检测到15种类黄酮组分,其中花色苷4种:矢车菊素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷、芍药花素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷、芍药花素-3-葡萄糖苷；黄酮7种:木犀草素单糖苷(六碳糖)、木犀草素二糖苷(甲基五碳糖+六碳糖)、芹黄素单糖苷(六碳糖)、芹黄素二糖苷(五碳糖+六碳糖)、芹黄素二糖苷(甲基五碳糖+六碳糖)、金圣草黄素单糖苷(六碳糖)、金圣草黄素二糖苷(六碳糖+甲基五碳糖)；黄酮醇4种:槲皮素单糖苷(六碳糖)、槲皮素二糖苷(六碳糖+六碳糖)、山奈酚二糖苷(六碳糖+六碳糖)、异鼠李素二糖苷(六碳糖+六碳糖)；江南牡丹花瓣中主要的花色苷为芍药花素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷和矢车菊素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷,主要的黄酮为芹黄素糖苷,即芹黄素单糖苷(六碳糖)、芹黄素二糖苷(五碳糖+六碳糖)、芹黄素二糖苷(甲基五碳糖+六碳糖),黄酮醇为山奈酚糖苷,即山奈酚二糖苷(六碳糖+六碳糖). 相似文献
11.
AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
13.
Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden. 相似文献
14.
《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
15.
The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
16.
多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。 相似文献
17.
HU Zhi-cheng ZHU Jia-yuan ZHU Bin GUO Dong CHEN Bin ZHANG Kai HU Kun-hua LI Ming-tao TANG Bing 《园艺学报》2011,27(9):1802-1806
AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars. 相似文献
18.
AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [3-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10-6-10-4 mmol/L) stimulated [3-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [3-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10-6-10-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl2 for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
19.
Duncan Brean W. Boyle Shannon Breininger David R. Schmalzer Paul A. 《Landscape Ecology》1999,14(3):291-309
Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere. 相似文献
20.
AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis. 相似文献