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CpG-DNA免疫刺激活性研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
CpG—DNA是一些具有免疫激活功能的以未甲基化的CpG基序(CpG motif)为核心的DNA序列，它包括含CpG基序的人工合成的寡聚脱氧核苷酸(oligodeoxvnucleotides，ODN)和自然界中某些低等生物的基因组DNA。近几年研究证实，CpG基序能在体内诱导强烈的免疫反应，主要包括激活B细胞增殖、分化、分泌白细胞介素-12(IL-12)及其他细胞因子，激活自然杀伤细胞(NK)的裂解活性，分泌 相似文献
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CpG ODN的最新研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
CpG C9DN是指含有CpG基序(以非甲基化胞嘧啶鸟嘌呤为基元构成的特定核苷酸序列结构)的C3DN。近期研究显示,CpG ODN作为佐剂,可明显促进Th1型免疫应答的产生。其与不完全弗氏佐剂(IFA)联合应用时,其效应甚至强于完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)。即使与Th2型佐剂如氢氧化铝合用亦可明显促进免疫应答的产生,且Th1型应答明显强于Th2型应答。CpG ODN能直接激活B细胞、树突状细胞、 相似文献
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Toll样受体是天然免疫中最早发现的模式识别受体,是生物界最古老的免疫系统组成部分之一,在识别病原和影响免疫应答方面具有非常关键的作用。Toll样受体8(TLR8)属于Toll样受体中的TLR7/8/9亚家族,通过识别配体激活信号级联反应,导致促炎细胞因子的产生,发挥抗病毒和抗细菌感染作用。论文就TLR8的结构与活化、配体识别、细胞分布、信号通路、细胞因子产生和疾病相关性等进行简要综述,可使人们更加全面地认识TLR8,对于动物免疫系统的研究以及动物疫病的防控具有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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贾鹏鹏 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2013,33(10):64-66
Toll样受体（Toll-like receptors,TLRs）是近年来发现的先天性免疫跨膜受体和信号转导受体,是病原模式识别（Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns,PAMP）受体之一.目前已经识别了10种鸡的Toll样受体（chicken Toll-Like Receptor,chTLRs）.TLRs分布于鸡的不同器官、组织和细胞;由于参与不同的免疫应答,不同的TLR在鸡体中的表达丰度也不相同.本实验,利用RT-PCR方法从三黄鸡外周血淋巴白细胞中扩增出鸡Toll样受体1、4、7基因（TLR1、4、7）.结果显示,扩增出的TLR1基因片段为737 bp,TLR4基因片段为1 246 bp,TLR7基因片段为533 bp,与GenBank中鸡TLR序列同源性达98％～99.8％. 相似文献
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CpG-DNA对畜禽生物学活性的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
细菌DNA含有高频率CpG双核苷酸序列,且普遍未甲基化。这两个特点以及特殊侧链组成的CpG基序对哺乳动物的先天免疫系统是一个“危险”标志,当遇到这种基序时会诱导免疫反应。人工合成的CpG寡核苷酸序列(CpG-ODN)也能产生与细菌CpG-DNA相类似的免疫增强活性。先天性免疫系统对CpG基序的认识需要Toll-like受体(TLR9)的参与,TLR9诱导细胞信号并触发前炎性因子反应和以Th1型反应为主的免疫反应。基于这个发现,临床上已用CpG-ODN治疗人类的癌症、过敏和传染病,而在兽医上的应用还处于起步阶段。 相似文献
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为了研究海兰褐蛋鸡的先天性免疫机制,根据已报道的鸡的9种Toll样受体（TLR）和其他动物（人、小鼠和猪） TLR9的基因序列,设计特异性引物,从海兰褐蛋鸡体内扩增出11个鸡Toll样受体部分基因片段,与GenBank登录的序列进行比对和分析,同源率达99%以上。同时也证实鸡体内不存在TLR9,但是存在TLR21。 相似文献
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CpG ODN--一类潜在的新型免疫佐剂 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
随着对CpG基序的DNA和寡核苷酸免疫学特性的深入了解，CpG DNA和CpG ODN在未来疫苗研究开发中的佐剂特性日益受到重视，本文对CpG ODN的结构特征、免疫活性、作用机制、佐剂效应及应用前景作了综述。 相似文献
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Mutwiri G Pontarollo R Babiuk S Griebel P van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk S Mena A Tsang C Alcon V Nichani A Ioannou X Gomis S Townsend H Hecker R Potter A Babiuk LA 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2003,91(2):89-103
Bacterial DNA contains a much higher frequency of CpG dinucleotides than are present in mammalian DNA. Furthermore, bacterial CpG dinucleotides are often not methylated. It is thought that these two features in combination with specific flanking bases constitute a CpG motif that is recognized as a "danger" signal by the innate immune system of mammals and therefore an immune response is induced when these motifs are encountered. These immunostimulatory activities of bacterial CpG DNA can also be achieved with synthetic CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). Recognition of CpG motifs by the innate immune system requires engagement of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9), which induces cell signaling and subsequently triggers a pro-inflammatory cytokine response and a predominantly Th1-type immune response. CpG ODN-induced innate and adaptive immune responses can result in protection in various mouse models of disease. Based on these observations, clinical trials are currently underway in humans to evaluate CpG ODN therapies for cancer, allergy and infectious disease. However, potential applications for immunostimulatory CpG ODN in species of veterinary importance are just being explored. In this review, we will highlight what is presently known about the immunostimulatory effects of CpG ODN in domestic animals. 相似文献
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Bovine toll-like receptor 9: a comparative analysis of molecular structure, function and expression 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Griebel PJ Brownlie R Manuja A Nichani A Mookherjee N Popowych Y Mutwiri G Hecker R Babiuk LA 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2005,108(1-2):11-16
Non-methylated CpG motifs, present in viral and bacterial DNA, are one of many pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) recognized by the mammalian innate immune system. Recognition of this PAMP occurs through a specific interaction with toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and this interaction can induce cytokine responses that influence both innate and adaptive immune responses. Previous investigations determined that both the flanking sequences in synthetic CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) and the cellular pattern of TLR9 expression can influence species-specific responses to CpG ODN. Therefore, the structure, function and cellular distribution of bovine TLR9 were compared with what is known for mice and human. Analysis of the bovine TLR9 gene revealed greater sequence homology between cattle and humans than cattle and mice Similar CpG motifs induced optimal activation of both human and bovine leukocytes and these motifs were distinct from those which activated mouse leukocytes. Functional analyses with CpG ODN stimulated bovine blood leukocytes revealed that class A CpG ODN were more potent inducers of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) than class B CpG ODN. Furthermore, magnetic activated cell sorting of bovine blood leukocyte subpopulations implicated dendritic cells but not monocytes in the regulation of CpG ODN-induced IFN secretion. Thus, the cellular pattern of CpG ODN-induced responses in cattle shared many similarities with human leukocytes. Collectively, these analyses revealed substantial conservation of TLR9 structure and TLR9 function in blood leukocytes of humans, cattle and other domestic species. 相似文献
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含未甲基化CpG基序的寡脱氧核苷酸能够直接刺激B细胞等抗原递呈细胞,提高Th1产量并促进细胞因子的产生及抗原递呈细胞的成熟和活化.这使CpG 寡核苷酸具有良好的免疫佐剂活性,能够促进和提高抗原特异性免疫应答.本篇着重介绍了CpG寡核苷酸作为免疫佐剂的研究进展. 相似文献
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Response of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells to CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Exposure to bacterial DNA generates a "danger signal" that stimulates cellular elements of the mammalian immune system to proliferate and/or secrete cytokines. Stimulation is critically dependent on hexameric motifs that contain an unmethylated CpG dinucleotide: these are commonly found in bacterial but not vertebrate DNA. Different motifs are optimally stimulatory in different species. This work examines whether oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing CpG motifs stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pigs. Results show that pigs respond to CpG ODN by proliferating and secreting IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-alpha. By screening a large panel (>100) of ODNs, the palindromic hexamer 'ATCGAT' was identified as being optimally active in all animals examined (N=10). These findings are the first to establish the immunostimulatory activity of CpG ODN in pigs, and suggest that the therapeutic uses envisioned for these ODNs (as vaccine adjuvants and immunoprotective agents) may be applicable to husbandry animals. 相似文献
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Booth JS Nichani AK Benjamin P Dar A Krieg AM Babiuk LA Mutwiri GK 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2007,115(1-2):24-34
CpG ODN signal through Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and trigger a cascade of events that lead to activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Our current understanding of the immunobiology of host responses to CpG is based largely on studies on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and splenocytes. Little is known regarding CpG-induced responses in other lymphoid tissues. In the present study, we investigated responses induced by CpG in both PBMC and lymph nodes. Cells were isolated from the superficial cervical lymph node (LNC) and blood and then stimulated with CpG ODN (either A-, or B- or C-class ODN). Cytokine production was assayed by ELISA, and lymphocyte proliferation was determined by (3)H-thymidine incorporation. NK-like cytotoxicity was analyzed by lysis of (51)Cr-labelled target cells. All three classes of CpG induced IFNalpha and IFNgamma in LNC. In contrast, only A and C-class ODN induced IFNalpha and IFNgamma in PBMC. Moreover, the IFN levels in LNC were 20-40-fold higher than in PBMC. Furthermore, all classes of ODN induced higher IL-12 levels in LNC (five- to six-fold) than in PBMC. Both B and C-class ODN induced good proliferative responses in PBMC and LNC, but the A-class ODN did not induce proliferation of PBMC and only induced moderate proliferation of LNC. A-class ODN induced significant NK-like activity in LNC. Thus, all three classes of CpG ODN induced similar responses in LNC, and these responses were consistently higher than in PBMC. These observations indicate that CpG ODN-induced responses differ between blood and lymph nodes, and suggest that the functional classification of CpG ODN based on PBMC responses may not be directly applicable to cells from other immune tissues. 相似文献
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Regulating effects of porcine interleukin-6 gene and CpG motifs on immune responses to porcine trivalent vaccines in mice 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Wu M Gao R Meng M Li J Tan M Shen Y Wang L Yin X Wu X Xie H Liu S 《Research in veterinary science》2004,77(1):49-57
In order to develop novel immunoadjuvants to boost immune response of conventional vaccines, experiments were conducted to investigate the regulating effects of porcine interleukin-6 gene and CpG motifs as the molecular adjuvants on immune responses of mice that were co-inoculated with trivalent vaccines against Swine fever, the Pasteurellosis and Erysipelas suis. Synthetic oligodeoxynuleotides containing CpG motifs were ligated into pUC18, forming recombinant pUC18-CpG plasmid. Eukaryotic plasmid expressing porcine interleukin-6 (VPIL-6) were also constructed as molecular adjuvants in an attempt to enhance levels of immune responses of mice co-administered with the trivalent vaccines in this paper. The cellular and humoral immune responses of mice were systematically analysed, and the experimental results were observed that the number of white blood cells, monocytes, granuloytes and lymphocytes significantly increased, respectively, in the mice immunized with VPIL-6, compared with those of the control; the IgG content and titre of specific antibodies to the trivalent vaccine mounted remarkably in the sera from the VPIL-6 vaccinated mice; the proliferation of lymphocytes and induced IL-2 activities were significantly increased in the vaccinated groups. The above-mentioned immune responses of mice co-inoculated with pUC18-CpG plasmid were significantly stronger than those of co-inoculated with pUC18 plasmid, suggesting that the immunostimulatory effect of oligodeoxynuleotides CpG is closely connected with the number of CpG motifs. These results suggest that the porcine IL-6 gene and CpG motifs could be employed as effective immunoadjuvants to elevate immunity to conventional vaccines. 相似文献
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Catherine M Wernette Bruce F Smith Zachary L Barksdale Rolf Hecker Henry J Baker 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2002,84(3-4):223-236
Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) with unmethylated CpG dinucleotide motifs may be useful as non-specific immune system stimulants and adjuvants for protein or nucleic acid vaccines in humans and other primates. They may also be useful in cancer immunotherapy and in the modulation of allergic responses or mucosal immunity. To begin to determine the potential utility of CpG ODN technology in small animal veterinary medicine, we developed procedures to analyze the effects of CpG ODN on canine and feline blood, spleen and lymph node (LN) cells. We find that certain CpG ODN cause good lymphocyte proliferation (as monitored by [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation) in both canine and feline spleen and LN cells, but not in blood. This overall stimulatory effect of CpG ODN on spleen and LN cells is CpG dependent. The reverse sequences, GpC ODNs, do not cause significant lymphocyte proliferation in the cat; however, dogs are more sensitive to stimulation by the non-specific immune effects of the phosphorothioate backbone. We conclude that unmethylated CpG ODNs may also have potential uses as immune stimulants for vaccines and other antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine for companion animals. 相似文献
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Bordin AI Liu M Nerren JR Buntain SL Brake CN Kogut MH Cohen ND 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,145(1-2):290-297
Rhodococcus equi is an intracellular bacterium that causes pneumonia in foals and immunocompromised adult horses. Evidence exists that foals become infected with R. equi early in life, a period when innate immune responses are critically important for protection against infection. Neutrophils are innate immune cells that play a key role in defense against this bacterium. Enhancing neutrophil function during early life could thus help to protect foals against R. equi infection. The objective of our study was to determine whether in vitro incubation with the TLR9 agonist CpG 2142 would enhance degranulation and gene expression of cytokines and Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) by neutrophils collected from foals at 2, 14, and 56 days of life, and to determine whether these stimulated responses varied among ages. Neutrophil degranulation was enhanced at all ages by in vitro stimulation with either CpG alone, R. equi alone, or in combination with either R. equi or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) (P<0.05), but not by in vitro stimulation with fMLP alone. There were no significant differences among ages in CpG-induced cytokine expression, except for IL-12p40, which was induced more at 56 days of age than on days 2 or 14. Collapsing data across ages, CpG 2142 significantly (P<0.05) increased IL-6 and IL-17 mRNA expression. We concluded that in vitro stimulation of foal neutrophils with CpG enhances their function by promoting degranulation and inducing mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-17, regardless of age. 相似文献
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Takeshi SHIMOSATO Masanori TOHNO Takashi SATO Junko NISHIMURA Yasushi KAWAI Tadao SAITO Haruki KITAZAWA 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(5):597-604
Immunostimulatory sequences of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), such as CpG ODNs, are potent stimulators of innate immunity. Here, we identified a strong immunostimulatory CpG ODN, which we named MsST, from the lac Z gene of Streptococcus (S.) thermophilus ATCC19258, and we evaluated its immune functions. In in vitro studies, MsST had a similar ability as the murine prototype CpG ODN 1555 to induce inflammatory cytokine production and cell proliferation. In mouse splenocytes, MsST increased the number of CD80+CD11c+and CD86+CD11c+ dendritic cells and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. We also analyzed the effects of MsST on the expression of regulatory cytokines by real-time quantitative PCR. MsST was more potent at inducing interleukin-10 expression than the ODN control 1612, indicating that MsST can augment the regulatory T cell response via Toll-like receptor 9, which plays an important role in suppressing T helper type 2 responses. These results suggest that S. thermophilus , whose genes include a strong Immunostimulatory sequence-ODN, is a good candidate for a starter culture to develop new physiologically functional foods and feeds. 相似文献