共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 418 毫秒
1.
大兴安岭地区笃斯越橘果实成熟期叶片矿质元素营养诊断 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】通过对大兴安岭地区笃斯越橘叶片矿质元素的研究,为笃斯越橘人工抚育、栽培中合理施肥提供理论依据。【方法】以4种生境中的笃斯越橘为试材,通过测定果实成熟期叶片中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn的含量及产量,制定笃斯越橘叶片矿质元素含量适宜值,并应用DOP法进行营养诊断。【结果】(1)水湿地生境中笃斯越橘的产量高,林下疏林中的产量中等,而林缘坡地中的产量低。(2)叶片中N的适宜值为17.70～19.67 g·kg~(-1),P的适宜值为3.56～4.60 g·kg~(-1),K的适宜值为5.22～6.13 g·kg~(-1),Ca的适宜值为3.13～3.88 g·kg~(-1),Mg的适宜值为1.90～2.27 g·kg~(-1),Fe的适宜值为109.19～158.85 mg·kg~(-1),Mn的适宜值为262.05～311.14 mg·kg~(-1),Cu的适宜值为5.44～6.42 mg·kg~(-1),Zn的适宜值为17.33～24.87 mg·kg~(-1)。(3)高产区的笃斯越橘叶片养分平衡状况优于中低产区,且高产区笃斯越橘叶片矿质养分亏缺程度较高,而中、低产区域矿质养分则过多盈余。【结论】大兴安岭地区高产区域的笃斯越橘养分平衡状况优于中低产区域。在适当补充肥料的基础上各区均具有一定的产量提升空间。 相似文献
2.
不同生长期乳苣营养器官矿质营养元素含量的动态变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国瓜菜》2020,(8)
为了研究不同生长时期乳苣营养器官矿质营养元素含量动态变化,为乳苣最佳营养时期的确立提供理论依据,以乳苣为试材,分析幼苗期、生长期和开花期乳苣根、茎、叶3大营养器官的矿物质元素含量变化。结果表明,(1)在根、茎和叶器官中,大量元素K、Mg随着时间的延长其含量逐渐下降,而开花期Ca含量显著高于幼苗期和生长期,叶片中大量元素的含量高于根和茎。(2)根中幼苗期微量元素Na、Mn、Zn含量显著高于生长期和开花期,开花期Cu含量(5.996 mg·kg~(-1))显著高于幼苗期(4.503 mg·kg~(-1))和生长期(2.966 mg·kg~(-1)),Fe在各个时期无显著变化;茎中幼苗期Na、Mn、Zn和Cu含量显著高于生长期和开花期,而生长期Fe元素含量显著高于幼苗期和开花期;叶中幼苗期Na元素含量(567.99 mg·kg~(-1))显著高于生长期(396.22 mg·kg~(-1))和开花期(304.41 mg·kg~(-1)),生长期Na、Mn、Cu含量显著高于幼苗期和开花期,开花期Zn含量显著高于生长期和幼苗期。(3)相关性分析表明,乳苣的根、茎、叶器官中大量元素之间存在显著正相关,元素的吸收具有相互促进的作用。综合以上结果表明,乳苣最佳营养时期为生长期或开花期,在幼苗期乳苣全株营养价值较低。 相似文献
3.
伸根空间是植被生态系统植物所需养分的直接提供者。以经植被恢复3年后的坡面等的植物卷材伸根空间基质为对象,分析伸根空间对基质养分含量的影响。结果表明:养分含量均值全氮(N)12.350g·kg~(-1),全磷(P)5.519g·kg~(-1),全钾(K)6.329g·kg~(-1),全钙(Ca)16.195g·kg~(-1),全镁(Mg)7.192g·kg~(-1),全铁(Fe)18.245g·kg~(-1),全锰(Mn)0.250g·kg~(-1),有效铜(Cu)1.927mg·kg~(-1),有效锌(Zn)6.675mg·kg~(-1);显著性分析表明,伸根空间对养分元素含量均具有显著性影响,有正显著影响也有负显著影响;以水泥盒(D)为对照,部分养分元素损耗速率加快,如全N、全Mn、有效Cu等,也能降低部分元素的损失速率,如全K、全Ca、全Mg、全Fe、有效Zn等。此外,对于全P,1∶0.5坡面(P2)、沙场(S)能加速P元素的损失,而其余伸根空间能够降低损失速率。根据全国第2次土壤普查养分分级标准,所有伸根空间基质K元素均表现为缺-极缺,且有效Cu在屋面(W)和渣场(Z)表现为中等,其余测定的养分元素含量均表现为稍丰/丰,证明植物卷材对于伸根空间养分保持具有积极意义。 相似文献
4.
为探明不同黄瓜品种（含品系）叶片矿质元素含量的差异,以不同黄瓜品种叶片作为试验材料,利用原子吸收分光光度计测定8种矿质元素含量,并对结果进行多元统计分析与比较。结果表明,不同黄瓜品种叶片中均具有较丰富的矿质元素,其含量分布为K>Ca>Mg>Na>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu;K和Na元素含量最高的品种为18-津绿60,Ca和Mg元素含量最高的品种为津早圆润,Fe和Mn元素含量最高的品种为S312,Zn元素含量最高的品种为20-津绿80,Cu元素含量最高的品种为WGP91。不同黄瓜品种叶片的矿质元素比例也存在差异,其中K∶Na和Fe∶Mn差异较大,而Ca∶Mg和Zn∶Cu差异较小。20个黄瓜品种可聚类成四类：第一类K、Na、Mn、Cu、Zn、Fe含量较高,但Ca、Mg含量较低;第二类Ca、Mg含量较高,但K含量较低;第三类K含量较高,但Ca含量较低;第四类K、Ca、Mg含量较高,但品种S29的Mg含量偏低。相关分析表明,Mg和Ca、Na和K、Mn与Fe之间存在显著的正相关。主成分分析表明,品种S312、津早圆润和20-津绿60矿质元素含量综合得分排前3... 相似文献
5.
以9个印度南瓜品种为试材,测定其果实营养成分(氨基酸、总糖、还原糖、水分、灰分)和8种矿质元素(Ca、Cu、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Na、Zn),并进行方差及相关分析。结果表明:氨基酸含量以"君川金栗"最高(20.90g·kg~(-1)FW);还原糖含量和总糖含量以"日本432"最高,分别为14.33、16.63g·kg~(-1)FW;水分含量为877.2~953.6g·kg~(-1)FW;灰分含量为1.45~13.92g·kg~(-1)FW。还原糖与灰分、总糖呈极显著正相关;灰分与总糖呈显著正相关;水分与总糖、还原糖、氨基酸呈极显著负相关。K含量最高,为2 021.33μg·g~(-1) FW;Mn含量最低,为1.81μg·g~(-1) FW;Fe与Mn、Mg,Na与Mg之间存在显著的正相关。 相似文献
6.
7.
基于因子分析和聚类分析的杧果种质矿质元素含量评价 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以53个杧果品种的套袋果实为试材,测定其10个矿质元素含量,运用因子分析和聚类分析等统计方法对矿质元素含量特征进行分析。结果表明,不同品种果实中矿质元素含量存在显著差异,10种元素平均含量依次为：K > P > Mg > Ca > Na > Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > B,变异系数在16.79%（P）~ 52.28%（Mn）之间;各矿质元素含量均服从正态分布;Mg与Mn、Zn、Cu、P、K、B之间,Zn、Cu、K两两之间,P与K之间均呈显著正相关;K、P、Ca、Mn和B是杧果果实的特征矿质元素;53个品种可以分为4类：（1）高K、P、Mg、Zn和Cu 含量的品种11个,（2）高Na和Fe含量的品种18个,（3）低Mg、Zn和K含量的品种8个,（4）低Ca、B和Mn含量的品种16个。 相似文献
8.
奉节脐橙园土壤养分状况普查及其与叶片养分和产量相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】探索奉节脐橙园土壤和叶片营养状况及它们对果实产量的影响,以期为合理施肥和高产管理提供理论依据。【方法】对奉节脐橙产区148个果园土壤样品和柑橘叶片进行采样,同时调查了果实产量,分析了土壤、叶片营养状况,进行了叶片营养与果实产量的相关性分析。【结果】奉节脐橙产区土壤pH变幅较大,平均值为7.12,多数为碱性,土壤有机质含量(w,后同)较为丰富,超过15 g·kg~(-1)的比例为85.81%。总体上,奉节脐橙园土壤碱解氮缺乏很严重,平均含量仅为78.71 mg·kg~(-1),而有效P、速效K含量较为丰富,平均值分别为37.02 mg·kg~(-1)和191.67 mg·kg~(-1)。交换Ca含量极为丰富,适宜值以下的比例为0,而Mg极度缺乏,其含量100%处于缺乏范围。微量元素中有效Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu较为丰富,其含量平均值分别为40.72 mg·kg~(-1)、24.04 mg·kg~(-1)、2.69 mg·kg~(-1)和2.17 mg·kg~(-1)。有效B较为缺乏,平均值为0.67 mg·kg~(-1)。奉节脐橙叶片营养元素N、P、K、Ca、Fe、Mn和Cu较为丰富,其含量平均值为29.45 g·kg~(-1)、1.50 g·kg~(-1)、13.32 g·kg~(-1)、41.23 g·kg~(-1)、133.17 mg·kg~(-1)、42.97 mg·kg~(-1)和9.51 mg·kg~(-1),而Mg和B较为缺乏,平均值分别为3.90 g·kg~(-1)和49.76 mg·kg~(-1),Zn元素极度缺乏,平均值为16.65 mg·kg~(-1)。叶片P、K、Zn含量与果实产量达到了显著或极显著相关,相关系数分别为-0.332、-0.205、-0.213。奉节脐橙产区不同乡镇土壤和叶片营养元素差异较大,通过叶片营养元素含量聚类分析10个乡镇可以分为5类。【结论】奉节脐橙园各乡镇营养差异较大,总体来讲,今后生产管理的重点是适度调节土壤pH,合理施用N、P、K肥,增施有机肥、Mg、Zn和B肥。 相似文献
9.
采用火焰原子分光光度法,测定了保定市市售的3种类型共16种蔬菜中的Ca、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 5种矿质元素,为指导人们日常饮食提供科学依据.结果表明:不同类型蔬菜中矿质元素含量不同,叶菜类蔬菜中的(Ca、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn含量高于果菜类蔬菜、根茎类蔬菜;而不同品种的蔬菜其矿质元素的含量也存在很大差异,油菜中的Ca和Mn含量最高,分别为7.6 g/100g和8.98 mg/100g;Zn含量最高的为香麦16.72 mg/100g,其次为菠菜12.63 mg/100g,洋白菜的Zn含量最低仅为0.73 mg/100g;菠菜中Fe含量最高138.43 mg/100g,其次为香麦111.11 mg/100g.综合分析结果,香麦、菠菜、油菜的Ca、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn含量要高于其它种类的蔬菜. 相似文献
10.
以南疆29种果仁兼用型杏仁为试材,采用原子吸收光谱法,研究了杏仁中矿物质组成及含量的差异,以期为果仁兼用型杏瓷漆的开发和利用提供参考依据。结果表明:南疆29种果仁兼用型杏仁的矿物质元素中,K含量最高,范围为5639.03~23614.40 mg·kg^-1,Na含量最低,范围为105.74~533.97 mg·kg^-1;含量依次为K>Mg>Ca>Na>Zn>Fe>Cu>Mn;主成分分析表明南疆果仁兼用型杏仁的特征性元素为Zn、Cu、Mn、K。在29种果仁兼用型杏种仁中,以‘卡巴克玉吕克’的K含量最高;‘库尔勒托拥’的Na含量最高;‘古木杏’的Ca含量最高;‘甜仁杏’的Mg含量最高;‘阿克托拥’的Fe含量最高;‘大优佳’的Mn含量最高;‘胡安娜’的Zn、Cu含量最高,品质好。通过系统聚类分析,基于Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn元素含量,可将29个品种分为两大类。 相似文献
11.
Robert Rosen 《Landscape Ecology》1989,3(3-4):207-216
An exceptionally rich and colorful literature, drawn in almost equal parts from pure mathematics, from the sciences, and from the technologies, has grown up over the years, which bear in different ways on the topics under discussion. It is the intent of the present paper to survey this far-flung literature, point out some of the commonalities and interrelationships which underlie it, and briefly indicate how it has been and can be applied. To my knowledge, this kind of review has not been attempted before. 相似文献
12.
Fruit cracking after rain limits the production of a number of crops, including some Ribes species. To gain a better understanding of the factors involved in cracking, fruit growth, deposition of the cuticular membrane (CM), water uptake and fruit cracking were studied in black currant (Ribes nigrum L. cv. Zema), gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa L. cv. Rote Triumph), and jostaberry (Ribes nidigrolaria B. cv. Jostine). Fruit surface area and fresh mass increased continuously throughout development, whereas deposition of the CM was biphasic. CM mass per fruit increased rapidly up to 42, 41, and 49 days after full bloom (DAFB) in black currant, gooseberry, and jostaberry, respectively. Thereafter, CM mass per fruit remained constant in gooseberry and jostaberry or increased at a lower rate in black currant. The cessation of or reduced rate of CM deposition resulted in a decrease in CM mass per unit area in all berries. Elastic strain of the CM at maturity averaged 23.8% and 19.5% in gooseberry and jostaberry, respectively, and only 8.2% in black currant. Microcracks in the CM were observed first in gooseberry and jostaberry 64 DAFB, whereas there were no microcracks in black currant. Water uptake into mature detached berries was linear over 2 h of incubation. Rates of uptake were highest in gooseberry followed by black currant and jostaberry. Relative uptake was similar via the cut end of the pedicel (32.1%), the apex of the fruit (34.7%) and the fruit surface (33.2%). Rates of water uptake through the fruit surface were positively related to surface area. Average fruit water potential for black currant, gooseberry, and jostaberry was −2.14 ± 0.17, −1.24 ± 0.03, and −1.89 ± 0.20 MPa, while the permeability for osmotic water uptake was 7.7 ± 0.4 × 10−8, 5.2 ± 0.1 × 10−8, and 3.3 ± 0.3 × 10−8 m s−1. Incubating whole fruit in deionized water for 72 h resulted in more cracked jostaberries (94%) than black currants (74%) or gooseberries (50%). A comparison of our findings in Ribes berries with published data for the sweet cherry drupe revealed that the berries fitted the relationships established in sweet cherry among fruit growth, cuticle deposition, strain of the cuticle, microcracking, permeability for osmotic water uptake, frequency of stomata and cracking. The Ribes berries were less susceptible to cracking than sweet cherry. 相似文献
13.
Wetlands, carbon, and climate change 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
William J. Mitsch Blanca Bernal Amanda M. Nahlik Ülo Mander Li Zhang Christopher J. Anderson Sven E. Jørgensen Hans Brix 《Landscape Ecology》2013,28(4):583-597
Wetland ecosystems provide an optimum natural environment for the sequestration and long-term storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, yet are natural sources of greenhouse gases emissions, especially methane. We illustrate that most wetlands, when carbon sequestration is compared to methane emissions, do not have 25 times more CO2 sequestration than methane emissions; therefore, to many landscape managers and non specialists, most wetlands would be considered by some to be sources of climate warming or net radiative forcing. We show by dynamic modeling of carbon flux results from seven detailed studies by us of temperate and tropical wetlands and from 14 other wetland studies by others that methane emissions become unimportant within 300 years compared to carbon sequestration in wetlands. Within that time frame or less, most wetlands become both net carbon and radiative sinks. Furthermore, we estimate that the world’s wetlands, despite being only about 5–8 % of the terrestrial landscape, may currently be net carbon sinks of about 830 Tg/year of carbon with an average of 118 g-C m?2 year?1 of net carbon retention. Most of that carbon retention occurs in tropical/subtropical wetlands. We demonstrate that almost all wetlands are net radiative sinks when balancing carbon sequestration and methane emissions and conclude that wetlands can be created and restored to provide C sequestration and other ecosystem services without great concern of creating net radiative sources on the climate due to methane emissions. 相似文献
14.
Ralph E. J. Boerner 《Landscape Ecology》2012,27(8):1235-1236
15.
氮磷钾硼肥配施对青花菜养分吸收分配及产量和品质的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究了不施肥处理,氮磷钾配施和增施硼肥对青花菜养分吸收分配及产量和品质的影响。结果表明,现蕾期至花球膨大期,青花菜对氮、磷、钾的吸收量最大,整个生长期对钾的吸收最多,氮次之,磷最少。氮磷钾主要分配在叶片中,现蕾后逐渐向花球转移,从现蕾到采收时,叶片中氮、磷、钾分配率分别降低了19.6%、10%和9.0%,花球中氮磷钾分配率分别提高了23.1%、15.9%和11.1%。不施氮、磷、钾肥显著降低了花球产量、维生素C含量和成品率,增施硼肥处理的花球成品率较氮磷钾肥处理提高了4.8%,不施氮肥和钾硫肥(K2SO4)显著降低了花球中的硫代葡萄糖苷含量。相关性分析表明,青花菜产量与植株内氮、钾积累量显著正相关,成品率与植株内磷营养显著正相关。 相似文献
16.
This paper is based on interviews with fifteen professionals within ecology, forestry and park and landscape architecture. The interviewees are believed to have had a large influence on woodland planning in Sweden between 1950 and 2000. They have won recognition because of their ability to transform theoretical knowledge into practical action. Their work is translating theory into practice and, as such, it may be regarded as art in its deepest sense. During a long period the educational system as well as the dominating research has been concentrating on providing better facts in a search for the best knowledge, high degrees of generality and objectivity. However, this may cause many disadvantages. It has lead to a standardisation and an oversimplification of knowledge and thereby also to an oversimplification of the landscape. This study is based on a humanistic approach, on theory of knowledge, of how facts coming from the world of natural sciences can be encapsulated in daily woodland management. 相似文献
17.
Landscape Ecology, Cross-disciplinarity, and Sustainability Science 总被引：6，自引：16，他引：6
Jianguo Wu 《Landscape Ecology》2006,21(1):1-4
18.
19.
Richard E. Toth 《Landscape Ecology》1988,1(4):193-201
A soft paradigm for landscape analysis is presented. This paradigm focuses on the analysis of function first, and then on structure. The objective is to determine which factors are operationally significant, how these factors bring about change, and how they define the spatial characteristics of landscapes. 相似文献
20.
Road Density and Landscape Pattern in Relation to Housing Density,and Ownership,Land Cover,and Soils 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Roads are conspicuous components of landscapes and play a substantial role in defining landscape pattern. Previous studies
have demonstrated the link between roads and their effects on ecological processes and landscape patterns. Less understood
is the placement of roads, and hence the patterns imposed by roads on the landscape in relation to factors describing land
use, land cover, and environmental heterogeneity. Our hypothesis was that variation in road density and landscape patterns
created by roads can be explained in relation to variables describing land use, land cover, and environmental factors. We
examined both road density and landscape patterns created by roads in relation to suitability of soil substrate as road subgrade,
land cover, lake area and perimeter, land ownership, and housing density across 19 predominantly forested counties in northern
Wisconsin, USA. Generalized least squares regression models showed that housing density and soils with excellent suitability
for road subgrade were positively related to road density while wetland area was negatively related. These relationships were
consistent across models for different road types. Landscape indices showed greater fragmentation by roads in areas with higher
housing density, and agriculture, grassland, and coniferous forest area, but less fragmentation with higher deciduous forest,
mixed forest, wetland, and lake area. These relationships provide insight into the complex relationships among social, institutional,
and environmental factors that influence where roads occur on the landscape. Our results are important for understanding the
impacts of roads on ecosystems and planning for their protection in the face of continued development. 相似文献