共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
A simulation-based interval-fuzzy nonlinear programming (SIFNP) approach was developed for seasonal planning of stream water quality management. The techniques of inexact modeling, nonlinear programming, and interval-fuzzy optimization were incorporated within a general framework. Based on a multi-segment stream water quality simulation model, dynamic waste assimilative capacity of a river system within a multi-season context was considered in the optimization process. The method could not only address complexities of various system uncertainties but also tackle nonlinear environmental?Ceconomic interrelationships in water quality management problems. In addition, interval-fuzzy numbers were introduced to reflect the dual uncertainties, i.e., imprecision associated with fixing the lower and upper bounds of membership functions. The proposed method was applied to a case of water quality management in the Guoyang section of the Guo River in China. Interval solutions reflecting the inherent uncertainties were generated, and a spectrum of cost-effective schemes for seasonal water quality management could thus be obtained by adjusting different combinations of the decision variables within their solution intervals. The results indicated that SIFNP could effectively communicate dual uncertainties into the optimization process and help decision makers to identify desired options under various complexities of system components. 相似文献
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基于响应曲面法的非道路用高压共轨柴油机设计点优化标定 总被引：10，自引：8，他引：2
针对柴油机采用高压共轨系统带来标定与优化工作量显著增加的问题,基于Box-Behnken设计与响应面法对处于标定阶段的一款非道路用高压共轨柴油机进行了研究。以该柴油机设计点为例,在最大转矩转速1 600 r/min与额定功率转速2 600 r/min的全负荷工况下,选取主喷油量、预喷油量、主喷正时以及喷油压力4个标定变量为因子,在满足设计指标与相关约束的条件下进行了优化标定。试验结果表明:基于响应曲面法建立的柴油机各二阶响应面回归模型具有良好的准确性和预测能力,决定系数R2、调整决定系数R2 adj以及预测决定系数R2 pred均在0.92以上,试验值与预测值的最大偏差不超过3.07%;优化之后得出的标定变量组合使得该非道路用高压共轨柴油机的最大转矩达到200.7 N?m,额定功率达到40.1 k W,满足其设计指标,同时有效燃油消耗率、空燃比、最高气缸压力以及最高排气歧管气体温度均在许可的约束范围之内,表明将响应曲面法用于非道路用高压共轨柴油机设计点的优化标定是可行的。 相似文献
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基于蚁群优化最小二乘支持向量回归机的河蟹养殖溶解氧预测模型 总被引：2，自引：7，他引：2
养殖池塘溶解氧是河蟹赖以生存的重要指标,及时准确地掌握溶解氧浓度变化趋势是确保高密度河蟹健康养殖的关键。为提高溶解氧预测精度和效率,该文提出了蚁群算法(ACA)优化最小二乘支持向量回归机(LSSVR)的河蟹养殖溶解氧预测方法。采用蚁群算法对最小二乘支持向量回归机的模型参数进行优化,并以自动获取的最佳参数组合构建溶解氧与其影响因子间非线性预测模型。利用该模型对江苏宜兴市2010年7月20日～7月28日期间高密度养殖池塘溶解氧进行预测。研究表明,该预测模型取得较好的预测效果,与支持向量回归机和BP神经网络相比,模型评价指标均方根误差、相对均方误差均值、平均绝对误差和和决定系数和运行时间分别为0.0328、0.0016、0.0448、0.9916和3.3275s均优于其他预测方法,ACA-LSSVR模型不仅计算复杂度低、收敛速度快、预测精度高、泛化能力强,还能满足实际高密度河蟹养殖溶解氧管理的需要,为其他领域的水质预测提供参考。 相似文献
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An autologistic regression model consists of a logistic regression of a response variable on explanatory variables and an
autoregression on responses at neighboring locations on a lattice. It is a Markov random field with pairwise spatial dependence
and is a popular tool for modeling spatial binary responses. In this article, we add a temporal component to the autologistic
regression model for spatial-temporal binary data. The spatial-temporal autologistic regression model captures the relationship
between a binary response and potential explanatory variables, and adjusts for both spatial dependence and temporal dependence
simultaneously by a space-time Markov random field. We estimate the model parameters by maximum pseudo-likelihood and obtain
optimal prediction of future responses on the lattice by a Gibbs sampler. For illustration, the method is applied to study
the outbreaks of southern pine bettle in North Carolina. We also discuss the generality of our approach for modeling other
types of spatial-temporal lattice data. 相似文献
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针对土壤源热泵系统节能运行的控制需求,该文提出一种面向系统运行控制的地埋管换热器Hammerstein-Wiener(H-W)模型。基于H-W模型结构特性和非线性特征,结合地埋管换热器168 h的实时进出、水温度数据,利用Levenberg-Marquardt寻优算法对H-W模型进行辨识,在此基础上,以48 h的逐时进水温度作为模型输入,模型预测值与相应数据的拟合度为99.44%,验证了H-W模型的预测结果。在连续1 000次的H-W模型辨识与验证测试中,拟合度高于90%的占83%。地埋管换热器H-W模型的辨识速度快、预测结果精度较高,并在持续的在线预测中显示了较强的稳定性,为土壤源热泵系统在线优化控制的实施提供了保障。 相似文献
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在横磁通风力发电机的设计与测试研究中,高质量的输出电压对风电机组背靠背变流器的可靠运行具有重要的影响作用。该文将正交设计、支持向量机非线性回归分析以及粒子群智能优化算法相结合,提出了一种以输出电压谐波最小为优化目标的横磁通发电机优化设计方法。首先,在基于标量磁位求解的三维有限元模型基础上,确定对发电机空载反电势敏感度较高的设计参数作为优化变量;其次,通过正交试验建立参数样本空间,并运用最小二乘支持向量机实现电机电磁模型的非线性回归建模,为电机优化所需的大规模迭代运算提供高效的计算模型;最后利用粒子群算法良好的全局优化特性进行寻优操作。通过一台1.5kW聚磁式横磁通永磁同步发电机设计,优化方案的空载输出电压谐波含量为14.36%,比初始方案有所降低,证明了建模和优化方案的正确性和工程实用价值。 相似文献
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种植单一的超富集植物修复重金属污染土壤,不但中断农业生产导致经济收益降低,而且因生物量较低、修复周期长等诸多弊端导致修复效果不甚理想。间作作为一种传统的农艺管理方式,利用生态位和生物多样性原理等能提高农作物对资源的有效利用,对共植的农作物种类增量提质。在中、轻度污染土壤修复中利用间作体系,通过调控超富集植物与农作物的生长发育,促进超富集植物根系低分子量有机酸(LMWOAs)的分泌,降低其根际土壤p H,增加重金属活性,从而增加超富集植物对重金属的吸收,同时抑制农作物根系LMWOAs的分泌,以减少农作物对重金属的吸收,提高其产量和品质,实现"边生产边修复",提高土地利用率,并增加经济效益。本文根据近几年来国内外相关文献,综述了间作条件下超富集植物和农作物生物量、生理生化响应、重金属吸收、转运、富集等方面的变化,以及间作对土壤环境质量的影响,并对间作修复重金属污染土壤领域的发展趋势,如超富集植物和农作物间作的信号转导和分子生物学机制、间作体系下两类植物根际微生物类群的差异及其功能机制,以及构建高效间作体系提高重金属污染土壤的修复效率等方面进行了展望。 相似文献
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基于高光谱图像的牧草粗蛋白含量反演模型 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
粗蛋白(crude protein,CP)是评价牧草品质和饲用价值的重要指标。利用高光谱技术实现大面积牧草CP含量实时、准确、无损监测是草地营养状况监测的重要内容。为掌握青海省海晏县金银滩草原牧草CP含量的分布状况,该文采用课题组航空飞艇搭载自主集成高光谱成像系统获取高分辨率高光谱图像,对高光谱数据进行光谱衍生变换,采用不同建模方法构建CP含量的反演模型。选取最佳组合的2种光谱指数为自变量构建牧草CP含量的单变量模型。对于包络线去除的衍生光谱和对数、归一化、一阶微分及其衍生组合变换光谱,使用逐步判别分析法筛选各光谱变量的特征波段作为自变量,构建牧草CP含量的多元线性和非线性回归模型,综合比较各模型的精度选择最优反演模型。结果表明,不同光谱变量相比,微分光谱变量对牧草CP含量拟合效果较好,R~2均达到0.794以上。不同多元回归模型相比,非线性回归模型精度高于对应的线性回归模型。以光谱对数后再一阶微分变量(D(log(R)))构建的多元非线性回归模型为牧草CP含量最优估算模型,R~2为0.918,RMSE为0.054。将D(log(R))建立的非线性回归模型应用于高光谱图像上,绘制研究区牧草CP含量空间分布图。研究为大区域尺度CP含量的定量反演及精准畜牧业的高效实施提供参考和技术依据,也为今后智慧畜牧业的发展奠定基础。 相似文献
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Shuiyuan Cheng Jianbing Li Beng Feng Yuquan Jin Ruixia Hao 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,178(1-4):15-36
A modeling framework by linking air quality simulation with system optimization was presented in this paper to develop cost-effective urban air quality management strategies in Fengnan district of China. The relation between the total allowable emission and wind speed as well as the relation between the total allowable emission and air-quality-guideline satisfaction were quantified based on the simulation results of the Gaussian-box modeling system. The area-source emission reduction objective in each functional zone of the study city during the heating and non-heating seasons was calculated based on such relations. A linear programming model was then developed to optimize the emission abatement which was subject to a number of dust and SO2 control measures. The economic objective of the air quality management strategy was to minimize the total emission control system cost while the environmental objective can still be satisfied. The environmental objective was reflected by the emission reduction objective of TSP, PM10 and SO2 corresponding to an air-quality-guideline satisfaction percentage of 80%. Consequently, the modeling system comprehensively took into account the information of emission reduction objectives, emission abatement alternatives, emission reduction cost, and related resources constraints. An optimal emission abatement strategy and the related cost were obtained for various pollution control measures. The results would provide sound bases for decision makers in terms of effective urban air quality management and ensuring healthy economic development in the study city. 相似文献
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为分析履带式工程车辆黏弹性悬架系统的非线性阻尼减振特性,根据其结构特点和非线性特征,建立该系统两自由度分段非线性振动模型,并由平均法推导出系统固有频率共振区附近的幅频特性方程。以装有黏弹性悬架的某300kW履式拖拉机为应用对象进行研究,分析系统在固有频率共振区附近的非线性特性和阻尼减振性能。讨论了激励幅值、地面刚度、悬架分段非线性刚度、分段线性阻尼系数、车体质量和幅频特性之间的关系,并提出改善系统减振性能的建议。该文的理论与分析方法,可为黏弹性悬架参数与系统减振性能的一致性优化设计提供参考。 相似文献
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土壤污染微生物修复领域文献计量分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
近年来土壤污染日益严重,现阶段迫切需要研究出高效经济的土壤修复技术来修复污染土壤、实现土壤资源的可持续利用。在此背景下,绿色且环境友好的微生物修复技术具有广阔的发展前景。为了解土壤微生物修复领域的研究状况、研究重点和发展趋势,采用Web of Science数据库对2001年1月 ~ 2020年5月该领域的6171篇文章进行了文献计量研究和可视化处理。分析结果表明:土壤微生物修复领域在全世界的重视程度逐渐升高,发展态势较好,且未来会进一步得到重视。欧洲国家土壤微生物修复研究开展的较早,发展中国家正在成为研究主力。对关键词进行分析可知,重金属污染的修复、微生物群落结构的变化、环境因素的控制和降解机理的探索是修复研究关注的热点。土壤微生物修复与其他修复技术联用可以收到更好的修复效果,这也已成为今后的重要发展趋势。 相似文献
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Renato Baciocchi 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2013,224(12):1-11
Sustainable remediation comprises soil and groundwater risk-management actions that are selected, designed, and operated to maximize net environmental, social, and economic benefit (while assuring protection of human health and safety). This paper describes a benchmarking exercise to comparatively assess potential differences in environmental management decision making resulting from application of different sustainability appraisal tools ranging from simple (qualitative) to more quantitative (multi-criteria and fully monetized cost-benefit analysis), as outlined in the SuRF-UK framework. The appraisal tools were used to rank remedial options for risk management of a subsurface petroleum release that occurred at a petrol filling station in central England. The remediation options were benchmarked using a consistent set of soil and groundwater data for each tier of sustainability appraisal. The ranking of remedial options was very similar in all three tiers, and an environmental management decision to select the most sustainable options at tier 1 would have been the same decision at tiers 2 and 3. The exercise showed that, for relatively simple remediation projects, a simple sustainability appraisal led to the same remediation option selection as more complex appraisal, and can be used to reliably inform environmental management decisions on other relatively simple land contamination projects. 相似文献
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Bioaccumulation of selenium and arsenic resulting from geogenic activities and aggravated by anthropogenic actions has now become a serious environmental issue. Different parts of the world are experiencing issues of selenium and arsenic contamination, especially in soil and groundwater. The present selenium and arsenic contamination scenario has been well represented in contemporary literature, and there are an array of remediation techniques targeting the decontamination of environmental contamination. The use of microbe-mediated remediation of selenium and arsenic contamination is gaining scientific attention for sustainable environmental bioremediation. The present review elucidates the different aspects of selenium and arsenic contamination, bioaccumulation, and bioremediation with implications for successful decontamination of these heavy metals. 相似文献
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An array of metal oxide sensors has been set up for detecting the vinegary defect in virgin olive oil. The optimization process was carried out evaluating the variables affecting the process by three desirability functions. Repeatability studies for 6 months and within day were done to evaluate the sensor responses and remove those with high relative standard deviation. The sensor responses were preprocessed applying five weight functions previously to build a regression model. Samples of Spanish Arbequina and Picual virgin olive oil varieties spiked with different amounts of acetic acid (15-200 mg/L) were used as a training set for the regression model. The test set was composed of samples of Italian Coratina virgin olive oil spiked with the vinegary standard at five percentages (10, 25, 40, 50, and 75). A fine-adjusted regression coefficient (R(adj)(2) = 0.98) was computed with the test set. 相似文献
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地下滴灌毛管水力要素试验 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
地下滴灌毛管滴头的压力和流量分布是其主要的水力要素,研究这一问题对地下滴灌工程的设计和运行管理具有重要的意义。该文提出了地下滴灌毛管水力要素的试验方案,可用较短毛管获得其压力流量测试数据和分布规律。针对提出的试验方案,结合地下滴灌单滴头的水力特性研究成果,建立了描述地下滴灌毛管压力、滴头流量和局部水头损失系数之间关系的非线性方程组。将这一非线性方程组计算转化为一个函数优化问题,建立其求解的优化数学模型,采用遗传算法求解。用试验数据验证了计算结果,表明用此非线性方程组可反映地下滴灌毛管压力流量分布规律,求解方法具有较高的计算精度。该方法为进一步研究地下滴灌毛管的水力要素奠定了基础。 相似文献
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UML作为一种面向对象的标准建模语言,在信息管理系统的建模领域得到了广泛的应用。概述了UML中多种模型图的使用方法和适用范围,重点分析了UML系统建模的主要过程和特点,并以一个实验预约系统为例详细介绍了系统用例模型、静态模型和动态模型的设计过程。 相似文献
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为了分析空气中可吸入颗粒物含量与植被覆盖间的关系,进而为减轻雾霾污染提供依据和参考,该文立足于环首都地区的环境污染程度,对环首都地区的空气可吸入颗粒物进行了相关的研究和分析,建立以环首都地区100 km为单位的圈层,并对该圈层下植被、土壤、环境、地形等重要因子按照不同矩形格网尺度进行划分,并取格网中心点作为研究点。并以环首都地区2013年的植被分布特点和规律为基础,按照矩形格网法通过地统计学Moran’s I法结合SPSS软件非线性回归分析植被分布与空气中可吸入颗粒物浓度间随距离变化的关系。经过Moran’s指数法分析得出环首都地区植被分布与可吸入颗粒物间随着格网尺度的增大而自相关性降低,植被盖度的自相关影响范围是6 620~7 131 m,可吸入颗粒物自相关影响范围是2 998~6 864 m。通过SPSS软件的非线性回归分析得出植被分布与可吸入颗粒物间的空间相关性影响距离是41.87 km,标准误差P均在0.001~0.003之间,相关系数R2均在80%以上,非线性回归模型拟合较好,更好的说明了环首都地区植被分布与环境污染间的空间相关关系,为日后对其他地区的植被与环境污染指数的相关性分析的研究提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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解析法-Nelder Mead单纯形算法确定太阳电池参数 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
光伏发电系统的设计计算、性能评估及优化控制要求快速、准确的确定太阳电池模型参数。针对太阳电池单、双二极管模型参数辨识问题,该文提出一种基于解析法和Nelder Mead单纯形法重启策略的A-bcNM混合算法。先用实测I-V曲线上的部分关键点计算合成参数,再以单二极管模型近似解析式快速定位搜索始点,最后在边界范围内利用Nelder Mead单纯形算法的重启策略最小化实测数据与模拟结果之间的均方根误差,以提高拟合精度及参数解的质量。MATLAB环境下,利用2种典型太阳电池的实测数据对A-bcNM算法的有效性进行了测试和验证。与已有的其他算法相比,A-bcNM算法收敛速度快,计算量小,辨识精度高,可快速、准确的确定单、双二极管模型参数,为识别太阳电池的工作特性提供了一种有效方法。 相似文献