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1.
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳方法,对加拿大披碱草、野大麦及其杂种F1、BC1F1幼苗的过氧化物酶（POD）和酯酶（EST）同工酶进行了分析。结果表明,杂种F1代POD同工酶谱表现为双亲的互补类型,正、反交F1的酶谱基本相同,杂种F1的EST同工酶谱亦主要表现为双亲的互补类型。杂种F1代POD和EST同工酶谱中亲本的个别酶带有丢失现象,又各产生了2条杂种带。BC1F1代POD同工酶谱的酶谱基本相同,EST酶带特征差异较大,出现双亲互补带和杂种带,并且有酶带的丢失现象。BC1代的POD和EST同工酶谱明显地受轮回亲本野大麦的影响,说明回交使野大麦的某些性状在BC1代进一步加强。聚类分析结果表明,株系P1F1-2与Y1F1-2及P1F1-6与P1F1-7有极其近的遗传关系,野大麦与BC1F1代各株系较披碱草有较近的遗传关系。POD与EST同工酶具多态性,可作为遗传标记用于杂种鉴定和目标性状植株的检测。 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板电泳技术对披碱草和野大麦及其杂种F1和BC1过氧化物酶(POD)同工酶做了比较分析.结果表明,亲本披碱草和野大麦的POD同工酶谱可明显地分成A、B两区,有4条相同位点的基带,从酶蛋白分子水平验证出两亲本有较近的亲缘关系;杂种F1的POD酶谱主要表现为双亲酶带的互补类型,正交(野大麦×披碱草)F1和反交(披碱草×野大麦)F1的酶谱基本相同,在个别位点存在酶带活性强弱的差别;野大麦×披碱草×野大麦(BC1)和披碱草×野大麦×野大麦(BC1)的酶谱基本相同,但也存在一定的差别,BC1的酶谱明显偏向轮回亲本野大麦,特别是野大麦×披碱草×野大麦,说明通过回交使野大麦的某些性状在BC1代中进一步加强;POD同工酶具有多态性,可作为遗传标记用于杂种的鉴定和回交后代目标性状植株的检测. 相似文献
3.
采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板电泳技术对披碱草和野大麦及其杂种 F1和 BC1过氧化物酶(POD)同工酶做了比较分析。结果表明 ,亲本披碱草和野大麦的 POD同工酶谱可明显地分成A、B两区 ,有 4条相同位点的基带 ,从酶蛋白分子水平验证出两亲本有较近的亲缘关系 ;杂种 F1的 POD酶谱主要表现为双亲酶带的互补类型 ,正交 (野大麦×披碱草 ) F1和反交 (披碱草×野大麦 ) F1的酶谱基本相同 ,在个别位点存在酶带活性强弱的差别 ;野大麦×披碱草×野大麦 (BC1)和披碱草×野大麦×野大麦 (BC1)的酶谱基本相同 ,但也存在一定的差别 ,BC1的酶谱明显偏向轮回亲本野大麦 ,特别是野大麦×披碱草×野大麦 ,说明通过回交使野大麦的某些性状在 BC1代中进一步加强 ;POD同工酶具有多态性 ,可作为遗传标记用于杂种的鉴定和回交后代目标性状植株的检测。 相似文献
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披碱草和野大麦及其杂种F1与BC1过氧化物酶同工酶分析 总被引：13，自引：7，他引：6
《草业学报》2001,10(3):38-41
采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板电泳技术对披碱草和野大麦及其杂种F1和BC1过氧化物酶(POD)同工酶做了比较分析.结果表明,亲本披碱草和野大麦的POD同工酶谱可明显地分成A、B两区,有4条相同位点的基带,从酶蛋白分子水平验证出两亲本有较近的亲缘关系;杂种F1的POD酶谱主要表现为双亲酶带的互补类型,正交(野大麦×披碱草)F1和反交(披碱草×野大麦)F1的酶谱基本相同,在个别位点存在酶带活性强弱的差别;野大麦×披碱草×野大麦(BC1)和披碱草×野大麦×野大麦(BC1)的酶谱基本相同,但也存在一定的差别,BC1的酶谱明显偏向轮回亲本野大麦,特别是野大麦×披碱草×野大麦,说明通过回交使野大麦的某些性状在BC1代中进一步加强;POD同工酶具有多态性,可作为遗传标记用于杂种的鉴定和回交后代目标性状植株的检测. 相似文献
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加拿大披碱草和老芒麦及其杂种F1同工酶分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板电泳技术对加拿大披碱草和老芒麦及其杂种F1的过氧化物酶(POD)同工酶、酯酶(EST)同工酶做了比较分析.结果表明,亲本加拿大披碱草和老芒麦的POD同工酶可明显地分成A、B两区,共有8条相同位点的酶带,为亲本的基带,在EST同工酶谱中双亲有6条基带,从酶蛋白分子水平验证出两亲本的亲缘关系相对较近;杂种F1的POD和EST同工酶谱主要表现为互补双亲的酶带类型,同时还丢失了部分双亲的酶带,杂种F1的POD和EST同工酶谱有偏向母亲遗传的倾向;亲本与杂种F1的酶谱表型均有一定的差异;POD与EST同工酶具多态性,可作为遗传标记用于杂种鉴定和目标性状植株的检测. 相似文献
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披碱草和野大麦及其杂种F1与BC1酯酶同工酶分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板电泳技术对披碱草和野大麦及其杂种F1与回交1代酯酶同工酶进行比较分析。结果表明,亲本披碱草和野大麦有位点相同的9条基带,从酶蛋白分子水平验证,两亲本有较近的亲缘关系。杂种F1的酯酶同工酶谱主要表现为双亲酶带的互补类型,亲本的个别酶带在杂种F1有丢失现象,正反交杂种F1均产生一条杂种带。杂种F1酶谱有偏向母本遗传的倾向。正反交的回交1低酯酶同工酶谱基本相同,但也存在一定的差异,回交1代的酯酶同工酶谱明显地偏向轮回亲本野大麦。酯酶同工酶具有多态性,可作为遗传标记用于杂种鉴定和回交后代目标性状植株的检测。 相似文献
7.
加拿大披碱草-野大麦三倍体杂种加倍植株同工酶分析 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
分析了加拿大披碱草-野大麦三倍体属间杂种F1加倍植株的同工酶酶谱特征。结果显示:同一生育阶段杂种自然加倍植株与加倍F1代植株在EST、POD和SOD酶带的数目、位点及强弱方面具有一致性和遗传稳定性,而与杂种F1代及亲本的酶带表型差异显著,从酶蛋白分子水平证明该杂种F1染色体加倍是真实的;加倍植株抽穗期旗叶的EST、POD酶谱中分别呈现9和4条酶带,分蘖期幼叶的EST、POD、SOD酶谱内分别呈现8、4和4条酶带,有多态性位点的特征酶带可作为杂种加倍后代育性恢复鉴定的遗传标记的候选位点;对供试材料不同生育阶段做同工酶酶谱对比分析,比单一生育阶段更能反映其酶带表型的遗传差异性,提高同工酶电泳技术鉴定结果的准确性。 相似文献
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中间偃麦草、长穗偃麦草及其杂种F1代同工酶研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对过氧化物酶(POD)、酯酶(EST)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)同工酶谱的分析,探讨中间偃麦草(Elytrigia elongata(Host)Nevski)、长穗偃麦草(E.intermedia(Host)Nevski)及其杂种F1代的酶谱特征和亲缘关系。结果表明:亲本同工酶酶带数目、迁移率、着色程度等差异不大,二者亲缘关系较近。与亲本相比,杂种F1代存在POD、SOD、PPO酶带丢失现象,但正、反交植株中均产生了一些亲本没有的新生带。杂种F1代EST酶谱与亲本基本相同,仅着色程度略有差异。杂种F1代植株的POD、PPO酶谱特征有偏向中间偃麦草的倾向,而SOD酶谱特征倾向于长穗偃麦草。杂种F1代同工酶具有多态性,可作为遗传标记用于杂种鉴定和后代株系目标性状的选择。 相似文献
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应用RAPD技术对披碱草Elymus
dahuricus和野大麦Hordeum brevisubulatum及其杂种F1与BC1代的遗传差异性进行了研究.结果表明,各供试材料基因组DNA具有很高的多态性;依据遗传相似系数,亲本披碱草和野大麦之间的遗传差异较大,正、反交杂种F1均偏向披碱草遗传,正、反交F1间的遗传差异不显著,BC1代偏向轮回亲本野大麦遗传,不同株系间存在遗传差异.RAPD技术可用于禾草远缘杂种鉴定及目标性状植株检测的遗传标记. 相似文献
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披碱草和野大麦杂种F1与BC1F1代的生物学及农艺特性研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
对披碱草和野大麦及其杂种F1与BC1F1代的生物学及农艺特性进行了分析比较。结果表明。亲本野大麦生长发育节律较快，较早地开花结实，果后营养期较长，生育期74d，生长天数达206d，具有很强的分蘖能力；披碱草生长发育节律较慢，生育期124d，生长天数193d；杂种F1的生长天数介于双亲之间，生长动态偏向亲本披碱草，分蘖能力介于双亲之间；BC1F1代生长发育节律较F1代提早，不同株系生长天数不同，生长动态偏向轮回亲本野大麦，分蘖能力有较大的变异。杂种F1代表现出较强的杂种优势，BC1F1代产草量较F1代有所降低，不同株系间存在明显的差异。总体上，BC1F1代的生产性能倾向于轮回亲本野大麦。 相似文献
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选择中国大陆最早分离的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)A/Chicken/Guangdong/SS/94(H9N2)(缩写为SS株)和1998年大流行时期分离的H9N2亚型AIVA/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98(H9N2)(缩写为F株)为研究对象,对其在SPF鸡体内的复制能力和传播途径特性比较后发现,F株在4周龄SPF鸡气管中的复制能力高于SS株,F株可以经气溶胶传播途径传播,SS株不能经气溶胶传播途径传播;利用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法获取F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的cDNA,序列分析得知,F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的同源性分别是96.6%和98.1%;HA基因的裂解位点氨基酸序列都是PARSSR↓GL,但有5个氨基酸的差异,即166位N(F)→D(SS)、198位A(F)→V(SS)、217位V(F)→I(SS)、335位G(F)→R(SS)、504位L(F)→S(SS);2株病毒的NA基因在63~65位都存在氨基酸缺失,但在NA基因红细胞吸附位点的氨基酸序列不同,分别是IKKDSRSG(F)和IKEDLRSG(SS)。F株和SS株的传播特性差异是否与其表面基因序列有关,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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禽类的起源、演化及我国主要家禽品种类型与分布 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
家禽是重要经济价值动物.本文从禽类种群进化学说出发,简介了禽类的起源、演化、动物学分类和家禽的驯化(养)与品种的形成,并对我国主要家禽(鸡、鸭、鹅)地方品种和培育品种(配套系)的分布与类型作了描述,以期为研究我国家禽起源系统,保护与利用我国家禽品种,促进家禽生产可持续发展提供参考. 相似文献
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近年以来,由于市场因素的刺激,生猪的存养量大幅上升,再加上由于流通环节较多,流通非常频繁,流通距离越来越远。这对繁荣经济,增加养殖效益起了重要的推动作用,但也同时给疾病的感染和传播创造了有利条件,给猪病的防治带来了困难。有的猪场感染了传染病后,由于治疗不及时不得法,而造成了惨重的经济损失。2008年7月中旬,我街道一养猪户因盲目从外地购进中猪,发生猪病疫情,引起猪只连续死亡,造成一定的经济损失。根据流行病学、临床症状、剖检变化和实验室诊断,诊断该病为猪链球菌病和猪伪狂犬病混合感染,现报告如下。 相似文献
14.
１前言１．１鸡白冠病鸡白冠病是由卡氏住白细胞原虫寄生于鸡的红细胞和单核细胞而引起的鸡的贫血性疾病。吸血昆虫蚋和库蠓叮咬鸡引起传播，是主要的传播媒介，一般在夏末和秋季多发，由于夏季降雨量较大，部分沟渠积水，库蠓和蚋多孳生，因此在多雨水涝的年份发病率明显增高。１９９８年中国从南到北发生洪涝灾害，吸血昆虫的孳生格外严重，出现了一个白冠病多发年，而后两年发病稍轻，并有地区性，今年８月中旬以来白冠病的发病呈抬头趋势，有一定的死亡率，对蛋鸡产蛋率也会引起一定程度的降低，应引起养鸡户的重视。１．２鸡痘鸡痘也是… 相似文献
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Pinard CL Weiss ML Brightman AH Fenwick BW Davidson HJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(1):104-108
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lactoferrin and lysozyme content in various ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tissues of ocular glands obtained from 15 bison and 15 cattle and tears collected from 38 bison. PROCEDURE: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect lysozyme and lactoferrin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of the ocular glands. Protein gel electrophoresis was used to analyze ocular glands and pooled bison tears by use of a tris-glycine gel and SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was used to detect lactoferrin and lysozyme. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining for lactoferrin was evident in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison and the deep gland of the third eyelid (Harder's gland) in cattle. Equivocal staining for lactoferrin was seen for the Harder's gland in bison. An 80-kd band (lactoferrin) was detected via electrophoresis and western blots in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison, Harder's glands of cattle, and bison tears. An inconsistent band was seen in Harder's glands of bison. Lysozyme was not detected in the lacrimal gland of cattle or bison with the use of immunohistochemical analysis or western blots. Western blots of bison tears did not reveal lysozyme. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Distribution of lactoferrin and a lack of lysozyme are similar in the lacrimal gland of cattle and bison. Differences in other tear components may be responsible for variability in the susceptibility to infectious corneal diseases that exists between bison and cattle. 相似文献
19.
Harvey CE 《Journal of veterinary dentistry》2002,19(4):186-195
Crown width, height and buccal surface areas were measured on heads or skulls of four dogs and four cats, and were compared with similar measurements on models of human dentition. Buccal surface area variability was greater in dogs and cats than in humans, and teeth of cats were smaller. Horizontal (gingival and occlusal halves) and vertical (mesial, middle, and distal thirds) buccal surface area variability was also greater in canine and feline teeth compared with human teeth. This increased variability suggests the need for testing of reliability and repeatability of scoring when using plaque and calculus indices based on horizontal or vertical segmentation. Buccal surface area variability between teeth also prompts questioning the validity of equal weighting of smaller, irregularly-shaped teeth when calculating a mean mouth score. Whether equal or more reliable results would be obtained from scores of whole teeth in comparison with segmentation indices used currently has yet to be determined. 相似文献
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Over a period of about 12 years, 30 abnormal Schistosoma mattheei cercariae were found among a total of approximately 2.8 million examined. Initially seven were recovered from about 1.02 million (0.0007%), which were examined individually while being counted with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope. Subsequently, on the strength of relatively high percentages of abnormal individuals recovered when counting cercariae that failed to penetrate into oxen, it appeared that the morphologically abnormal cercariae were unable to swim and would mostly sediment out of a suspension while most of the normal cercariae would remain swimming. This surmise is supported by recovery of 23 morphologically abnormal cercariae (0.001%) from about 1.8 million, by examining the sediment after the cercarial suspension had been left standing undisturbed in glass measuring cylinders. The abnormalities ranged from aberrant tails only (e.g. an underdeveloped tail, or different degrees of schism) or aberrant heads only, to abnormalities of both the heads and tails. A suggested schematic classification of abnormal cercariae is presented. A young, adult hamster was exposed to eight S. mattheei cercariae with complete schism of the shaft of the tail, by pipetting the cercariae onto the shaved abdominal skin of the anaesthetised animal. Two underdeveloped females were subsequently encountered in squash preparations of the liver when the hamster was killed for worm recovery 10 weeks after infection, thus showing that some of the abnormal cercariae were viable. A method is also described for killing and fixing cercariae while retaining some of the shining brilliance of live cercariae, without them becoming shrivelled, granular and semi-opaque, as occurs when cercariae die spontaneously or are killed with heat. This is apparently the first report of abnormal cercariae of S. mattheei. In addition, a method of concentrating abnormal cercariae after emergence from a snail, a schematic classification of abnormal cercariae and a method for killing and fixing cercariae while retaining much of the shiny brilliance of live cercariae are also reported for the first time as far as is known. 相似文献