共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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西北地区灌溉的生态环境及对策研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
西北地区干旱缺水，生态环境脆弱，水资源是生态环境的主要控制因素。灌溉对西北地区的生态环境既有正效益，也有负效益。制定流域水资源利用规划，要考虑全流域的生态环境问题，以达到水资源持续利用和环境与经济协调发展。 相似文献
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邢大韦 《中国生态农业学报》1999,7(3):21-24
西北地区干旱缺水,生态环境脆弱,水资源是生态环境的主要控制因素。灌溉对西北地区的生态环境既有正效益,也有负效益。制定流域水资源利用规划,要考虑全流域的生态环境问题,以达到水资源持续利用和环境与经济协调发展。 相似文献
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西北地区年降水量非常少,蒸发量大,水资源极度短缺,生产生活和城市绿化用水与发展之间的矛盾明显,科学合理利用水资源对西北地区城市发展非常重要.针对各类水源和不同用水方式进行科学合理的规划,对于解决由于水资源缺乏带来的城市发展障碍问题和促进城市发展及园林绿化建设显得日益重要.基于此,概括西北地区的城市水资源,从大力进行沙河... 相似文献
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合理安排生态用水是搞好西北生态环境建设的关键 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
介绍了西北地区水资源利用的特点,指出在西北地区水资源开发利用配置应充分考虑生态环境用水。引用大量事实比较全面的阐述了引起生态环境变化的关键因素是水。有水或无水是生态环境恶化与改善的症结所在。在此基础上,归纳梳理一些从事水资源研究与管理领导和专家对合理安排生态用水的认识和设想,分区域从自然条件特征、水资源配量布局、管理机制和生态环境建设与保护的措施组成等四个方面,提出了确保生态环境用水的途径。 相似文献
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开发利用水资源改善西北生态环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
西北地区水源枯竭,用水浪费,水体污染严重、水资源严重短缺,是制约西北区域经济发展关键因素,提出合理利用天然降水资源,经济可行,是水资源科学利用的一个途径;全民节水,科学配水,建设节水型社会,是合理利用水资源的一个侧面;理顺管理关系,优化配置水资源,综合治理,确立生态农业,涵养水分,改善生态环境,是水资源科学管理的有效途径,启动南水北调工程,是解决西北地区水资源短缺、改善生态环境的战略之计,通过以上途径,开发利用水资源,改善西北生态环境,支持区域经济可持续发展。 相似文献
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西北地区水资源安全的生态系统途径 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
我国西北地区是资源型缺水地区,对水资源进行科学、有效的管理无疑是该地区可持续发展的核心问题之一。在分析了生态系统管理的概念、特点、对于自然资源管理的意义,以及影响西北地区水资源安全性的生态学原因之后,提出了西北地区确保水资源安全的生态系统途径。包括：建立以流域为单元的水资源生态系统管理模式;充分利用市场机制,完善水资源管理模式;以水资源承载力和水资源安全为基础,进行西北地区的生态环境建设;加强水生态环境管理,避免因水污染造成更加严重的水危机。 相似文献
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Suyundukov Ya. T. Suyundukova M. B. Bezuglova O. S. Khabirov I. K. Khasanova R. F. Semenova I. N. Rafikova Yu. S. Ilbulova G. R. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2022,55(1):27-35
Eurasian Soil Science - The results of the study of the properties of urban soils of the city of Sibay located in the mining region of the Republic of Bashkortostan are presented. A specific... 相似文献
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Kholodov V. A. Farkhodov Y. R. Yaroslavtseva N. V. Ziganshina A. R. Maksimovich S. V. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2022,55(7):998-1004
Eurasian Soil Science - Layers were step-by-step removed from macroaggregates (2–1 mm in diameter) of Protocalcic Chernozems via successive abrasion in a revolving rotator during 5, 10, 15,... 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(15-16):1631-1646
Abstract Brazil has approximately 30 million hectares of lowland areas, known locally as “Varzea,”; distributed throughout the country. Soils in these areas have the potential to support agricultural production, but very little is known about their fertility. The current experiment was undertaken to characterize the chemical and physical properties of representative “Varzea”; soils collected at 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, and 60–80 cm depth intervals from 23 sites in Goias State of Brazil. Organic matter contents averaged 42 g/kg in the surface 20 cm of soil and should make a significant contribution to overall nutrient availability. Soil pH increased slightly with depth from a mean value of 5.2 in the surface 20 cm of soil to a mean value of 5.4 in the 60–80 cm depth interval. Several soils had exchangeable Al values ≥ 1.0 cmol Al/kg, but soil Al saturation was generally less than the 60% level frequently associated with Al toxicity. However, cereal and legume production could benefit from lime addition in many of these soils. Although base saturation was fairly low in some soils, exchangeable Ca and Mg levels were, in general, adequate throughout the profile. Extractable P levels were adequate in most surface soil samples. Extractable K levels in these soils were generally low, and the application of K fertilizers should be beneficial, especially in conjunction with lime addition. The high clay content “Varzea”; soils of the Brazilian lowlands have some drainage problems but generally exhibit favorable chemical properties for crop production when compared to soils of the well‐drained Cerrados. 相似文献
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Ye. V. Rogozhina N. V. Kostina L. S. Malyukova 《Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin》2011,66(1):32-35
An estimation of potential nitrogen-fixing activity of various soil types under agrophytocenoses of tea, filbert, peach, and
pawpaw which grow in the area of Greater Sochi is given. High indicators of nitrogen fixation activity in the soil in the
course of vegetation were characteristic of agrocenoses of pawpaw, peach, and filbert. The lowest level of nitrogen fixation
was noted in the soil of a tea plantation. A negative correlation dependence of potential nitrogen-fixing activity on the
acidity of the soil solution was established. A study of the seasonal dynamics of the activity of nitrogen fixation of soils
of agrocenoses of the subtropical zone of Russia made it possible to distinguish a less active winter and more active spring-summer-autumn
periods. 相似文献
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物联网是一个集信息通信、数据交换、传感器技术与软件工程于一体的综合性产业,探讨和分析了物联网的结构体系与发展中遇到的安全问题。 相似文献
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荔枝种子从果实中剥离出来后, 即使在室内条件下, 也极易失水干缩, 潮湿环境中又易发霉而腐烂。扫描电镜观察表明: 种皮上布满纹孔, 水分散失面积很大; 种脐部为疏松的海绵组织, 且营养丰富。据此, 生产上应对种子彻底清洗, 并保存于适当湿度的环境中, 以提高其发芽率。 相似文献
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The rate of popping of popcorn was measured in oil and in air. Kinetic data for lifetimes of individual kernels from a large population were obtained in oil at six constant temperatures (180–250°C) and also in an air‐popper at 202°C. The data are characterized by an induction period, which is, significantly, followed by a first‐order decrease in the number of unpopped kernels versus time. The activation energy for the first order process is 166.7 kJ/mol between 180 and 210°C, and 53.8 kJ/mol between 210 and 250°C. These data are consistent with a model that assumes 1) that the rate of heat transfer into a kernel follows Newton's law of cooling; 2) that in a sample of kernels there exists a distribution of critical pressures; 3) that for an individual kernel, the probability of popping is directly proportional to the difference between the internal aqueous vapor pressure and the kernel's critical pressure; and 4) that the measured rate constant at any temperature is an average overall of the kernels in the sample with critical pressures equal to or less than the internal aqueous vapor pressure. Minimum popping temperatures predicted by the model are 181 ± 2°C (oil) and 187 ± 2°C (air), in good agreement with previously reported direct measurements. 相似文献
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三门峡水库库岸坍塌成因分析与防治措施研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
三门峡水库自1960年9月蓄水运行以来,库岸坍塌现象频繁发生,平均每年塌岸0.5～0.7亿m3.指出了造成库岸坍塌的原因主要是地质环境的影响以及水力条件的变化;不同的地形、地貌、地质结构和岩性特征,表现了不同的塌岸强度,其中黄土塬区为极强塌岸段,黄河Ⅱ级阶地为强烈塌岸段,黄河Ⅰ级阶地为中等强烈塌岸段;分析了引起库岸坍塌的主要水力条件有大气降水、地表水和地下水,并且不同水力条件及其变化特征,对库岸坍塌影响的方式和程度也不同;最后给出了防治库岸坍塌应采用标本兼治的原则,治标是指对塌岸进行必要的加固、支挡、衬砌等;治本就是根据引起塌岸的原因以及不同地质环境条件下的塌岸特征和水力条件,因地制宜,因害设防,从根本上进行综合治理. 相似文献