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从生物柴油、生物乙醇和生物氢气3个方面对生物能源的开发利用及生物能源的生产技术研究现状进行综述，提出了目前研究中存在的问题，展望了今后生物能源的发展方向。 相似文献
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阐述生物多样性的概念、特点、影响因子,分析生物多样性与害虫生态控制之间的关系,提出如何合理通过对生物多样性的有效保护、协调实现害虫生态控制和建议和参考。 相似文献
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农业转基因生物包括转基因动植物和微生物及有关产品。综述了转基因作物的发展历程,主要转基因生物的种植面积、产值,我国在这方面的研究和应用情况以及世界各地对转基因作物对人类安全性的争论焦点。同时就欧盟与美国对农业转基因生物的安全管理进行了比较。指出了我国对转基因生物安全管理的法律法规、管理体系、对策等一些具体措施。预见了转基因生物的发展形势。 相似文献
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油菜作为生物柴油原料的研究进展 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
针对我国石油资源有限，将长期依赖进口的国情，我国应立足于本国原料,大规模生产替代液体燃料——生物柴油。论述了生物柴油的发展现状、生物柴油的特点，认为生物柴油发展前景广阔；从油菜作为生物柴油的优势，认为油菜是生物柴油最理想的原料。国内外生物技术的突破性进展，显示了运用基因工程可以改良创制“能源油菜”。并对我国目前发展油菜生物柴油存在的问题，提出相应的对策。 相似文献
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[目的]探讨旺得丰有机-无机生物复混肥与比斯美生物有机肥在水稻上的应用效果。[方法]进行田间试验,室内考种分析,探讨2种肥料在水稻上的应用效果。[结果]旺得丰有机-无机生物复混肥与比斯美生物有机肥处理的水稻,表现为熟期提早,植株矮壮,后期熟相好。虽有效穗比对照分别有所减少,但穗粒数、结实率、千粒重均有所增加。比斯美生物有机肥处理的水稻与对照平产,旺得丰有机-无机生物复混肥处理的水稻产量比对照增加0.54个百分点。[结论]旺得丰有机-无机生物复混肥具有较好的肥效,比斯美生物有机肥肥效不明显,能够节省化肥的使用。 相似文献
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本文以科学发展观为指导,系统总结和分析了麻类研究所开展麻类生物加工研究近40年的发展历程、重要成就.同时,根据产业发展需求,进一步明确了麻类纤维生物提取与工程研究的潜力和前景,可为我国传统的纤维质制造业如纺织、造纸等行业和新型的生物质产业发展提供重要科学依据. 相似文献
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桉树人工林生物多样性研究进展 总被引：56，自引：3，他引：56
桉树人工林生物多样性减少是一个普遍现象,主要表现在遗传多样性、物种多样性和生态系统多样性的减少。桉树人工林生物多样性减少有自然环境因素,也有人为因素。桉树生物多样性减少的后果是水土流失加剧、土地退化、林地生产力下降、生态环境劣化、生态稳定性差,但这些与生物多样性本身是多向互为因果关系,并非单向因果关系。不过桉树人工林生物多样性减少的真实原因并没有搞清楚,需要从群落或生态系统的角度深入全面加以研究,并在此基础上提出确实可行的维持桉树人工林足够高的生物多样性的整套措施。 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(2):189-198
AbstractGrain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):415-432
Summary This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed. 相似文献
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以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。 相似文献
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Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the
water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during
mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal
resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No
such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m−2 s−1 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop. 相似文献
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体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望. 相似文献
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Summary Potatoes were left in the soil from December, when the vines died, until February (cvs Claustar and Sebago) or April (cv.
Spunta) in a location of central Greece with light, well drained soils and a mild climate. Tubers were analysed every two
months for dry matter and sugar content and usually the dry matter content did not change significantly from December to February
or April. The reducing sugars increased from December to February in tubers of all cultivars and significantly decreased in
cv. Spunta from February to April. 相似文献
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Kenji Suzuki Tomonori Sato Yukiyo Yamamoto Jun Furuya 《Paddy and Water Environment》2008,6(1):129-137
In order to find the changes in rainfall characteristics and to examine the flood damage to lowland rice, a statistical analysis
was carried out on the 40-year daily rainfall record at four rainfall stations (Thangon, Paksane, Seno, and Pakse) in Laos.
The rainfall record was divided into two periods of 20 years each. The results of this analysis revealed the trends in changes
regarding the frequency and the timing of the heavy daily rainfall events at the four stations. In Paksane in particular,
heavy daily rainfall events tended to occur in the latter half of the rainy season. 相似文献
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马铃薯产量、品质、加工等方面都较其他作物有更大的提升空间,但由于四倍体马铃薯存在遗传基础狭窄且复杂、难以创新等诸多问题阻碍了相关研究的深入开展。利用马铃薯单倍体或双单倍体植株有望解决上述诸多难题。马铃薯单倍体具有加速育种过程、提高选择效率等优点。马铃薯单倍体的获得包括花药培养、花粉培养、孤雌生殖、子房培养。其中,花药培养因更易取材,并且得到胚性细胞团、愈伤组织或胚状体的几率更大等优点而研究最为广泛。获得单倍体植株的成功率与试验材料的基因型、培养条件、培养基添加物等诸多因素相关。根据不同的诱导方法简要阐述了中国马铃薯单倍体研究的历史及进展。 相似文献