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蜂毒是蜜蜂工蜂毒腺分泌出来的一种具有芳香气味成分复杂的混合物,主要含有蜂毒肽、蜂毒明肽、肥大细胞脱粒肽等多肽类;另外还有透明质酸酶、磷脂酶A2等50多种活性酶类,以及组织胺、多巴胺等生物活性物质。蜂毒中研究较多的是蜂毒肽,它是一种水溶性阳离子两亲性细胞毒肽。蜂毒肽占蜂毒比重的45~50%,是蜂毒中的主要功能物质。蜂毒肽呈碱性和正电性,易溶于水,相对分子质量为2800左右,具有消炎、降压、镇痛、抑制血小板凝集、抗辐射、抗菌、抗病毒(如抗HSV—l病毒、抗HIV)、抗风湿性关节炎及抗肿瘤等多种药理活性[1-2]。近年来研究较多的抗肿瘤、抗艾滋病毒的作用,引起了人们 相似文献
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蜂毒肽是蜂毒中主要的活性成分,具有广泛的抗肿瘤、抗炎症、镇痛、抗病毒等生理活性,极具潜在的临床药用价值.对蜂毒肽的抗肿瘤作用机制,主要包括对肿瘤细胞的直接杀伤效应,诱导肿瘤细胞发生损伤和凋亡,影响肿瘤细胞的生物学行为,改变肿瘤细胞生存环境和免疫调节作用等进行了综述,并简要分析了蜂毒肽在实际应用中所面临的挑战. 相似文献
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我国天然蜂毒主要采自意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica），天然蜂毒是具有苦香气味的透明液体，在室温下很快就干燥至原来重量的30-40％。蜂毒是一种成分十分复杂的混合物，经过各国学者几十年的研究，已知蜂毒含有多种生物活性物质，如蜂毒肽（melittin）、蜂毒明肽（apamin）、MCD肽（mast cell deganulating peptide）、磷酸脂酶A2、玻璃酸酶和其他非肽类有机物质。其中蜂毒肽是蜂毒的主要成分，其重量占蜂毒干物质45-50％。蜂毒肽具有很高的生物学作用和药理作用，其半数致死量（LD50）为4．0mg／kg，现代药理研究表明蜂毒肽具有抗炎、镇痛、抑制血小板凝聚和抗肿瘤等作用。本文重点综述了蜂毒肽的抗肿瘤作用，抗菌作用和抗HIV病毒作用的新进展。 相似文献
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蜂毒的研究与临床应用进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
蜂毒是一种成分复杂的混合物 ,除含有 80 %～ 89%的水分外 ,还含有蜂毒肽、活性酶、生物胺和其它酸类物质 ,具有较高的药理学和生物学效应 ,在临床上医治某些顽症有独特疗效。1 蜂毒的药理研究进展1 1 对神经系统的作用 蜂毒是向神经性的 ,在大脑网状组织中具有阻滞作用和溶胆碱活性 ,并能改变皮质的生物电活性 ,具有明显的神经节阻滞活性。蜂毒能抑制周围神经冲动传导 ,对神经节阻断。蜂毒对突触前后膜均有作用 ,突触传递受阻 ,神经节后电位延长[1,2 ] 。1 2 对心血管系统作用 在离体动物心肌 ,蜂毒肽具有很强心肌毒性作用。注射蜂… 相似文献
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蜂毒肽的结构、功能及分子生物学研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
蜂毒肽 (ｍｅｌｉｔｔｉｎ)亦称蜂毒溶血肽 ,是一种昆虫抗菌肽 ,是意大利蜂蜂毒的主要成分之一 ,占蜂毒干重的 5 0 % ,是蜂毒中的主要多肽成分 ,不仅具有抗菌、消炎、抗关节炎等作用 ,对辐射还有预防和治疗作用 ,可使受辐射动物的生存率提高2 0 %～ 6 0 % [1] 。近年来发现其具有抗肿瘤、抗艾滋病毒的作用 ,引起了人们的极大关注。1 蜂毒肽的结构蜂毒肽由 2 6个氨基酸残基组成 ,是由蜜蜂毒腺中合成的蜂毒肽前体蛋白 (ｐｒｏｍｅｌｉｔｔｉｎ)经二肽蛋白酶水解而成的 ,其相对分子质量为 2 84 9,氨基酸的排列顺序为 :甘 -异亮 -甘 -丙 -缬 -… 相似文献
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1 蜂毒的降压作用蜂毒具有明显的降血压作用,能适应治疗高血压要降压的需要。蜂毒在降低动脉压的同时,具有扩张血管的能力,使脑血容量增加。给动物注射蜂毒后引起低血压,主要是由于溶血卵磷脂促使内源性组织胺从组织中释放出来的缘故。专家研究证实:蜂毒中的蜂毒肽、MCD-肽和PL 相似文献
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美国研究人员在《抗病毒疗法》杂志上发表报告称,他们研发出一种基于蜜蜂蜂毒的抗艾滋病特殊疗法,能在不损害人体正常细胞的前提下,有效破坏艾滋病病毒,阻止其传播.
美国圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院的研究人员发现,蜜蜂蜂毒中名为蜂毒肽的毒素可刺破艾滋病病毒的保护外层,当携带蜂毒肽的纳米粒子接触到艾滋病病毒时,病毒会被纳米粒子表面的蜂毒肽有效摧毁. 相似文献
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阐述了纳米技术在蜂胶、蜂毒和蜂蜡等蜂产品中的研究进展和应用前景,并简述了纳米技术在蜂产品应用中的潜在危害。 相似文献
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Hemolytic anemia,spherocytosis, and thrombocytopenia associated with honey bee envenomation in a dog
Rajeev Nair Emily A. Riddle Mary Anna Thrall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2019,48(4):620-623
This case report describes a massive honey bee envenomation in a 14‐month‐old male Belgian Malinois dog from St. Kitts, West Indies. Acute and delayed onsets of hemolytic anemia, echinocytosis, spherocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hemoglobinemia, and hemoglobinuria developed following envenomation. The dog recovered after treatment with glucocorticoids and supportive therapy. Spherocytosis, hemolysis, and thrombocytopenia in patients with massive bee envenomation are likely due to the direct toxic effects of the primary components of bee venom, melittin and phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Mellitin causes hemolysis by forming large pores in erythrocytes resulting in leakage of hemoglobin and also causes spectrin stiffening and resultant echinocyte and spherocyte formation. Melittin also stimulates PLA2, a hydrolase that causes echinocytosis and spherocytosis, in vivo and in vitro, and mitochondrial breakdown in platelets. However, delayed manifestations could be attributed to immune‐mediated mechanisms from the generation of antibodies against damaged erythrocytes and platelet membrane proteins. 相似文献
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Katoh N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(9):779-783
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a phosphotransferase activated by diacylglycerols, phospholipids and Ca(2+), that regulates a wide variety of biological functions by phosphorylating multiple protein substrates such as annexin I. Annexin I is a phospholipid/Ca (2+)-binding protein distributed in various tissues, including the mammary gland, and is thought to mediate the anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticoids by inhibiting phospholipase A(2). Melittin, a phospholipase A(2) activator in bee venom, is known to inhibit PKC activity when lysine-rich histone is used as the substrate. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether phosphorylation by PKC of annexin I from cow mammary gland was inhibited by melittin. Melittin inhibited annexin I phosphorylation by PKC in a dose-dependent manner, and its IC(50) value (concentration causing 50% inhibition) was 0.8 microM. The phosphorylation of annexin I was also inhibited by the amphiphilic polypeptides mastoparan and polymyxin B, and their inhibitory effects were comparable to that of melittin. The surface-inactive polypeptide bacitracin was less effective. The inhibition by melittin was effectively reversed by the excess addition of phosphatidylserine, but not distinctly by 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol or Ca(2+), suggesting that melittin inhibited the phosphorylation of annexin I by interacting with phosphatidylserine. The inhibition by melittin of PKC phosphorylation of annexin I seems to be pathophysiologically important, because a melittin-like phospholipase A(2)-stimulatory protein is present in bovine endothelial cells. 相似文献
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N. Or&#;oli&#; A. Kne&#;evi&#; L. &#;ver S. Terzi&#; B. K. Hackenberger I. Ba&#;i&#; 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2003,1(4):216-226
The effect of propolis [it is a water‐soluble derivative (WSDP)] and related polyphenolic compounds of propolis (caffeic acid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester and quercetin), honey, royal jelly and bee venom on tumour growth, metastasizing ability and induction of apoptosis and necrosis in murine tumour models (mammary carcinoma and colon carcinoma) was investigated. WSDP and related polyphenolic compounds showed significant anti‐metastatic effect (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001) given either before or after tumour‐cell inoculation. Oral or systemic application of WSDP or caffeic acid significantly reduced subcutaneous tumour growth and prolonged the survival of mice. Honey also exerted pronounced anti‐metastatic effect (P < 0.05) when applied before tumour‐cell inoculation (peroral 2 g kg?1 for mice or 1 g kg?1 for rats, once a day for 10 consecutive days). Royal jelly did not affect metastasis formation when given intraperitoneally or subcutaneously. However, intravenous administration of royal jelly before tumour‐cell inoculation significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited metastasis formation. When mice were given 105 tumour cells intravenously immediately after bee venom injection, the number of tumour nodules in the lung was significantly lower (P < 0.001) than in untreated mice or mice treated with bee venom subcutaneously. Local presence of bee venom in the tissue caused significant delay in subcutaneous tumour formation. These findings clearly demonstrate that anti‐tumour and anti‐metastatic effects of bee venom are highly dependent on the route of injection and on close contact between components of the bee venom and tumour cells. These data show that honey bee products given orally or systemically may have an important role in the control of tumour growth and tumour metastasizing ability. 相似文献
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Ana Rostaher Ralf S Mueller Lena Meile Claude Favrot Nina Maria Fischer 《Veterinary dermatology》2021,32(2):206-e52
A 1.5-year-old male castrated dog was presented in anaphylactic shock after suffering an apparent bee sting. Immunotherapy with bee venom was initiated based upon history, skin testing and serological testing for allergen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E. The dog was maintained on venom immunotherapy for five years and showed no signs of adverse effects from therapy or from repeated bee stings. 相似文献
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为探讨独穴蜂针疗法与蜜蜂毒素对变应性鼻炎的防治效果,５年来采用独穴蜂针疗法治疗了３２例全年性变应性鼻炎病人,结果有效率为１００％,两年治愈率为７８％,说明独穴蜂针疗法对变应性鼻炎具有特殊的防治效果。结果提示：蜂针疗法是一种自然的生物免疫疗法,蜂毒液可能为一类天然的有效的生物应答调节剂,通过调节机体的免疫系统而产生抗过敏、抗感染、抗肿瘤作用。 相似文献
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