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1.
不同经营模式毛竹混交林土壤肥力性状及其水文效应研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对毛竹阔叶树混交林、毛竹杉木混交林及毛竹纯林等不同经营模式林分比较,结果表明：毛竹混交能改善土壤表层孔隙和通气状况,竹阔混交林土壤较毛竹纯林疏松,竹阔混交林比毛竹纯林有较大的持水能力;竹阔混交有利于维持土壤肥力,防止地力衰退;毛竹混交林地上部分具有较强的持水能力,总持水量以半天然竹杉混交林为最大,达5.3321t·hm^-2。 相似文献
2.
分析比较半荒芜天然竹阔混交林改造经营为竹阔混交林和毛竹纯林的生产力及效益。结果表明:合理经营竹阔混交林具有较高的生产力和显著的经济效益,毛竹的平均胸径、竹秆生物量分别比毛竹纯林提高9.6%和37.2%。平均每度产竹量、产笋量分别比毛竹纯林提高22.8%和17.6%,并能改善生态环境,维持土壤肥力,实现竹林的高产稳产。 相似文献
3.
竹阔混交林林地土壤肥力的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过对合理的竹阔混交林与毛竹纯林2种林型下土壤肥力的分析研究，结果表明：合理的竹阔混交林具有较强的培肥改土性能，土壤理化性质明显优于毛竹纯林，从而促进了竹林生长。竹阀混交林是一种具有较高生产力的竹类农用林业经营模式。 相似文献
4.
竹阔混交林毛竹生产力与经营效益的研究 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：12
本文分析比较了半茺芜天然竹阔混交林改造经营为竹阔混交林和毛竹纯林的生产力及效益。结果表明：合理经营竹产少混交林具有较高的生产力和显著的经济效益。毛竹的平均胸径、竹秆生物量分别比毛竹纯林提高９．６％和３７．２％。平均每度产竹量、产笋量分别比毛竹纯林提高２２．８％和１７．６％,并能改善生态环境,维持土壤肥力,实现竹林的高产稳产。 相似文献
5.
对江西安福林区毛竹纯林、竹阔混交林、竹杉混交林3种不同类型毛竹林地土壤矿化态碳(MC)含量季节变化和剖面分布进行了研究,同时以杉木纯林为对照.结果表明:不同类型毛竹林MC含量差异较大,0~60 cm土层MC含量平均值大小排序为竹阔混交林(73.53 mg/kg)>毛竹纯林(59.07 mg/kg)>竹杉混交林(51.68 mg/kg)>杉木林(38.48 mg/kg);各林分类型MC含量存在明显的季节差异;各林分类型MC含量平均值随着土层加深而减少,0~40 cm土层间达到显著差异;毛竹林类型MC占土壤总有机碳(TOC)比率在0.42%~0.51%,高于杉木林的0.38%;毛竹纯林和竹阔混交林的MC与TOC相关系数分别为0.85和0.88,达到极显著水平. 相似文献
6.
毛竹半天然混交林调查研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文着重调查研究毛竹 Phyllostachys pubescens 半天然混交林的生态条件、生长情况、结构和演替状况等问题。调查研究结果表明,竹阔混交林只要结构合理,就能提高林地土壤肥力、改善林内小气候、减少冰雪和病虫危害,提高毛竹林产量和质量。因此对大面积毛竹半天然混交林的经营、开发利用不宜一律强调改为纯林,应因林因地制宜,积极提倡混交林。 相似文献
7.
毛竹工业用竹材林高效培育技术效果分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为满足竹材加工企业对大径级、长枝下高、小尖削度优质原条竹不断增长的大量需求,实施了以立地条件选择、林分结构调控和林地土壤管理等为核心技术的毛竹工业用竹材林高效定向培育技术措施,通过3 a来3种类型示范基地竹林的技术效果调查分析,结果表明:林分结构显著改善,毛竹纯林、竹杉混交林、竹阔混交林立竹度、新竹平均胸径较对照分别增加41.2%、35.7%、38.6%,9.4%、11.3%、8.4%,立竹整齐度、均匀度分别达7以上和6以上;竹材质量显著提高,毛竹纯林、竹杉混交林、竹阔混交林立竹枝下高、全高、胸高壁厚分别较对照增大5.5%、6.2%、5.3%,6.2%、5.6%、10.2%,3.4%、11.1%、9.9%,尖削度值均为0.4以上,立竹尖削程度下降;技术增产效果显著,毛竹纯林、竹杉混交、竹阔混交林竹材、竹笋产量分别较对照增产82.6%、76.7%、47.7%,24.4%、22.2%、38.1%。 相似文献
8.
毛竹纯林与竹杉混交林竹材形态质量的比较研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对毛竹杉木混交林、毛竹纯林5个竹材形态质量指标的比较研究,结果表明:竹杉混交林立竹平均胸径较毛竹纯林大5.0%;立竹全高、枝下高与立竹胸径呈正相关,竹杉混交林较毛竹纯林分别增加9.0%、8.7%,竹杉混交林对立竹全高、枝下高增大的贡献率小,分别为2.7%、3.1%;竹林经营类型对立竹胸高、竹壁厚度的影响较全高、枝下高大,竹杉混交林较毛竹纯林提高6.9%;尖梢度值与立竹径级不相关,与竹林经营类型密切相关,竹杉混交林显著大于毛竹纯林,增加幅度达20.9%。尖梢度值≥0.4的为竹材匀称竹林,<0.4的为竹材不匀称竹林。 相似文献
9.
通过对不同类型毛竹林植物物种多样性的研究,结果表明:毛竹林内物种是丰富的,但较大部分物种是脆弱的;乔木层植物物种多样性指数与林下木本植物物种多样性指数相关显著,与草本植物物种多样性指数相关不显著,乔木层物种多样性指数小于林下植物物种多样性指数;木本植物物种多样性指数,竹阔混交林＞竹针混交林＞毛竹纯林,粗放经营竹林＞中等集约经营竹林＞集约经营竹林;林下草本植物物种多样性指数,竹针混交林＞毛竹纯林＞竹阔混交林,中等集约经营竹林＞粗放经营竹林＞集约经营竹林;竹阔混交林向毛竹纯林转型时,林下木本植物部分丧失,而草本植物将可能增加,也可能减少. 相似文献
10.
福建省毛竹混交林竹林结构比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对浦城县古楼乡毛竹阔叶树混交林、毛竹杉木混交林、毛竹杉木阔叶树混交林及毛竹纯林等4种不同经营模式林分比较,结果表明:混交林毛竹个体生物量、毛竹胸径和竹高较大,不同模式林分的胸径、竹高、冠幅等生长因子有显著差异;竹阔混交林较有利于竹鞭孕芽发笋;各模式竹林结构综合评判为一般经营竹林;竹林竹鞭长、鞭径、鞭节生长以竹阔比例为5∶5林分竹鞭较好。 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
15.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
16.
17.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
18.
Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
19.
A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):166-178
This study investigated the forest history, structural characteristics, the presence of fungal species suggested to indicate ecological continuity in old-growth forest, and the species composition of saproxylic beetles in 30 old forest ''woodland key habitats'' (WKHs), and compared them with production forest in the same age-class in south-eastern Norway. No statistically significant differences in forest characteristics, community of saproxylic beetles or number of red-listed beetles were found between the WKHs and the production forest, probably owing to a combination of profound long-term logging and a lack of will to delineate sufficiently large WKHs in the one area with significantly less forestry impact. The study indicates the advantage of including forest history information in WKH selection where such data exist, and the importance of restoring habitats in heavily exploited forest landscapes. 相似文献