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综述了森林病虫害施药防治技术的主要形式及提高药物利用率与防治效果的技术措施,分析了病虫害防治装备的现状,提出我国目前应重视发展高射程的机载移动式施药防治装备。 相似文献
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树干注射施药技术是一种信息树木病虫害防治技术,其主要是应用注射工具将适量农药、肥料或是植物生长调节剂注入树干内,从而让药液直接进入树木的蒸腾液流中,进而让药液输送到植物的各个部位,有效提高防治病虫害、真菌或细菌造成的病虫害的效果。文章主要针对树木病虫害防治树干注射施药技术的应用。 相似文献
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农药防治森林病虫害研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通过对用于森林病虫害防治的农药的种类、施药方法以及对环境和林产品安全的影响方面进行了简述,提出了合理利用农药科学防治森林病虫害的一些建议。 相似文献
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沙棘树干注射施药防治病虫的技术要点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过外力向沙棘树干内注入一定量的药剂防治病虫害，矫治缺素症，调节植株等是一种新的化学施药技术，具有施药剂量准确，药液利用率高。不污染环境和防治病虫效果显著等特点。 相似文献
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《湖北林业科技》2004,(3):61-61
树干注射防治病虫害技术是一种新的化学施药技术 ,它通过外力向树干内注入一定量的药剂防治病虫害 ,矫治缺素症 ,调节植物及果实生长发育 ,具有施药准确、药液利用率高、不污染环境的特点。其技术要点如下 :施药器械 目前较先进的有BG30 5D型打陛注横贯机。该机以汽油机作动力 ,速度较快 ,每min能打 8～ 1 0个。注射液的配制 首先确定合适的流向浓度。林木病虫害防治可取 1 5 %～ 2 0 %有效浓度 ,果树可取 1 0 %～ 1 5 %有效浓度。配药最好用冷开水。注射部位和注药量 距地面 30～ 5 0cm处 ,孔洞与地面成 40°夹角。药液应注射到 2～ 3… 相似文献
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通过外力向树干内注入一定量的药剂防治病虫害,矫治缺素症,调节植物及果实生长发育,是一种新的化学施药技术。具有施药准确、药液利用率高、不污染环境的特点。技术要点如下: 相似文献
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近年来，随着科学技术的进步，施药技术有了很大发展，为改进和提高森林病虫害的防治水平创造了有利条件。本文对地面水质微量喷雾技术防治森林病虫害进行了研究，１９９６年在密山县二龙山林场落叶松毛虫大发生的林地内进行３０多公顷的生产性防治试验，取得了较好效果。... 相似文献
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K. J. Harrington 《Wood Science and Technology》1979,13(1):21-28
Summary This paper discusses aspects of the established methods for determination of the herbicide paraquat. Methyl chloride is shown to be a product of the non-oxidative pyrolysis of paraquat (dichloride) and attention is drawn to the possibility of using this observation as the basis of a sensitive vapour-phase chromatographic method for the detection of paraquat in wood. 相似文献
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A study was initiated in 1994 to evaluate the effects of bedding timing and frequency and pre-plant herbicide application, with and without post-plant herbaceous weed control, on growth of three slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) plantations and one loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation on flatwoods sites. Site preparation treatments included early bedding alone, late bedding alone, double bedding, early bedding plus banded pre-plant herbicide, and early bedding plus broadcast pre-plant herbicide. Each site preparation treatment was tested with and without a first-year post-plant herbicide application for herbaceous weed control (HC). Results ranging from age 5 to 11 are reported, depending on installation. Pine growth following late bedding alone was similar or greater than that with early bedding alone. Double bedding did not consistently increase pine growth as compared with single bedding alone. Early bedding plus either broadcast or banded pre-plant herbicide application generally exhibited greater pine growth than did bedding alone treatments or bedding plus post-plant herbaceous weed control treatments. Broadcast pre-plant herbicide application resulted in similar or greater growth than banded pre-plant herbicide application. Post-plant herbaceous weed control improved loblolly pine growth across all site preparation regimes on the one test location. For slash pine plantations evaluated, post-plant herbaceous weed control resulted in significant growth increases on some but not all sites. The differences in growth response to bedding and pre- and post-plant herbicide applications are discussed in relation to treatment efficacy in controlling woody shrub and herbaceous competing vegetation. Effective bedding and chemical site preparation reduces the need for post-plant herbicide applications for slash pine on certain sites. Good site preparation, including the application of herbicides for competition control, is essential for fast growing slash and loblolly pine plantations in the flatwoods. 相似文献
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France Lambert Benoit Truax Daniel Gagnon Normand Chevrier 《Forest Ecology and Management》1994,70(1-3):231-244
The effects of mulching materials (black plastic and straw) and herbicide application (glyphosate) on growth and nitrogen nutrition of butternut (Juglans cinerea), white ash (Fraxinus americana) and bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) were studied in a plantation established in an abandoned field in southern Québec (Canada) since 1987. To ascertain the efficiency of mulching materials on the performance of tree seedlings, a herbicide (glyphosate, 6 l ha−1) was applied in half of the experimental plots in June 1990 and 1991. Soil parameters (temperature, moisture) and soil nitrate and ammonium concentrations were measured during the growing season in 1991. In summer 1991, nitrogen nutrition of the seedlings was monitored using enzyme assays (nitrate reductase activity (NRA), glutamine synthetase activity (GSA)) of the leaves of the three deciduous tree species. Mulching affected soil parameters, with black plastic producing the highest soil temperature (23.4°C) and straw the highest soil moisture (183.6 g kg−1) in June. NRA varied in relation to tree species, herbicide application, mulching material and time. GSA was poorly correlated to silvicultural treatments. Butternut showed the highest NRA, especially in herbicide plots irrespective of mulching material. Bur oak NRA showed less variation between herbicide and non-herbicide plots and reacted more to the mulching treatments. White ash NRA only showed an herbicide effect in June. All species reacted positively to the addition of an herbicide around the mulching material, but not to the same degree. Height and diameter increment ratios (with/without glyphosate application) indicate that butternut growth was the most improved by herbicide applications, followed by white ash and bur oak. This indicates that the effectiveness of mulching alone decreases in the following order: bur oak > white ash > butternut. The utilization of mulching material in abandoned fields as an alternative to herbicide application is closely linked to the species chosen. Enzyme assays (NRA) were shown to be a valuable tool for monitoring physiological status of planted trees subjected to environmental changes brought on by silvicultural practices. 相似文献
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Glyphosate is the herbicide most extensively used for site preparation and conifer release. It is a broadspectrum herbicide and therefore crop safety is a critical issue. This study assessed the early effects of 14 different treatments, including no weed control, manual weed control, and 12 foliar-applied herbicide treatments at low,intermediate, high, and highest application rates and application timing on glyphosate phytotoxicity of containerized seedlings of Austrian pine(Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold.), Scots pine(P. sylvestris L.) and maritime pine(P.pinaster Aiton), conifer species widely used for afforestation and supplementary plantings in Turkish forestry. In general, Scots pine seedlings were tolerant to glyphosate compared to the other species. Glyphosate phytotoxicity varied significantly according to the time and rate of application. Seedlings were relatively tolerant to glyphosate in April whereas they were intolerant in May. The highest herbicide rate(1.2% v:v) was consistently phytotoxic to all species. Moreover, the effect of herbicide rate on seedling survival and growth varied significantly according to application date(i.e., application rate 9 date interaction). Seedlings appeared tolerant to glyphosate at low and intermediate rates(0.2, 0.4% v:v) between midspring and mid-summer, whereas they demonstrated significant sensitivity to the highest rate across all time periods. Glyphosate at the high rate(0.8% v:v) was particularly more phytotoxic when applied in May. Application of glyphosate at rates up to 0.8% could be recommended for weed control without significant pine damage in midspring when the needles presumably have a dense leaf epicuticular wax layer limiting herbicide penetration.Applications of 0.8 and 1.2% v:v are not recommended during May–June. 相似文献
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Aerial application of herbicides continues to be a dominant method of vegetation control in Canadian forest management. In
this paper, we describe a suite of relatively modern technologies and emphasize their potential for integrated use in optimization
of aerial herbicide treatments. The potential is illustrated using several case studies involving fixed-wing applications
of glyphosate-based herbicide in the boreal forest region of Ontario, Canada. Results indicate that integration of geographic
information systems, differential global positioning, electronic-guidance, on-site meteorological monitoring and remote sensing
can be used to effectively plan, enhance application control and provide detailed post-treatment assessment and archival data
for herbicide spray programs. SprayAdvisor, a GIS-based decision support system with the capacity to directly integrate all
of these elements is briefly described. 相似文献
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威尔柏(Velpar)属均三氮苯类除草剂,其主要特点是杀草灭灌谱广,持效期长,施药方法简便,用水量少,毒性低,对环境安全。红松、云杉、樟子松对它有一定抗性。可用于整地、幼林抚育、透光抚育及防火线等,是一种多用途的林用除草剂。 相似文献