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1.
Elahe Masaeli Mohammad Morshed Hosein Tavanai Fakhreddin Ashrafizadeh 《Fibers and Polymers》2008,9(4):461-466
Plasma surface treatment has been extensively applied in the textile industry for the modification of polymer materials. In this study, polypropylene (PP) fibers in the form of a nonwoven web were treated with low-pressure plasma (air, N2, Ar) for different treatment time (5–40 min). Powers varied from (50–500 W). Surface properties were studied by measuring wetting time and hydrophilisation diameters after an exposure time of 20 seconds. This study showed that the best conditions for the surface modification of nonwoven PP, with low pressure plasma were a power of 500 W and a treatment time of 30 minutes. Ageing has some effect on the wettability of treated samples. 相似文献
2.
Young Ah Kwon 《Fibers and Polymers》2002,3(4):174-178
A plasma treatment using saturated CF4 gas was employed to improve the resistance of polypropylene fabrics to water wetting. The fabrics were significantly fluorinated
even within a short treatment time of 30 seconds. The result of contact angle measurement indicated that such highly hydrophobic
surface was considerably durable even after 150 days of aging. 相似文献
3.
Polypropylene nonwoven fabrics were exposed to He/O2 atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma. Surface chemical analysis and contact angle measurement revealed the surface
oxidation by formation of new functional groups after plasma treatment. Weight loss (%) measurement and scanning electron
microscopy analysis showed a significant plasma etching effect. It was investigated in low-stress mechanical properties of
the fabrics using Kawabata Evaluation System (KES-FB). The surface morphology change by plasma treatment increased surface
friction due to an enhancement of fiber-to-fiber friction, resulting in change of other low-stress mechanical properties of
fabric. 相似文献
4.
Plasma treatment of textiles is becoming more and more popular as a surface modification technique. It not only changes the
outermost layer of a material without interfering with the bulk properties but also offers the advantage of greater chemical
flexibility to obtain multifunctional textiles. Inkjet printing is becoming increasingly important and popular for the printing
of textiles. When polyester fabric is inkjet printed with pigment-based inks, the printed patterns have poor color yield and
easily bleeding. As a result, the fabric requires pretreatment prior to the stage of ink-jet printing. In the present study
the polyester fabric was printed with magenta pigment ink after radio frequency O2 plasma surface-treatment. At such condition, polyester fabric could obtain the effects of features with enhanced color yield
and excellent pattern sharpness. The results showed that there were better patterns when the polyester fabric was treated
for 9 min at a working pressure of 40 Pa and a working power 80 W. SEM images indicated that radio frequency oxygen plasma
induced modifications to the surface of polyester fabric with more micro pits. Water absorption time measurement showed that
the hydrophilicity of polyester fabric was remarkably improved after treatment. Anti-bleeding performance of the fabric was
improved greatly, too. Therefore, radio frequency O2 plasma treatment with the ink-jet printing technique could improve the final printed properties of polyester fabric. 相似文献
5.
Continuous photografting onto polypropylene fabrics in the absence of inert gases was carried out to improve hydrophilic property
of PP fabrics, which was padded with a formulated solution of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA) and benzophenone as a monomer
and a photoinitiator, respectively. The grafting yield increased with increases in benzophenone concentration up to 30 % on
the weight of the monomer and UV energy up to of 38 J/cm2, while 30 % HEMA concentration was optimal for the grafting efficiency. The physicochemical properties of the grafted PP
fabrics were monitored by FT-IR, SEM, zeta potential, and dyeability to a cationic dye. The grafting increased O1s/C1s content and remarkably produced more negative zeta potentials compared with the pristine PP fabric. Also the grafted PP showed
the increased dyeability to cationic dyes with increasing graft yield resulting from the enhanced electrostatic interaction
between the dyes and negatively charged surface of the grafted PP fiber. In addition, improved hydrophilic property of grafted
PP fabrics was ascertained by more rapid water wetting time and higher water absorbency. 相似文献
6.
The present study deals with the effect of parallel-laid and cross-laid web of polypropylene needle punched nonwoven fabrics on compression properties (initial thickness, percentage compression, percentage thickness loss and percentage compression resilience) under wet condition. These compression properties of polypropylene needle-punched nonwoven under wet condition have also been compared with its dry condition. With the increase in needling density the initial thickness, percentage compression and percentage thickness loss of the fabrics under wet condition decrease to higher extent compared to its dry condition both in case of parallel-laid and cross-laid fabrics. Cross-laid nonwoven fabric presents lower value of initial thickness percentage compression and thickness loss compared to parallel-laid fabric which is very prominent at high needling density (350 punches/cm2). The percentage compression resilience shows increasing trend with the increase in needling density both under dry and wet conditions of parallel-laid web. It also follows similar trend in case of cross-laid nonwoven under wet condition. The optimum needling density for compression resilience of cross-laid nonwoven fabric under dry condition is 250 punches/cm2. 相似文献
7.
S. Shahidi M. Ghoranneviss B. Moazzenchi A. Rashidi D. Dorranian 《Fibers and Polymers》2007,8(1):123-129
The low temperature plasma (LTP) technique is used widely to modify polymer and textile materials. This paper describes the
development of a plasma system for textile treatment. Polypropylene (PP) has a very low value of the surface free energy (approximately
20–25 mJ/m2). Due to low surface energy, Polypropylene has very weak hydrophilic properties. By controlling the plasma variables, such
as the nature of gas, the discharge power, the pressure and the exposure time, a great variety of surface effects can be generated.
In this paper, we report the effect of cold plasma of O2 and N2 gases at various time of exposure on the dyeing and physical properties of PP fabrics. The results show a significant increase
in the color depth upon dyeing after treating PP fabrics with low temperature plasma of O2 and N2. For comparing the amount of fabrics dye exhaustion, we have used reflective spectrophotometer. The morphology of the modified
surfaces has also been investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). And also FTIR was used to examine the functional
groups of the corresponding samples. 相似文献
8.
Sound absorption property, viscoelastic property and the effect of plasma treatment of four automotive nonwoven fabrics on
these properties are discussed in this research paper. Needle-punched fabrics used for vehicle headliner include 2 polyester
fabrics made of hollow polyester fibers or solid polyester fibers, and 2 polypropylene-composite cellulose fabrics made of
jute fibers or kenaf fibers, manufactured with the same web structure of apparent fabric density and fabric thickness. Hollow
polyester fiber fabric has the highest sound absorption and the highest loss factor, the second highest is jute fiber fabric.
The viscoelastic property is found to be related to the sound absorption property of fabric. The plasma treatment on nonwoven
fabrics changes their sound absorption and viscoelastic property as well as their fabric weight and pore size. Hollow polyester
fabric shows the increased sound absorption and viscoelastic property after the treatment with the increased pore sizes, while
regular polyester fabric displays insignificant changes. The cellulose fabrics are more affected by plasma treatment compared
to the polyester fabrics in terms of fabric weight loss and pore size, and jute fabric is more affected than kenaf fabric
due to fiber weakness. The jute fabric demonstrates the decreased sound absorption and viscoelastic property, while kenaf
fabric shows the increased sound absorption with the unchanged viscoelastic property after the treatment. 相似文献
9.
Jie Liu Yun Liu Dagang Miao Shuying Sui Chuanjie Zhang Ping Zhu 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(8):1605-1610
Calcium alginate nonwoven fabrics were gelation-modified by two-stage with aqueous HCl solution and then ethanolic NaOH solution. The structure and crystallinity properties of the samples were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. The preparation conditions and modification mechanism were investigated. The results indicated that the crystal structure of calcium alginate fibers was destroyed; the crystallinity and calcium ion content decreased after HCl treatment. This resulted from the formation of ester bonds among the hydrolytic molecules after NaOH treatment. The best gel performance was obtained at the HCl concentration of 0.05-0.1 wt% with the NaOH concentration in ethanol of 2–4 mol/l. The liquid absorption of nonwoven alginate fabrics increased by 145 %. The water capability increased by 2673 % after modification, while the thickness, mass per unit area, permeability, and tensile strength of nonwoven alginate fabrics changed little. 相似文献
10.
G. M. Arifuzzaman Khan Md. Shaheruzzaman M. H. Rahman S. M. Abdur Razzaque Md. Sakinul Islam Md. Shamsul Alam 《Fibers and Polymers》2009,10(1):65-70
The effect of chemical treatment i.e. bleaching, alkalization and graft copolymerization on the morphology changes of okra
bast fiber has been investigated by means of infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water absorption
and tensile properties measurements. The graft copolymerization reaction of bleached fiber with acrylonitrile monomer (AN)
has been carried out under the catalytic influence of K2S2O8 and FeSO4 redox system. The maximum graft yield (11.43 %) has been found at 70°C temperature, 3×10−2 mol/l acrylonitrile, 5×10−3 mol/l K2S2O8, 5×10−3 mol/l FeSO4 and for 90 min. On the contrary, the fiber has been treated with 10 % NaOH solution, which is much effective to remove the
impurities. Based on findings of water absorption, tensile properties and SEM micrograph, the AN-grafted fiber has been showed
better properties than bleached and alkali treated fibers. The degree of modification of okra bast fiber by chemical treatment
has been evaluated by IR measurement. 相似文献
11.
Yi-Jun Pan Chien-Teng Hsieh Chien-Lin Huang Chen-Hung Huang Ching-Wen Lou Che-Wei Li Jia-Horng Lin 《Fibers and Polymers》2015,16(12):2682-2688
This study proposes a combination for reciprocal reinforcement between warp knitting spacer fabrics and PU foams. PET/Kevlar nonwoven fabrics are made with an 80:20 ratio and an incorporation of various needle-punching speed of 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 needles/min. Ascribing to having an optimal bursting strength, sound absorption coefficient, and limited oxygen index (LOI), the PET/Kevlar nonwoven fabric that is made by 200 needles/min are selected to be combined with a glass-fiber fabric by applying needle punch in order to form a surface layer. Next, warp knitting spacer fabrics and the nonwoven fabrics are laminated, followed by being combined with polyurethane (PU) foam that are featured with different densities of 200, 210, 220, 230, and 240 kg/m3 in order to form spacer fabric/PU foam composites with multiple functions. The composites are then tested with a drop-weight test, a compression test, a bursting strength test, a sound absorption test, and a horizontal burning test. The test results indicate that all spacer fabric/PU foam composites reach a horizontal burning level of HF1, and their sound absorption coefficients at 2500-4000 Hz also suggest a satisfactory sound absorption. In particular, the optimal residual stress and compressive strength are present when the composites contain 210 kg/m3 PU foam. Similarly, the optimal bursting strength of the composites occurs when they are composed of 230 kg/m3 PU foam. The spacer fabric/PU foam composites are proven to have high strengths, sound absorption, and fire retardant, and thus have promising potentials for use as construction materials and light weight composite planks. 相似文献
12.
Effects of enzymatic and atmospheric plasma treatments individually and their combinations on knitted PET fabrics were investigated
in terms of hydrophilicity, surface modification and moisture management properties. Cutinase from Humicola Insolens, lipase from Candida SP and atmospheric plasma with air and argon gases were applied to PET fabrics. To evaluate results, moisture management tester
(MMT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized. Wicking heights of samples were measured by wicking test method.
Improved moisture management properties were observed with environmentally benign processes compared to the untreated ones.
Especially combined treatments have given the same or slightly better results than those of conventional alkaline treatments.
Fabrics treated with plasma and then followed by enzymatic incubations have significantly improved the wetting time, absorption
rates and spreading speed results. 相似文献
13.
In this paper, an attempt was made to apply low temperature plasma treatment to improve the adhesion property of polypropylene fabrics. Oxygen and nitrogen plasmas were used for pre-functionalization of polypropylene fabrics. Then treated and untreated samples were coated with copper using direct current magnetron sputtering for 10 minutes. And the effect of oxygen and nitrogen pre-functionalization on adhesion properties between copper particles and polypropylene surface were studied. The textile properties of treated and untreated samples were evaluated by different standard testing methods in terms of both physical and chemical performances. The morphology changes of fabrics after plasma treatment were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses revealed chemical surface modifications occurring after the plasma treatments. Experimental results of the adhesion properties and surface properties are presented for the metal coated-polypropylene samples before and after low pressure plasma treatment, and results are compared. The adhesion properties of the activated samples are determined by abrasion and rubbing tests. The antibacterial counting test was used for determination of antibacterial efficiency of both treated and untreated samples, and durability of antibacterial properties was compared. The adhesion improvement has been related to the formation of different functional groups and changes in the topology of the surface. 相似文献
14.
Seung-Yeol Jeon Woong-Ryeol Yu Min Sun Kim Joon Seok Lee Jong Won Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(6):1202-1210
As nonwoven mats are randomly oriented fiber assemblies, the tensile strength of nonwoven mats is determined by their microstructural factors, such as fiber orientation, fiber volume fraction, and fiber-fiber contact level. The complex microstructure of nonwoven mats must be reasonably simplified to properly predict their mechanical properties within affordable efforts. In this study, a new parameter, so called contact efficiency, is defined to describe the fiber-fiber contact level of nonwoven mats. Micro X-ray computer tomography (CT) is employed to characterize the microstructure of needlepunched nonwoven mats made of polypropylene short fibers. The fiber orientation and volume fraction are obtained by analyzing 2D sectional CT image of the nonwoven mat, while the contact efficiency is determined from 3D CT image. A statistical model, developed originally for staple yarns, is modified to predict the tensile strength of the nonwoven mat using the microstructural factors obtained from CT analysis. The prediction is then compared with experiments to validate that the current model incorporating the contact efficiency is highly suitable for predicting the tensile strength of nonwoven mats. 相似文献
15.
Zahra Talebi Mazraeh-shahi Ahmad Mousavi Shoushtari Ahmad Reza Bahramian Majid Abdouss 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(10):2154-2159
In recent years, flexible, mechanically strong and environmental friendly thermal insulation materials have attracted considerable attention. In this work, silica aerogel/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nonwoven fiber composite with desirable characteristics was prepared via a two-step sol-gel process followed by an ambient drying method through immersing the PET nonwoven fiber into silica sol. The silica aerogel particles were characterized by FTIR, FE-SEM, TGA and nitrogen adsorption analysis. The morphology and hydrophobic properties of neat PET nonwoven fiber and its silica aerogel composite were also investigated. For studying thermal protective properties, the thermal diffusivity was calculated from temperature distribution curves. The mean pore size of 11 nm, the surface area of 606 m2/g and the total pore volume of 1.77 cm3/g for the silica aerogel particles in the composite are obtained from nitrogen adsorption analysis, indicating the aerogel can maintain its high porosity in the nonwoven composite structure. Silica aerogel particles were efficiently covered the surface of the PET fibers and completely filled the micron size pores of the nonwoven fiber leading to a stronger hydrophobicity and higher thermal insulation performance in the aerogel composite samples compared to the neat PET nonwoven. In this regard, an almost 64 % decrease in the thermal diffusivity was achieved with 66 wt% silica aerogel. 相似文献
16.
Alessandra Boschi Cristina Arosio Ilaria Cucchi Fabio Bertini Marinella Catellani Giuliano Freddi 《Fibers and Polymers》2008,9(6):698-707
Different silk substrates in form of spun silk tops, nonwoven web, yarn, and fabric were coated with electrically conducting
doped polypyrrole (PPy) by in situ oxidative polymerization from an aqueous solution of pyrrole (Py) at room temperature using FeCl3 as catalyst. PPy-coated silk materials were characterized by optical (OM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy,
and thermal analysis (DSC, TG). OM and SEM showed that PPy completely coated the surface of individual silk fibers and that
the polymerization process occurred only at the fiber surface and not in the bulk. Dendrite-like aggregates of PPy adhered
to the fiber surface, with the exception of the sample first polymerized in the form of tops and then spun into yarn using
conventional industrial machines. FT-IR (ATR mode) showed a mixed spectral pattern with bands typical of silk and PPy overlapping
over the entire wavenumbers range. DSC and TG showed that PPy-coated silk fibers attained a significantly higher thermal stability
owing to the protective effect of the PPy layer against thermal degradation. The mechanical properties of silk fibers remained
unchanged upon polymerization of Py. The different PPy-coated silk materials displayed excellent electrical properties. After
exposition to atmospheric oxygen for two years a residual conductivity of 10–20 % was recorded. The conductivity decreased
sharply under the conditions of domestic washing with water, while it remained essentially unchanged upon dry cleaning. Abrasion
tests caused a limited increase of resistance. PPy-coated silk tops were successfully spun into yarn either pure or in blend
with untreated silk fibers. The resulting yarns maintained good electrical properties. 相似文献
17.
Haydar U. Zaman Mubarak A. Khan Ruhul A. Khan M. Arifur Rahman Lily R. Das Md. Al-Mamun 《Fibers and Polymers》2010,11(3):455-463
Jute fabrics (hessian cloth) reinforced polypropylene (PP) matrix composites (45 wt% fiber) were fabricated by compression
molding. Jute fabrics were treated with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) using ultraviolet radiation in order to improve
the mechanical properties of the composites. Concentration of HEMA, soaking time and radiation dose were optimized. It was
found that 15% HEMA in methanol along with photoinitiator Darocur-1173 (2 %), 10 min soaking time and 20th pass of radiation
rendered better performance. Urea of different concentrations (0.5–2 %) was incorporated with 15 % HEMA to monitor its effect
on the properties and 1 % urea revealed the best results. For the improvement of the properties, jute fabrics were treated
with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) solution in acetone of different concentrations (0.02, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.5 %) at different soaking times (1, 2, 3, and 5
min) before the composite fabrication. Optimized jute fabrics (jute fabrics treated with 0.03 % KMnO4) were again treated with HEMA (15 %) solution along with urea (1 %) and promising improvement of mechanical properties of
the composites was observed. Scanning electron microscopy, water uptake, soil degradation and thermal aging of the treated
and untreated composites were also performed. 相似文献
18.
Fragrant screwpine fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester composites (FSFRUPC) were subjected to water immersion tests in order to examine the effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties. FSFRUP composite specimen containing 30 % fiber volume fraction with fiber length of 3 mm and 9 mm was considered in this study. Water absorption test was performed by immersing specimen in sea, distilled and well water at room temperature under different time durations (24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192, 216, 240 hours). The tensile, flexural and impact properties of the water absorption specimen were appraised and compared with those of the dry composite specimen as per the ASTM standard. The tensile, flexural and impact properties of FSFRUPC specimen were found to decrease with the increase in the percentage of moisture uptake. The percentage of moisture uptake of composite was reduced after alkali treatment with 3 % NaoH for 3 hours. In moisture absorption test, the lowest diffusion coefficient, D (6.62513×10-13 m2/s) and swelling rate parameter, K sr (6.341×10-3 h-1) were obtained through the specimen immersed in sea water. The chemical composition, elemental composition of fiber and surface morphology of the FSFRUPC were analysed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. 相似文献
19.
The inherent properties of rayon fibre have been changed with additional properties through graft copolymerization of acrylamide, AAm, by chemical method using ceric ammonium nitrate/nitric acid, (CAN/HNO3), as a redox initiator and γ-radiation induced mutual method. Reaction conditions such as monomer and initiator concentration, liquor ratio, temperature and time of reaction, amount of radiation dose have been optimized with respect to percentage of grafting. Maximum percentage of grafting (Pg), (40 %) using CAN/HNO3 was obtained at [CAN]=31.92×10?3 moles/l, [HNO3]=79.36×10?2 moles/l, [AAm]=14.07×102 moles/l in 20 ml of H2O at 45 °C within 120 min while in case of radiation induced method, maximum Pg (30 %) was obtained at higher monomer concentration (28.14×10?2 moles/l) and time (180 min) in 10 ml of H2O at room temperature with total dose exposure of 11.178 kGy. The graft copolymers were characterized by FTIR, thermogravimetric and scanning electron micrographic analysis. Swelling behaviour in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and DMF and dyeing and flame retarding properties of rayon fibre and grafted rayon fibre were investigated. Percent dye uptake (71.8 %) was found to be higher than that observed for the pristine fibre (57.4 %) and the grafted fibre after post phosphorylation reaction showed excellent flame retarding properties. 相似文献
20.
M. T. Macarulla J. A. Martínez Y. Barcina J. Larralde 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1989,39(4):359-367
The relatively low nutritional value of protein from legume seeds has been attributed to the occurrence of some antinutritional factors and the poor content in sulphur aminoacids, which leads to undesirable physiological and biochemical alterations. However, the intimate nature of these processes remains unclear. In order to evaluate the influence of naturally occurring substances of legume constituents on nutrient utilization, the intestinal absorption of D-galactose in the presence of aqueous or alcoholic extracts, obtained fromPhaseolus vulgaris hulls, has been measured by use of thein vivo successive absorption technique.Aqueous extracts inhibited significantly (p<0.01) the uptake of D-galactose at different times of exposure, while no changes in sugar transport were observed with the alcoholic solutions. Polyamide treatment (a polyphenolic complexing agent) of the aqueous extracts decreased its ability to inhibit sugar uptake. Kinetic studies showed that the aqueous fractions modifyV
max values for D-galactose absorption and alsoK
T data. This inhibition appeared to be reversible after short periods of exposure, affecting mainly the active component of transport. Therefore, it can be suggested that some substances, contained in aqueous extracts ofPhaseolus vulgaris reduce sugar absorption. Furthermore, our studies seem to indicate that polyphenols are, at least partly, involved in this phenomenon. 相似文献