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1.
The mechanical and physical properties of spun yarns and fabrics depend not only on mechanical properties of the fibers making up the yarn, but also geometrical arrangement of fibers, known as fiber migration. The main aim of this research is to introduce a new approach to predict migratory behavior of spun yarns. Achieving the objectives of this research, general physical, mechanical and structural properties of spun yarns together with existing standards were thoroughly studied. A hybrid intelligent model was developed based on a Genetic Fuzzy System (GFS) to model the relationships between migration of fibers in spun yarns and some physical and mechanical properties of spun yarns. Results indicated that the developed fuzzy expert system can be used as an intelligent simulator to predict yarn migratory parameters. 相似文献
2.
In this study, an analysis on the breaking elongation mechanism of the polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns
has been carried out. In addition, a back propagation multi layer perceptron (MLP) network and a mixture process crossed regression
model with two mixture components (polyester and viscose blend ratios) and two process variables (yarn count and rotor speed)
are developed to predict the breaking elongation of polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns. Seven different blend
ratios of polyester/viscose slivers are produced and these slivers are manufactured with four different rotor speed and four
different yarn counts in rotor spinning machine. In conclusion, ANN and statistical model both have given satisfactory predictions;
however, the predictions of ANN gave relatively more reliable results than those of statistical models. Since the prediction
capacity of statistical models is also obtained as satisfactory, it can also be used for breaking elongation (%) prediction
of yarns because of its simplicity and non-complex structure. In addition, it is also found in this study that yarn count,
rotor speed and breaking elongation of polyester-viscose fibers and the blend ratios of these fibers in the yarn have major
effects on yarn breaking elongation. 相似文献
3.
In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) and a statistical model are developed to predict the unevenness of polyester/viscose
blended open-end rotor spun yarns. Seven different blend ratios of polyester/viscose slivers are produced and these slivers
are manufactured with four different rotor speed and four different yarn counts in rotor spinning machine. A back propagation
multi layer perceptron (MLP) network and a mixture process crossed regression model (simplex lattice design) with two mixture
components (polyester and viscose blend ratios) and two process variables (yarn count and rotor speed) are developed to predict
the unevenness of polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns. Both ANN and simplex lattice design have given satisfactory
predictions, however, the predictions of statistical models gave more reliable results than ANN. 相似文献
4.
In this study artificial neural network (ANN) models have been designed to predict the ring cotton yarn properties from the
fiber properties measured on HVI (high volume instrument) system and the performance of ANN models have been compared with
our previous statistical models based on regression analysis. Yarn count, twist and roving properties were selected as input
variables as they give significant influence on yarn properties. In experimental part, a total of 180 cotton ring spun yarns
were produced using 15 different blends. The four yarn counts and three twist multipliers were chosen within the range of
Ne 20–35 and α
e 3.8–4.6 respectively. After measuring yarn tenacity and breaking elongation, evaluations of data were performed by using
ANN. Afterwards, sensitivity analysis results and coefficient of multiple determination (R2) values of ANN and regression models were compared. Our results show that ANN is more powerful tool than the regression models. 相似文献
5.
The effect of spinning parameters on core-spun yarns properties manufactured using three-strand modified method (TSMM) was analyzed. Of the various spinning parameters, strand spacing, yarn linear density and yarn twist have a crucial effect on core-spun yarn properties. To achieve the objectives of this research, general physical properties of core-spun yarns together with existing standards were thoroughly studied. First of all, the strand spacing and yarn linear density were optimized. Afterwards, the effects of variation of yarn twist and sheath roving linear density on core-spun yarns properties were investigated. Finally, the physical and mechanical properties of TSMM yarns were compared with those of siro and conventional ring core-spun yarns counterparts. It was found that, the best strand spacing and yarn linear density to produce core-spun yarns are 8 mm and 45 tex, respectively. Results showed that, tenacity of TSMM yarns increases up to a certain twist level beyond which it reduces. The result confirmed that 45 tex yarns produced by three rovings of the same count are superior with regards to tenacity and hairiness. The optimized yarns produced by three-strand modified method enjoy superior physical and mechanical properties in comparison to the ring and siro core-spun yarns. 相似文献
6.
Jackie Y. Cai Jie Min Menghe Miao Jeffrey S. Church Jill McDonnell Robert Knott Stephen Hawkins Chi Huynh 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(2):322-325
Multiwall carbon nanotube (CNT) spun yarns were subjected to γ-irradiation in an oxygen rich environment, followed by the application of epoxy to form CNT/epoxy composite yarns with a high CNT fraction. The method for fabrication of the CNT/polymer composite yarns was presented, and the effect of γ-irradiation on the mechanical performance of the pure CNT spun yarns and their epoxy composite yarns were studied. The γ-irradiated CNT yarns were also characterized by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results of this study have demonstrated that the γ-irradiation is an effective micro-engineering tool to improve mechanical properties of the CNT spun yarn and its epoxy composite yarn. 相似文献
7.
The tensile properties of spun yarns decisively influence its performance in various mechanical processing stages. This study
is primarily aimed at simultaneous analysis of two tensile properties of spun yarns namely tenacity and breaking strain, which
play crucial role in determining the frequency of warping breaks. The threshold values of yarn tenacity and breaking strain
required for 20’s Ne carded cotton yarn to sustain the imposed stresses and strains during warping process have been determined
using a bivariate normal distribution model. This study opens up the possibility of minimizing end breakage rate in various
manufacturing processes of textile industry by engineering of spun yarns devoid of potential weak spots which are responsible
for breaks. 相似文献
8.
Study on the characteristics of blended ring and rotor spun yarns is a topic of major interest to the researchers. The overall properties of these blended yarns are affected by the relative proportion, properties of the components and their interactions. The main focus of this work is on comparing and analyzing effects of blend ratio on tensile properties of the yarns produced in different spinning systems using concept of hybrid effects that has not received enough attention from researchers. Various blends of cotton-polyester ring and rotor spun yarns were prepared. Tensile properties of the samples were examined as well. Interactions between cotton and polyester fibers was evaluated through predicting strength and elongation at break of the yarns using simple rule of mixtures (ROM) and hybrid model. Experimental results showed that, the effect of different blend ratios on tensile properties of the samples is different. In comparison with 100 % cotton yarn, promotion in braking strength of the ring and rotor spun samples occurred after increasing fraction of the polyester fiber to 50 and 66.5 % respectively. The prominent finding of the present work is that the trend of change in tensile properties of different yarns versus blend ratio is predictable via hybrid model and migration behavior of the constituent fibers. Coefficients representing the intensity of the interaction and migration index of the fibers were calculated and all results were discussed based on these calculated factors. 相似文献
9.
Vildan Sülar Eren Oner Gökberk Devrim Mehmet Aslan Burçin Eser 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(12):2085-2094
Biodegradable products are parts of a natural cycle. The biopolymers and the fibers that can be produced from them are very attractive on the market because of the positive human perception. Therefore, PLA being a well known biodegradable fiber and some conventional fibers were selected for the current study to examine the differences between them and to emphasize the importance of biodegradability beside fabric performance. 14.8 tex (Ne 40/1) combed ring spun yarns produced from biodegradable fiber PLA, new generation regenerated fibers Modal and Tencel, synthetic and blends 50/ 50 % cotton/polyester and 50/50 % viscose/polyester, polyester were selected as yarn types and by using these yarns, six knitted fabrics were produced and some important yarn and fabric properties were compared. In this context, moisture and the tensile behavior of yarns and pilling, bursting strength, air permeability and moisture management properties of the test fabrics are discussed. 相似文献
10.
The quality of ring spun yarns is largely determined by its level of hairiness. The existence of hairiness inevitably affects
the quality of ring spun yarns. This paper presents an innovative method on lowering the level of hairiness of ring spun yarns.
This can be achieved by shooting compressed air to the yarn, through a swirl nozzle comprising a yarn duct and an airjet nozzle
attached to a traditional ring spin frame. When compressed air is applied from the air-jet nozzle to the yarn duct, the swirling
air flow tucks surface fibers of the ring spun yarns into its body. Four controllable variable parameters for the process,
supplied pressure, nozzle position, twist factor and spindle speed, and their effects on the lowering of yarn hairiness will
be clarified. Their impact on the quality of the yarn is statistically analyzed, and the optimum outcome of the combination
of parameters for the process, will thus be determined. 相似文献
11.
Structural analysis of finer cotton yarns produced by conventional and modified ring spinning system
Yarn structure plays an important role in determining the properties of spun yarns. Recently, a modified spinning technique has been developed for producing a low torque and soft handle singles yarn by modifying the fiber arrangement in a yarn. Comparative studies revealed that the finer modified yarns possess significantly higher strength and lower hairiness over the conventional yarns of the same twist level, implying a different structure of finer modified yarn. Thus this paper aims to quantitatively study the structures of the finer conventional and modified cotton yarn (80 Ne) produced at the same twist level. Various measuring techniques, namely the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), cross section technique and tracer fiber technique, are adopted to analyze their structural characteristics, including fiber configuration, fiber spatial orientation angle, fiber packing density, yarn surface appearance, and fiber migration behavior. Results showed that finer modified yarns exhibit a smoother surface and much more compact structure with less hairiness. The fibers in the finer modified yarn have a complicated fiber path with relatively lower fiber radial position, larger migration frequency and magnitudes. In addition, it was noted that 73% of fibers in the finer conventional yarn follow concentric conical helix, which is contrary to those in the coarser conventional yarn. The analyses conducted in this paper provide deep insights into the mechanism of modified spinning technique and evidential explanations on the difference of properties between the finer conventional and modified yarns. 相似文献
12.
This paper demonstrates the application of two soft computing approaches namely artificial neural network (ANN) and neural-fuzzy
system to forecast the unevenness of ring spun yarns. The cotton fiber properties measured by advanced fiber information system
(AFIS) and yarn count have been used as inputs. The prediction accuracy of the ANN and neural-fuzzy models was compared with
that of linear regression model. It was found that the prediction performance was very good for all the three models although
ANN and neural-fuzzy models seem to have some edge over the linear regression model. The linguistic rules developed by the
neural-fuzzy system unearth the role of input variables on the yarn unevenness. 相似文献
13.
Hyun Jin Koo Gap Shik Chang Seong Hun Kim Wan Gyu Hahm Seong Yoon Park 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(12):2083-2087
Mechanical properties and the long-term degradation properties of the recycled PET yarns are typically lower than the virgin PET yarns due to the contaminants coming from non-PET bottles, labels and caps etc. For environmental reasons, recycling of post-consumer polyester bottles into textile fibers has become commercially attractive. We studied mechanical and chemical recycling processes and examined their effects on yarn properties such as tensile properties, thermal characteristics, hydrolysis and photo-degradation. It was found that the virgin and the chemical recycled yarns with sufficient purification show similar processability, physical and mechanical properties, and long-term degradation behavior. The results provide useful information on recycled PET yarns for processability and serviceability for the high-end use. 相似文献
14.
Cellulase is useful for bio-polishing cotton fabrics which enhances their aesthetic performance instead of stonewashing process. Torque-free ring spun process is a widely used technique to produce newly low-twist and balanced torque yarns with soft hand. In this paper, denim fabrics woven with torque-free ring spun yarn and conventional ring spun yarn respectively were treated with cellulase under the same condition and their fabric handle, expressed as low stress mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, bending, shearing, compression and surface performance were investigated by Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). After cellulase treatment, both denim fabrics revealed better flexibility, elasticity recovery, raised shearing stiffness, fluffier and improved smoothness. While torque-free ring spun yarn made denim fabric showed a better fabric handle than conventional ring spun yarn made denim fabric. 相似文献
15.
Murata vortex spinning system is based on the air jet spinning system. The vast majority of previous works deal with the properties
of vortex spun (VS) yarn and the spinning system. In this study, we investigated knitted fabrics from VS yarn in comparison
with fabrics from ring (RS), compact (CS) and open-end rotor (OES) spun yarns made from viscose. The effect of yarn spinning
system on dimensional and physical properties of knitted fabrics was explained with specific attention to fabrics from VS
yarn. Shrinkage of fabrics from VS yarn has the lowest at widthwise direction, while having the highest at lengthwise direction.
It is shown that the order of fabric spirality and twist liveliness for yarns from different spinning systems are quite similar.
However, relation between loop shape factor and angle of spirality is inconsistent. Angle of spirality of fabrics from VS
yarn is higher than fabrics from OES yarn, but lower than that of others. The bursting strength of fabrics from VS yarn is
lower than that of those from RS and CS yarns and higher than that of those from OES yarn. From this study, it is also evident
that fabrics from VS yarn have the lowest pilling tendency and highest resistance to abrasion. 相似文献
16.
The dynamic testing conditions simulate actual manufacturing conditions more closely than static testing. In most cases, as results from dynamic tests differ significantly from static tests, dynamic tests are more relevant from the point of view of processing of yarn. The yarns are in motion when they are running on different machines during the production process viz. weaving; knitting etc. Compact ring spun yarns have created a fundamental change how the industry views the ring spinning. The new technology compact yarns such as EliTe® yarns need to be compared with the normal doubled yarns in a dynamic way. This study involves dynamic testing of the EliTe® compact yarns and normal ring spun doubled yarns using CTT (Constant Tension Transport) machine, a versatile test instrument to measure the yarn properties such as dynamic breaking strength, elongation, abrasion, lint, yarn faults (thick, thin places, neps), hairiness etc. EliTe® compact yarns showed higher breaking strength, more elongation, with lesser yarn faults and hairiness, less abrasiveness and less lint generating tendencies during the dynamic testing as compared to the normal ring spun doubled yarns. 相似文献
17.
Alessandra Boschi Cristina Arosio Ilaria Cucchi Fabio Bertini Marinella Catellani Giuliano Freddi 《Fibers and Polymers》2008,9(6):698-707
Different silk substrates in form of spun silk tops, nonwoven web, yarn, and fabric were coated with electrically conducting
doped polypyrrole (PPy) by in situ oxidative polymerization from an aqueous solution of pyrrole (Py) at room temperature using FeCl3 as catalyst. PPy-coated silk materials were characterized by optical (OM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy,
and thermal analysis (DSC, TG). OM and SEM showed that PPy completely coated the surface of individual silk fibers and that
the polymerization process occurred only at the fiber surface and not in the bulk. Dendrite-like aggregates of PPy adhered
to the fiber surface, with the exception of the sample first polymerized in the form of tops and then spun into yarn using
conventional industrial machines. FT-IR (ATR mode) showed a mixed spectral pattern with bands typical of silk and PPy overlapping
over the entire wavenumbers range. DSC and TG showed that PPy-coated silk fibers attained a significantly higher thermal stability
owing to the protective effect of the PPy layer against thermal degradation. The mechanical properties of silk fibers remained
unchanged upon polymerization of Py. The different PPy-coated silk materials displayed excellent electrical properties. After
exposition to atmospheric oxygen for two years a residual conductivity of 10–20 % was recorded. The conductivity decreased
sharply under the conditions of domestic washing with water, while it remained essentially unchanged upon dry cleaning. Abrasion
tests caused a limited increase of resistance. PPy-coated silk tops were successfully spun into yarn either pure or in blend
with untreated silk fibers. The resulting yarns maintained good electrical properties. 相似文献
18.
The intrinsic torque of freshly spun wool yarns is affected by ageing of wool roving prior to spinning as well as the storage
time of the yarn after spinning. The effect of physical ageing of roving on yarn torque properties has not been observed before
and this study shows that the yarn intrinsic torque increases with ageing of the roving and decreases or relaxes with the
yarn storage time. The dependency of the intrinsic torque on the roving ageing time and the yarn storage time after spinning
show a simple double-logarithmic shift factor of 0.42 compared with the value of 1 found generally for amorphous polymeric
materials. The self-plying twist of the yarns used in this study shows a close link to the intrinsic torque and both are affected
by the history of the roving prior to spinning. Significant reductions in the self-plying twist were obtained when deaged
rovings were used in spinning. When self-plying twist is used as a predictor of fabric spirality the roving and yarn history
needs to be considered. This study shows that low intrinsic torque yarns can be produced by deageing of the roving prior to
spinning. 相似文献
19.
Core spun yarns are applied for various purposes that especially require the multi-functional performance. This research reports
on the core spinning effect on the yarn strength. We prepared various core yarns by combining different kinds of high tenacity
filaments in core with cotton staples in sheath with various twist levels in the ring spin system. And the tensile strength
was tested to investigate the contribution of the core-sheath structure to the core yarn strength. The influence of the twist
level was also checked up on the relationship between the core-sheath structure and the yarn strength. Results turned out
that the core-sheath weight ratio had influence on the tensile properties of the ring core-spun yarns in different ways according
to the core filaments used for the yarn. Increasing the twists yielded a monotone decreasing strength for the aramid and the
basalt core yarns, while the PET core yarns showed almost unchanged strength, which could be ascribed to the extensional property
of the filaments. 相似文献
20.
Studies on reduction of yarn hairiness by nozzles in ring spinning and winding by airflow simulation
Reduction of yarn hairiness by nozzles in ring spinning and winding is a new approach. Simulation of the airflow pattern inside
the nozzles provides useful information about actual mechanism of hairiness reduction. The swirling air current inside the
nozzles is capable of wrapping the protruding hairs around the yarn body, thereby reducing yarn hairiness. Since production
rate of winding is very high and the process itself increases yarn hairiness any method to reduce the hairiness of yarns at
this stage is a novel approach. A CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model has been developed to simulate the airflow pattern
inside the nozzles using Fluent 6.1 software. In this study, both S- and Z-type nozzles having an axial angle of 50° and diameter
of 2.2 mm were used for simulation studies. To create a swirling effect, four air holes of 0.4 mm diameter are made tangential
to the inner walls of the nozzles. S- and Z-twisted yarns of 30 tex were spun with and without nozzles and were tested for
hairiness, tensile and evenness properties. The total number of hairs equal to or exceeding 3 mm (i.e. the S3 values) for
yarn spun with nozzle is nearly 49–51 % less than that of ring yarns in case of nozzle-ring spinning, and 15 % less in case
of nozzle-winding, while both the yarn types show little difference in evenness and tensile properties. Upward airflow gives
best results in terms of hairiness reduction for nozzle-ring and nozzle wound yarns compared to ring yarns. Yarn passing through
the centre of the nozzle shows maximum reduction in S3 values. 相似文献