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1.
方文彬 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(3)
对用 Ｈ 液的 ４ 种不同时间处理与未处理的 ２５～３０ 年生 ５ 株苹果树木材的物理性质进行测试和统计分析．结果表明：木材密度处理材与未处理材之间差异显著;未处理材的木材全干干缩率、木材湿胀率与基本密度呈线性负相关,处理材的木材全干干缩率、木材湿胀率与基本密度多呈线性正相关;处理材的木材吸水率与基本密度呈线性负相关,未处理材的木材吸水率与基本密度呈线性正相关．经 １００℃温度 Ｈ 液处理能减小干缩比,对木材性质有一定的改善作用 相似文献
2.
桉树是我国南方地区人工林主要造林树种之一,对缓解我国木材供需矛盾发挥着巨大作用。然而,桉树自身所具有的易开裂、变形等缺陷长期以来极大限度的限制了其高效利用。高温干燥处理是提高木材抗干缩性能的有效方法之一。为提高桉树木材的抗干缩特性,采用完全随机区组设计,测定尾叶桉（Eucalyptus urophylla）、尾巨桉（E. urophylla × E. grandis）和巨桉（E. grandis）木材在不同温度、不同时间高温干燥处理下的全干体积干缩率和气干体积干缩率。结果表明,在220℃、5 h的处理条件下,尾叶桉、尾巨桉和巨桉木材的抗干缩性能分别提高了68.24%,70.43%和76.37%。 相似文献
3.
对两种不同栽植密度的杉木Cunninghamialanceolata木材密度和弦向、径向、体积全干干缩率进行了测定和分析．结果表明,木材密度随着栽植密度的增大而增大,且达到极显著水平;而木材弦向、径向和体积全干干缩率,则随着栽植密度的增大而减小;两种栽植密度的木材体积全干干缩率与基本密度呈负相关;木材干缩比与基本密度、栽植密度大的呈正相关,与栽植密度小的呈负相关．因此,适当增加栽植密度可以改善杉木木材的性质,但其影响规律仍需进一步研究． 相似文献
4.
抽提处理对尾巨按木材干缩性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了抑制桉木干缩,采用全因子试验方法研究抽提工艺对尾巨桉木材干缩性的影响.试验结果表明:碱抽提对尾巨桉木材线性干缩率(径向、弦向)、体积干缩率的影响规律不一,但第6、8,9组方案的碱抽提试样的差异干缩率趋近于1;冷水抽提对尾巨桉木材线性干缩率(径向、弦向)、体积干缩率的影响规律比热水抽提明显,热水抽提材的差异干缩波动幅度比冷水抽提材大,效果较好的工艺组合也明显少;第3,4、7、8、11、12组方案的冷水抽提试样的差异干缩趋近于1,而仅第12组方案的热水抽提试样的差异干缩趋近于1.因此,碱抽提和水抽提可以降低尾巨桉木材干缩性的各向异性. 相似文献
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预蒸煮对巨尾桉木材性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将经过48 h冰冻的巨尾桉木材进行水热化学处理,在恒温恒湿干燥后,对比分析处理材与未处理材的干缩率、物理力学性能与抽出物的含量。结果表明:与未处理材相比,处理材的差异干缩、抽出物含量都有所下降;但物理力学性能也降低了,其中抗弯强度、弯曲模量、冲击韧性的最大下降幅度分别为23%、19.1%、46.5%,且若温度过高,比如100℃,处理材反而出现了变形、甚至皱缩等缺陷。 相似文献
6.
选用广西马尾松龄施肥材料（连续观测13年），根据国际《木材物理力学试验方法》，研究了施肥对木材密度和干缩率的影响，结果表明：N、P、K三要素中，以N、P肥对木材密度和干缩率的影响较大。⑴总的来说P增加木材密度和干缩率，N肥降低木材密度木材干缩率。N、P肥降低木材差异干缩。施K肥对木材密度和干缩率的影响规律性不明显。⑵N、P、K施肥对木材密度和干缩率的影响及其变化程度，与肥种、施肥量、树干部位、木纹方向、气干或全干状态有关。施P肥木材密度具有增加的趋势，而且树干下部基本密度方差分析各处理间差异显著。N、K肥对木材密度的影响，规律性不明显。P肥使木材干缩率增加，P肥主要增加的是全干干缩率和径向气干干缩率，特别是树干下部径向气干干缩率各处理间差异显著。K肥对干缩率的影响规律性不明显，有待进一步研究。⑶为了保证木材质量，对于纤维用材林，主要施P肥；对于结构用材林，可施P肥，适当考虑N肥、K肥施用应慎重。 相似文献
7.
选取正常生长和偏心生长欧美杨107杨为研究材料,测试其表面轴向生长应变,并测定应变测试位置处木材的纤维形态和干缩性质,分析应变与木材性质之间的关系.结果表明:1)随着生长应变数值的增加,正常生长立木纤维长度、胞腔径、长宽比、径向全干干缩率、弦向全干干缩率出现微弱的下降趋势,而纤维宽度、双壁厚、壁腔比、轴向全干干缩率出现微弱的上升趋势,正常生长立木生长应变与所有纤维形态指标和干缩性指标之间的相关系数均不显著;2)随着生长应变数值的增加,偏心生长立木双壁厚、长宽比、径向全干干缩率、弦向全干干缩率、轴向全干干缩率出现较快的下降趋势,而纤维宽度、胞腔径同时出现较快的上升趋势,纤维长度出现微弱的上升趋势,偏心生长立木生长应变与双壁厚、轴向全干干缩率、径向全干干缩率、弦向全干干缩率、壁腔比、弦向全干干缩率、长宽比的负相关关系显著,与腔径、纤维宽度的正相关关系显著,与纤维长度之间相关系数不显著;3)对于不含应拉木正常生长的立木,其生长应力与木材纤维形态和木材干缩性质之间关系较为微弱;对于含应拉木偏心生长的立木,由于应拉木材性与正常木之间的差别,其生长应力与多数木材纤维形态指标和木材干缩性质指标之间关系较为紧密. 相似文献
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人工林杨木由于密度低、易皱缩的缺陷限制了其进一步利用。利用不同温度的饱和蒸汽对皱缩杨木试样进行不同时间的皱缩恢复处理,同时测试皱缩试材的径弦向恢复指标。试验数据采用SAS软件进行分析。结果表明:在温度对恢复指标的影响中,试样在100℃处理温度下其弦径向达到最大恢复率,分别为1.650%和1.501%;在时间对恢复指标的影响中,6 h处理试样的弦径向尺寸恢复率达到1.670%和1.411%;根据交互影响得到杨树皱缩恢复最佳工艺条件为100℃,6 h较优;80℃,6 h次之。 相似文献
10.
刘元 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(2)
本文从理论上探讨了木材干燥皱缩的机理．并通过对红柳桉和多枝桉进行干缩性试验，阐述了木材干燥皱缩的特征、特性及其影响因子．揭示了木材干燥皱缩受外界环境影响的规律，对在生产中克服和防止木材干燥皱缩有一定的参考价值． 相似文献
11.
利用正交实验设计的方法对核桃楸种仁可溶性多糖的热水提取工艺进行了研究。结果表明,核桃楸种仁可溶性多糖热水提取的最佳工艺参数为：提取温度100℃、提取时间2.5h、料液比1∶30,此时的多糖得率为6.134%;多糖提取以2次为宜。 相似文献
12.
鄂西红豆古树、初果树种子不同水温处理发芽对比试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以鄂西红豆古树和初果树种子为材料,采用不同温度热水分别对两批种子进行浸种处理,再在圃地上进行播种发芽试验。结果表明:古树批种子发芽率高低的顺序为始温90℃热水浸种24h始温80℃热水浸种24h始温70℃热水浸种24h始温60℃热水浸种24h;初果树批种子发芽率高低的顺序为始温80℃热水浸种24h始温70℃热水浸种24h始温90℃热水浸种24h始温60℃热水浸种24h。古树批种子用始温90℃热水浸种24h处理方法发芽率最高,达84%;初果树批种子用始温80℃热水浸种24h处理方法发芽率最高,达85%。相同方法处理的种子(除始温90℃热水浸种24h外),初果树批种子比古树批种子的发芽率高。用90℃高温热水浸种处理,会造成初果树种子烫伤,严重影响发芽率,而古树种子不受影响。 相似文献
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野鸭椿种子发芽试验分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
促进野鸭椿种子的萌发,关键在于解决其种皮的坚硬致密和蜡质层等阻碍种胚吸水的问题.一定温度的热水浸泡种子,可以软化蜡质层和木质种皮,促进种子吸水膨胀,开裂发芽.水温高低和浸泡时间影响处理效果,水温太低,效果不明显,过高的温度长时间浸泡易对种子内部细胞造成伤害.经方差分析、多重比较等方法,对实验室发芽试验和圃地发芽试验所获... 相似文献
15.
S. C. Chafe 《Wood Science and Technology》1985,19(4):329-345
Summary The relationships among collapse, volumetric shrinkage, moisture content and basic density and their distribution within the stem were examined for trees of E. regnans. It was found that collapse and volumetric shrinkage each were significantly related to moisture content (positively), basic density (negatively), and (positively) to the derived values P (per cent of theoretical saturation) and Q (per cent of cell cavity volume containing water). Notwithstanding the inverse association evident between moisture content and density in the living tree, moisture content was shown to be independently related to each of collapse and volumetric shrinkage.Within the stem, collapse and volumetric shrinkage were negatively correlated with height in the tree although the significance of this relationship was qualified by the adjustment for other variables. Samples containing sapwood displayed collapse values significantly lower than heartwood samples. This was reflected in the presence of a positive relationship between collapse and distance from the periphery when all material was considered, but a negative relationship when sapwood-containing samples were omitted. Basic density was positively correlated with height in the tree and negatively correlated with distance from the periphery. Moisture content, P and Q were negatively correlated with both height in the tree and distance from the periphery although the latter relationship for moisture content was dependent on adjustment for density.The highly significant relationship between volumetric shrinkage and collapse suggested that the former could confidently be used in assessing collapse severity. Moisture content was determined to be an independent indirect indicator of collapse whereas basic density, P, Q and green density could all be of indicatory value, especially the last in view of its ease of measurement. 相似文献
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Shrinkage and collapse in thin sections and blocks of Tasmanian mountain ash regrowth 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Summary Total collapse values from the green condition to various equilibrium moisture contents (EMC) were obtained by comparing shrinkage before reconditioning in matched blocks and sections of the wood of Eucalyptus regnans. It was shown that while collapse to 17% EMC comprised the largest portion of total collapse, a significant component, apparently caused by drying stress, developed below 17% EMC. Between 5% EMC and 0% moisture content a collapse recovery of some 1% occurred, seemingly because of changes in drying temperature. After reconditioning, collapse recovery was only partial and a high level of residual collapse remained. It was shown that collapse recovery was highest near the sapwood-heartwood boundary, while residual collapse was highest near the heartwood centre. While residual collapse was weakly negatively correlated with specific gravity, this relationship was not significant after adjustment was made for change in shrinkage after reconditioning in sections. All types of collapse were positively correlated with R-ratios calculated for blocks. However, relationships were not as well defined when R-ratios for sections were employed, the exception being for collapse below 17% EMC which was highly negatively correlated with R. The difference between shrinkage before reconditioning and shrinkage after reconditioning in sections, while totalling near zero, was positively correlated with specific gravity. It was demonstrated that this quantity could not constitute collapse in the traditional sense of collapse of the cell lumens. A possible association with moisture content of the material was discussed. 相似文献
18.
J. Ilic 《Wood Science and Technology》1999,33(5):425-437
Summary Assessments of internal checking and the physical properties of 124 trees of Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. have shown that for material dried under relatively mild predryer conditions (30 °C, 65% RH) internal checking
was highly positively correlated with each of collapse, moisture content and normal shrinkage, and weakly negatively correlated
with total external shrinkage. Collapse alone explained 47% of the variation in internal checking. Incidence of internal checking
in sample boards could be estimated with moderate success by each of the following properties measured on board ends: collapse,
the number of internal checks and initial moisture content. Material with high mean basic density above 530 kg/m3 was associated with low levels of internal checking and collapse. However, the maximum naturally occurring density of E. regnans was not high enough to obviate collapse and internal checking. It was observed that growth rings in 100 × 50 mm backsawn
boards in which the earlywood air-dry density was below 450 kg/m3 showed internal checking. The size and number of internal checks increased with a decrease in earlywood density. It was shown
that drying E. regnans below temperatures of 24–30 °C does not eliminate collapse, thus raising doubt about the validity of a temperature threshold
concept in that range.
Received 17 September 1997 相似文献
19.
《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(3):95-104
Abstract Several key wood properties of four Australian hardwood species: Corymbia citriodora, Eucalyptus pilularis, Eucalyptus marginata and Eucalyptus obliqua, were characterized using state-of-the-art equipment at AgroParisTech, ENGREF, France. The wood properties were measured for input into microscopic (cellular level) and macroscopic (board level) vacuum-drying models currently under development. Morphological characterization was completed using a combination of environmental scanning electron microscopy and image analysis software. A clear difference in fibre porosity, size, wall thickness and orientation was evident between species. Viscoelastic properties were measured in the tangential and radial directions using dynamic mechanical analysis instrumentation. The glass transition temperature was markedly different for each species owing to anatomical and chemical variations. The radial direction showed higher stiffness, internal friction and glass transition temperature than the tangential direction. A highly sensitive microbalance and laser technology were used to measure loss of moisture content in conjunction with directional shrinkage on microsamples. Collapse shrinkage was clearly evident with this method for E. obliqua, but not with other species, consistent with industrial seasoning experience. To characterize the wood–water relations of E. obliqua, free of collapse, thinner sample sections (in the radial–tangential plane) are recommended. 相似文献
20.
ZHAO Rongjun FEI Benhua JIANG Zehui Research Institute of Wood Industry Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing P.R.China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2007,6(3):33-39
In order to better understand the reasons why eucalypt veneer checks easily and severely, wood samples of three eucalypt species were selected, and their anatomical and physical properties were examined according to conventional methods and the national standards. The effects of variances in cell wall thickness of wood fibre and vessel, and diameter of the cell lumen as well as the tissue ratio on the quality of plywood veneer were analysed. The results show that： 1） There is a great difference in fibre cell wall thickness and diameter of the cell lumen between early wood and late wood of Eucalyptus delegatensis. 2） E. obliqua has a high wood fibre tissue ratio and the thickest fibre cell wall, but the difference inthe fibre cell wall thickness between early wood and late wood is the smallest. 3） The wood fibre tissue ratio of E. regnans is smaller than that of E. obliqua, and its wood fibre cell wall isthe thinnest and there is only a very small difference in fibre cell wall thickness between early wood and late wood. The difference inthe diameter of wood fibre cell lumen among early wood, transition area and late wood is also small： 4） E. delegatensis has the highest tangential shrinkage rate and radial-tangential shrinkage rate, andE. obliqua has the lowest. It is the variability of wood anatomical properties of these species that cause the difference in the veneer shrinkagei and then affects plywood veneer quality. 相似文献