首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
The adaptation of newborn calves to extra-uterine life was evaluated by measuring arterial blood gases, acid-base values, blood ions and lung mechanical function parameters in normal and acidotic calves during the first 24 h. Twenty-seven Holstein Friesian newborn calves were divided into two groups according to their immediate post partum arterial blood pH values (Group A blood pH > or = 7.2: normal group; Group B blood pH between 7.2 and 7.0: acidotic group). Pulmonary function parameters were measured and arterial blood samples were analysed for blood gases, acid-base variables and ion content immediately post partum (within 2 min) and then 6 and 24 h after calving.Lung resistance and maximal difference between pressure maximum and pressure minimum (max delta Ppl) decreased, while dynamic lung compliance increased significantly in both groups. Immediately post partum the lung resistance and max delta Ppl were significantly higher in the acidotic group than in the normal group. The arterial blood pH progressively compensated with time in both groups during the first 24 h and there was no difference in arterial blood pH values between the two groups 6 h after birth. These results showed that the compensation of acidosis was associated with the improvement in lung mechanics and these changes occurred mainly during the first 6 h of life. Moderate to pronounced acidosis did not affect the pulmonary adaptation negatively, although some respiratory mechanics parameters (max delta Ppl), blood pH and Ca(2+)ion concentrations remained significantly different between the normal and acidotic groups at 24 h. This might be the result of overcompensation of acidosis and the interdependence between blood pH and Ca(2+)concentrations.  相似文献   

2.
The pH, partial pressure of oxygen (pO(2)), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)), concentration of bicarbonate (HCO(3)(-)), base excess and oxygen saturation (SO(2)) were measured in venous and arterial blood from 57 newborn calves from 55 dams. Blood samples were collected immediately after birth and 30 minutes, four, 12 and 24 hours later from a jugular vein and a caudal auricular artery. The mean (sd) pO(2) and SO(2) of arterial blood increased from 45.31 (16.02) mmHg and 64.16 (20.82) per cent at birth to a maximum of 71.89 (8.32) mmHg and 92.81 (2.32) per cent 12 hours after birth, respectively. During the same period, the arterial pCO(2) decreased from 57.31 (4.98) mmHg to 43.74 (4.75) mmHg. The correlation coefficients for arterial and venous blood were r=0.86 for pH, r=0.85 for base excess and r=0.76 for HCO(3)(-). The calves with a venous blood pH of less than 7.2 immediately after birth had significantly lower base excess and HCO(3)(-) concentrations for 30 minutes after birth than the calves with a venous blood pH of 7.2 or higher. In contrast, the arterial pO(2) was higher in the calves with a blood pH of less than 7.2 than in those with a higher pH for 30 minutes after birth.  相似文献   

3.
This study was undertaken in buffalo neonates born to vitamin E (dl ‐ alpha ‐ tocopherol acetate) ‐ supplemented and non‐supplemented Murrah buffaloes. Calves from vitamin E‐supplemented buffaloes (n = 10; vitamin E ‐supplemented calves [VeC]) and non‐supplemented buffaloes (n = 10; control calves [CC]) constituted the treatment and control groups respectively. Two colostrum samples were taken at the first post‐partum milking and again after 12 h from dams for IgG estimation. Sampling of blood was performed on days 0 (before colostrum feeding), 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112 and 126 post‐birth and analysed for apparent efficiency of absorption (%) of IgG and various immune parameters. Colostral IgG level was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in vitamin E‐supplemented buffaloes. The calves in both groups were born hypogammaglobulinemic with IgG level <5 g/l. However, first colostrum feeding resulted in significantly elevated IgG levels (>10 g/l) in calves of both groups at 24 h, which remained high afterwards. Apparent efficiency of absorption (%) of IgG at 24 h was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in VeC than in CC. Plasma Nitric Oxide (NO) levels were significantly elevated in the calves of either group at birth, which declined significantly (p < 0.01) afterwards. Vitamin E feeding to dams had no added effect on NO levels in experimental calves. Total leucocyte counts did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, lymphocyte and neutrophil counts changed significantly between groups (p < 0.01) and days (p < 0.01), with lymphocytes increasing and neutrophils declining with age. This study revealed that the calves were immunologically immature at birth. Ante‐partum supplementation of vitamin E did not influence plasma NO or IgG but had a significant effect on colostral IgG (p < 0.05). It also improved the apparent efficiency of absorption (%) of IgG at 24 h in VeC as compared to CC.  相似文献   

4.
Thyroid hormone levels in the plasma and blood pH were compared in 38 newborn calves and their dams immediately at parturition, then 24 and 72 h thereafter. Both thyroid hormone levels and pH exhibit much higher variation in calves than in cows. Applying a linear model at different sampling times, a weak (r = -0.112 to -0.397) but significant (P less than 0.05) negative correlation was found between thyroid hormone levels and blood pH in calves 24 and 72 h postpartum. At birth, when no correlation was found with linear approach, a polynomial regression model showed curvilinear relationship between thyroid hormone levels and blood pH in calves. Since these correlations could not be substantiated by comparing data of different sampling times, one can conclude that the possible relationship of thyroid hormone levels and blood pH is a complex one. Revealing the underlying mechanism of the above observations requires further study.  相似文献   

5.
OBJECTIVE: To determine concentrations of electrolytes, total bilirubin, urea, creatinine, and hemoglobin; activities of some enzymes; and Hct and number of leukocytes and erythrocytes of newborn calves in relation to the degree of acidosis and treatment with a hypertonic sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO(3)) solution. ANIMALS: 20 acidotic newborn calves with a blood pH < 7.2 and 22 newborn control calves with a blood pH > or = 7.2. PROCEDURES: Approximately 10 minutes after birth, acidotic calves were treated by IV administration of 5% NaHCO(3) solution. The amount of hypertonic solution infused was dependent on the severity of the acidosis. RESULTS: Treatment resulted in a significant increase in the mean +/- SEM base excess from -8.4 +/- 1.2 mmol/L immediately after birth to 0.3 +/- 1.1 mmol/L 120 minutes later. During the same period, sodium concentration significantly increased from 145.3 +/- 0.8 mmol/L to 147.8 +/- 0.7 mmol/L. Mean chloride concentration before NaHCO(3) administration was significantly lower in the acidotic calves (99.6 +/- 1.1 mmol/L) than in the control calves (104.1 +/- 0.9 mmol/L). Calcium concentration in acidotic calves decreased significantly from before to after treatment. Concentrations of potassium, magnesium, and inorganic phosphorus were not affected by treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Administration of hypertonic NaHCO(3) solution to acidotic neonatal calves did not have any adverse effects on plasma concentrations of several commonly measured electrolytes or enzyme activities. The treatment volume used was smaller, compared with that for an isotonic solution, which makes it more practical for use in field settings.  相似文献   

6.
Three cross-bred cows calved in March and April and were followed until day 62 after parturition. Each animal was suckled by 2 calves ad libitum. All calves were removed from the cows on day 55 after parturition. Blood was collected 3 times per day from the jugular vein by venipuncture. On 4 occasions after parturition--i.e. days 7-8, 21-22, 35-36 and 49-50, the cows were bled through a jugular venous catheter every 30 min during the 24 h. The plasma samples were analyzed for the content of 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-PGF2 alpha (main PGF2 alpha metabolite), LH, prolactin, cortisol and progesterone by radioimmunoassay methods. The concentration of PGF2 alpha increased from 280 to 730 pmol/l within the last 4 days before parturition. The highest geometric mean was 3106 pmol/l on the day of parturition. Thereafter a steady decrease of PGF2 alpha metabolite concentration was seen until day 21 when it reached plateau at 148 pmol/l. In all cows plasma LH concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.05) from about 1.6 micrograms/l on days 7-8 to 2.4 micrograms/l on days 21-22 post partum. The frequency of LH pulses showed no tendency to increase as the postpartum period progressed and averaged 6.5 pulses/24 h. Mean plasma LH concentrations increased from 2.1 micrograms/l 2 days before weaning to 3.2 micrograms/l 2 days after weaning (P < 0.05). LH peaks occurred less frequently in association with prolactin and cortisol peaks than in their absence. A partial positive correlation between PGF2 alpha metabolite and cortisol (r = 0.30) was found on days 7-8 post partum. Correlation between prolactin and cortisol on days 7-8 and 21-22 post partum was also positive (r = 0.20 and r = 0.27, respectively). There was a negative correlation between LH and cortisol on days 7-8 (r = -0.27) and days 49-50 (r = -0.21) post partum. The first and short progesterone increase observed after weaning was terminated in conjunction with PGF2 alpha metabolite peaks.  相似文献   

7.
It is evident from the results, that the beta carotene and vitamin A levels in blood serum of calves of different age could be significantly increased by Rovimix--beta carotene supplementation. High utilization rate of beta carotene from Rovimix as well as considerable beta carotene conversion into vitamin A was also found in calves from dams supplemented with Rovimix--beta carotene in the period of late pregnancy. The contribution of beta carotene reserves of the mother to the vitamin A stores of the foetus and to the beta carotene and vitamin A concentrations in blood serum of calves suggest that the main preventive method of beta carotene and vitamin A deficiency in calves should be high intake of beta carotene from daily ration fed to cows or Rovimix--beta carotene supplementation during late pregnancy of cows.  相似文献   

8.
The acid-base status of 58 calves (all in normal anterior presentation) was determined from venous blood samples before the onset of traction and immediately after vaginal delivery. Calves were assigned to one of three groups according to their blood pH value: group 1 - normal, pH greater than 7.2; group 2 - acidotic, pH 7.2 to 7.0; group 3 - severely acidotic, pH less than 7.0. Before the onset of traction (i.e. during the 30 minutes following the appearance and rupture of the membranes), 43 calves (74.1%) had normal acid-base values, 14 (24.1%) had slight acidosis, and only 1 (1.7%) had severe acidosis. At birth the three groups of calves showed the following distribution: 23 (39.7%) were normal, 29 (50%) had slight acidosis, and 6 (10.3%) had severe acidosis. Seven calves (12.1%) died during birth or within 48 hours after birth; 2 were normal shortly before birth, 4 were acidotic shortly before birth, and 1 was severely acidotic even before the onset of traction. Traction was significantly longer for cows that delivered severely acidotic calves compared to cows in the other two groups.  相似文献   

9.
Calves are born vitamin A and β‐carotene deficient and the β‐carotene conversion to vitamin A is limited. Colostrum, contains relatively large amounts of vitamin A and β‐carotene and the retinol and β‐carotene status of calves can be normalized with colostrum consumption. We studied whether vitamin A supplementation of cows during late gestation (dry period) increases cow plasma retinol concentrations, the retinol content of first colostrum, and the plasma vitamin A status of calves during their first month of life. Both plasma and colostrum retinol concentrations were higher in vitamin A supplemented cows than in non‐supplemented cows. In calves that were for 5 days fed colostrum (milk) from vitamin A‐supplemented cows and then mature milk, plasma retinol concentrations were higher from 14 to 30 days after birth than in calves that were fed colostrum (milk) from cows that were not vitamin A supplemented. The study shows that vitamin A supplementation of cows during the dry period can improve the vitamin A status of their calves up to 1 month, if calves ingest their colostrum/milk for up to 5 days.  相似文献   

10.
Three groups of beef cow and calf pairs were studied to determine plasma vitamin E and blood selenium (Se) concentrations of calves at 1 month old. Group 1 was managed on irrigated pasture and calves received no Se/vitamin E injections at birth. Group 2 was managed on irrigated pasture, and the calves were injected with Se/vitamin E at birth. Group 3 was managed on dry foothill grasslands, and these cows were supplemented with 56.3 mg vitamin E and 3 mg Se daily, and the calves received a Se/vitamin E injection at birth. The plasma concentration of vitamin E in group 1 and 2 cows (9.5 +/- 1.24 and 8.43 +/- 1.0 microg/ml, respectively) was significantly higher than that of the group 3 cows (2.28 +/- 0.42 microg/ml; P < 0.05). The blood Se concentrations in group 3 cows (169 +/- 37 ng/ml) were significantly higher than those in group 1 and 2 cows (36.4 +/- 15.9 and 31.1 +/- 12.5 ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.05). Calf Se was highly correlated to cow Se (r = 0.965), and calf vitamin E was moderately correlated to cow vitamin E (r = 0.605). Calf vitamin E concentrations were consistently lower than cow vitamin E concentrations, and many values would be considered deficient.  相似文献   

11.
Summary

The acid‐base status of 58 calves (all in normal anterior presentation) was determined from venous blood samples before the onset of traction and immediately after vaginal delivery.

Calves were assigned to one of three groups according to their blood pH value: group 1 ‐ normal, pH >7.2; group 2 ‐ acidotic, pH 7.2 to 7.0; group 3 ‐ severely acidotic, pH < 7.0. Before the onset of traction (i.e. during the 30 minutes following the appearance and rupture of the membranes), 43 calves (74.1%) had normal acid‐base values, 14 (24.1%) had slight acidosis, and only 1 (1.7%) had severe acidosis. At birth the three groups of calves showed the following distribution: 23 (39.7%) were normal, 29 (50%) had slight acidosis, and 6 (10.3%) had severe acidosis.

Seven calves (12. 1%) died during birth or within 48 hours after birth; 2 were normal shortly before birth, 4 were acidotic shortly before birth, and 1 was severely acidotic even before the onset of traction. Traction was significantly longer for cows that delivered severely acidotic calves compared to cows in the other two groups.  相似文献   

12.
Effects of feeding pregnant dams supplemental dietary fat during the last 55 d of gestation on cold tolerance of newborn crossbred calves with (Piedmontese cross, P, n = 15) or without (Hereford cross, H, n = 16) the muscle hypertrophy allele was determined. Primiparous F1 dams gestating F2 calves of the respective breeds were assigned randomly within breed to receive gestation diets containing either 2.2 (Low Fat; LF) or 5.1% fat (High Fat; HF). Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds containing 37% oil with 79% linoleic acid were the supplemental fat source in diets formulated to be isocaloric-isonitrogenous. At parturition, calves were separated from their dams, fed 38 degrees C pooled dairy cow colostrum (30 mL/kg BW), muzzled to prevent suckling, and returned to their dams in a heated (22 degrees C) room for 3.5 h. At 4 h of age (birth = 0 h), a catheter was inserted into the jugular vein. At 5 h of age, calves were placed in a 0 degrees C room for 140 min, and rectal temperatures and blood samples were obtained at 10- and 20-min intervals. Blood was assayed for cortisol and glucose. Rectal temperature was affected by diet (P<.05), time, diet x time, and breed x time (P<.01 for time and the interactions). Cortisol and glucose concentrations were not affected by diet, breed, or the diet x breed interaction, but they were affected by time, breed x time (both P<.01), and diet x time (P = .06). Calves from HF dams had higher rectal temperatures than calves from LF dams, and the HF calves maintained higher rectal temperatures throughout cold exposure. Cortisol concentrations were lower (P = .06) in calves from HF dams, and these calves had more (P = .06) glucose available for metabolic heat production than calves from LF dams. Piedmontese-cross calves maintained higher (P<.01) rectal temperatures and had higher cortisol and glucose (both P<.01) concentrations than did H-cross calves. We conclude that feeding dams supplemental fat during late gestation increased heat production in newborn calves and potentially could increase calf survival; calves with muscle hypertrophy may have a different ratio of shivering vs nonshivering thermogenesis due to differences in body composition or relationships among uncoupling proteins.  相似文献   

13.
The present study was undertaken to establish reference values for the composition of blood leucocyte populations in neonatal calves by differential leucocyte counts and immunophenotyping. Neonatal calves 1 h post partum (p.p.) were found to have a very high absolute number of granulocytes while the number of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was lower than in calves aged 3-9 weeks. The relative numbers of T cell subpopulations were similar in newborn and older calves, but newborn calves had lower percentages of B cells and MHC class II positive cells. Within the first 4 h of life the relative numbers of CD2+, CD6+, and CD8+ T cells declined in colostrum-fed as well as in colostrum-deprived calves. In contrast, the percentage of MHC class II positive cells and monocytes increased from 1 h to 4 h p.p. particularly in colostrum-fed calves. Although there is some evidence for immaturity of lymphocytes in neonatal calves, the immune system of these animals seems to be fully present at birth.  相似文献   

14.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between oxidative stress and antioxidants in neonatal calves after birth. SAMPLE POPULATION: Sera from 6 healthy Holstein-Friesian cows and 7 of their newborn calves were obtained at various intervals after birth. PROCEDURE: Lipid peroxides in serum of cows and their newborn calves were estimated by measuring concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). The antioxidative activities of neonatal sera were evaluated by measuring their superoxide-scavenging activities, ferroxidase activities, and the concentration of bilirubin-associated albumin. RESULTS: Concentration of TBARS in neonatal sera within 1 day after birth was significantly higher than concentrations > or = 2 days after birth and concentrations in serum of the dams. In contrast, antioxidative activities of neonatal sera, evaluated on the basis of superoxide-scavenging activities, ferroxidase activities, and concentration of bilirubin-associated albumin 3 hours after birth, were significantly lower than antioxidative activities in sera of the dams. CONCLUSIONS: Susceptibility of calves to oxidative stress during the neonatal period may be explained by the immature defense system against superoxide radicals.  相似文献   

15.
The objective of this prospective study was to elucidate whether amounts of bicarbonate needed for correction of acidosis and normalization of clinical signs are influenced by blood D-lactate concentrations in calves with diarrhoea. In 73 calves up to 3 weeks old with acute diarrhoea and base excess values below -10 mmol/l correction of acidosis was carried out within 3.5-h by intravenous administration of an amount of sodium bicarbonate which was calculated using the formula: HCO (mmol) = body mass (kg) x base deficit (mmol/l) x 0.6 (l/kg). Clinical signs, venous base excess, and plasma D-lactate concentrations were monitored immediately following admission, following correction of acidosis at 4 h and 24 h after admission. The base excess and plasma D-lactate concentrations throughout the study were -17.8 +/- 4.0, -0.4 +/- 0.4, -3.0 +/- 5.5 mmol/l (base excess), and 10.0 +/- 4.9, 9.8 +/- 4.8, 5.4 +/- 3.4 mmol/l (D-lactate) for the three times of examination. Metabolic acidosis was not corrected in more than half of the calves (n = 43) by the calculated amount of bicarbonate, whereas the risk of failure to correct acidosis increases with D-lactate concentrations. The study shows that calves with elevated D-lactate concentrations do not need additional specific therapy, as D-lactate concentrations regularly fall following correction of acidosis and restitution of body fluid volume, for reasons that remain unclear. However, calves with distinct changes in posture and demeanour need higher doses of bicarbonate than calculated with the factor of 0.6 in the formula mentioned above probably because of D-hyperlactataemia.  相似文献   

16.
Five experiments with 18 to 36 male calves each of the black and white dairy cattle breed (age: 14-21 days, initial live weight: approximately 45 kg per animal) were carried out in order to investigate the influence of various vitamin A supply (0-80,000 IU per 100 kg LW and day) on dry matter intake and weight gain as well as the vitamin A status of liver and blood plasma over 84 days. The calves consumed a diet free of carotene and vitamin A consisting of milk replacer, concentrate and chopped wheat straw. The calves were fed in three experiments for a longer time in order to observe the further vitamin A depletion. Nine animals consumed an unsupplemented ration, nine other one got 10,000 IU vitamin A per 100 kg LW and day. Biopsies of liver and plasma samples were taken from 4 animals per group every four weeks. The various vitamin A supplementation did not significantly influence the dry matter intake (Mean: 1.67; 1.48 to 1.80 kg DM per animal and day) and the weight gain of calves (Mean: 702, 599 to 770 g per animal and day). First vitamin A deficiency symptoms (reduced feed intake, decreased weight gain, diarrhoea etc.) were observed in animals of unsupplemented group after 100 days of experiments. After 84 days the vitamin A concentration of liver of animals of unsupplemented groups decreased to 1.3-32.2% compared with the begin of experiments (60.6-155.7 mumol/kg fresh matter). Up to 51% of initial concentration were found when 10,000 IU vitamin A per 100 kg LW and day were fed. About 25,000 IU vitamin A per 100 kg LW and day were required in order to keep the initial level of vitamin A concentration of liver. The plasma vitamin A concentration is unsuitable for estimation of vitamin A status of calves. The concentration of vitamin A of liver and plasma amounted to 114 mumol per kg and 0.25 mumol per litre at the begin of experiments. The vitamin A concentration of liver of unsupplemented group decreased to 20 mumol per kg, that of plasma increased to 0.28 mumol per 1 at the end. A strong vitamin A deficiency (liver concentration: less than 10 mumol/kg) may cause a decrease of vitamin A concentration of blood.  相似文献   

17.
The aims of this study were to demonstrate the effects of zinc sulphate administration (2 g/week p.o., 2% solution) on zinc, copper, iron, calcium and magnesium levels in blood serum of 20 pregnant Ivesi sheep during the last 2 month of pregnancy, immediately post partum as well as in their newborn lambs. In these 20 lambs, also total serum protein, gamma globulin and birth weight were determined. The control group consisted of 15 pregnant sheep and their 15 lambs housed under the same conditions. Zinc sulphate administered to sheep caused significant increases in their serum levels of zinc as well as in those of their lambs. The lambs of the zinc supplemented group had also slightly higher birth weights (not significant) and significant higher gamma globulin levels, whereas the total protein values was almost identical in both groups.  相似文献   

18.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether parenteral administration of selenium (Se) to calves and the amount of forage and protein provided to their dams affects unadjusted body weight, adjusted 205-day body weight, and average daily gain (ADG) of suckling beef calves. DESIGN: Randomized controlled field trial. ANIMALS: 151 Hereford-Angus crossbred beef calves. PROCEDURE: Newborn calves, randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups, served as untreated controls (n = 49) or were given Se (0.05 mg/kg [0.023 mg/lb] of body weight, SC) once within 2 days of birth (55) or within 2 days of birth and on days 70, 114, and 149 (47). Until day 149, cow-calf pairs were pastured in fields in which the amount of available forage was high or low and supplemental protein was or was not provided. Calves were weighed on days 1, 70, 149, and 209. On days 160 and 209, blood was obtained from 33 calves for measurements of Se concentration. RESULTS: Mean consumption of supplemental protein was 0.65 kg/dam/d. Between days 1 and 70, calves that received the first of 4 multiple injections of Se had significantly greater ADG than control calves. Average daily gain for calves given only 1 injection was not significantly different from controls. Between days 70 and 149, ADG of calves increased with dietary supplementation of protein to their dams. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Strategic administration of Se to calves and dietary supplementation of protein to their dams may result in greater ADG in suckling beef calves during specific time intervals.  相似文献   

19.
After examination of the clinical state of 128 new-born calves, blood was collected from their vena jugularis for the determination of blood actual pH value, concentration of lactic acid, pCO2, base excess, buffer base and standard acid bicarbonate. The course and difficulty of parturition exerted a significant influence on the vitality of the calves and on the studied parameters of acid-base state. In the normally born calves, compared with those after dystocia, the following values were obtained: pH 7.20 +/- 0.03 : 7.11 +/- 0.07, pCO2 = 8.4 +/- 0.9 : 10.0 +/- 1.1 kPa, base excess -2.30 +/- 2.10 : 5.80 +/- 4.60 mmol/l, buffer base 43.0 +/- 2.4 : 39.5 +/- 6.5 mmol/l, standard acid bicarbonate 22.3 +/- 1.8 : 19.6 +/- 4.1 mmol/l and lactic acid concentration 5.6 +/- 2.0 : 10.7 +/- 5.1 mmol/l. The differences were statistically significant (P less than 0.05) and statistically highly significant (P less than 0.01). The continual study of the blood actual pH value and lactic acid concentration in the calves in the first 24 hours of life showed that with the same trend of changes in calves after dystocia the initial values were less favourable and that their normalization lasted longer. Attention is drawn to the importance of dystocia for the rise of respiratory metabolic acidosis and its effect on the vitality of newborn calves, and/or on their survival. The discussion deals with the importance of immunoglobulin levels in calves in the first days after birth for their further development. The determination of antibody content in colostral serum from the first milking in 33 and 29 cows on two farms showed great drawbacks in quality. A satisfactory level of IgG was found only in 36.36% and 58.62% of the cows, and a satisfactory level of IgM only in 12.12% and 24.13% of the studied cows. The determination of immunoglobulin content in their calves two to three days from birth (33 + 33 animals) showed normoglobulinemia only in 24.24% and 15.15% of cases. In 33 and 29 cows on two farms the colostrum serum from the first milking had an average content of immunoglobulins of class G amounting to 27.99 +/- 20.25 mg/ml and 36.95 +/- 21.62 mg/ml, and class M amounting to 3.64 +/- 1.25 and 2.04 +/- 1.42 mg/ml. Three days from birth, their calves had an IgG content of 4.25 +/- 2.57 mg/ml and 3.99 +/- 1.86 mg/ml and an IgM content of 0.30 +/- 0.20 and 6.38 +/- 0.25 mg/ml.  相似文献   

20.
Three main factors underlying the immunity state of newborn calves are evaluated. During the absorption of colostral immunoglobulins the immunoprotein profile of a newborn calf is influenced by the following factors (arranged according to importance): volume of the first colostrum taken in, time of the first drinking, and immunoglobulin concentration (IgG and IgM) in colostrum. When given 1.1 or 2.0 litres of colostrum of about the same quality (as to immunity), the calves of the compared groups had significantly different levels of total serum Ig measured 24 hours after birth: 10.7 and 18.6 U ZST (P less than 0.05) and 48 hours after birth: 11.7 and 19.7 U ZST (P less than 0.01). A significant difference in total serum proteins was observed only in the 48th hour post partum (54.4 and 63.6 g per litre; P less than 0.05). At the intake of 1.5 litres of colostrum within two and five hours after birth, with the same total intake of the sum of IgG and IgM in the groups, the calves exhibited, in the 24th hour, total serum Ig levels of 14.4 and 12.4 U ZST (P greater than 0.05) respectively, and 56.0 and 47.9 g per litre (P greater than 0.05) of total serum protein, respectively. With a different concentration of colostral IgG (122.0 or 77.0 g per litre) the statistically significant Ig absorption into blood was adequately different (17.2 and 10.0 U ZST, respectively, P less than 0.05). The differences in the concentration of total serum Ig and total proteins between the 24th and 48th hour after birth were only very small and statistically insignificant. Regression analysis proved a significant relation (P less than 0.01) between the level of total serum Ig 24 and 48 hours after birth and the total amount of IgG and IgM taken in with the first colostrum. The calves coming from primiparae had a lower immunity (P less than 0.01) in comparison with the calves of multiparae. A similar relation in the absorption of colostral Ig was observed when the spontaneously born calves were compared with those born by the Caesarean section (P less than 0.01).  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号