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1.
In order to study the influence of difference in C2H2 concentration on the production of CO2,N2O,NH4-N and volatile fatty acids(VFA).soil slurries with a gradient in C2H2 concentration were anaerobically incubated at 25℃ for 2 weeks.Acetate,butyrate and CO2 production and NH4-N accumulation were inhibited in the slurres in the presence of C2H2;and the inhibition effect increased with increasing C2H2 from 0 to 20 kPa in the headspace gas of the incubation bottle.However,N2O,isobutyrate and propionate production was not obviously different among the slurres amended with C2H2 from 2.5 to 20 kPa.Therefore,the results implied that the C2H2 did not promote the inhibition but only increased the side effect on other microbial processes.The C2H2 of 2.5 kPa was suggested to be the optimum choice for the present denitrification study.  相似文献   

2.
The closed-jar incubation method is widely used to estimate the mineralization of soil organic C. There are two C pools (i.e., organic and inorganic C) in calcareous soil. To evaluate the effect of additional carbonates on CO2 emission from calcareous soil during closed-jar incubation, three incubation experiments were conducted by adding different types (CaCO3 and MgCO3 ) and amounts of carbonate to the soil. The addition of carbonates significantly increased CO2 emission from the soil; the increase ranged from 12.0% in the CaCO3 amended soil to 460% in the MgCO3 amended soil during a 100-d incubation. Cumulative CO2 production at the end of the incubation was three times greater in the MgCO3 amended soil compared to the CaCO3 amended one. The CO2 emission increased with the amount of CaCO3 added to the soil. In contrast, CO2 emission decreased as the amount of MgCO3 added to the soil increased. Our results confirmed that the closed-jar incubation method could lead to an overestimate of organic C mineralization in calcareous soils. Because of its effect on soil pH and the dissolution of carbonates, HgCl2 should not be used to sterilize calcareous soil if the experiment includes the measurement of soil CO2 production.  相似文献   

3.
Denitrification losses measured by direct method (measuring the evolution of (N2 N2O)-^15N) were compared with the apparent denitrification losses (calculated from the difference between the total N loss and ammonia loss), for fertilizers applied to flooded soils.The direct measured denitrification losses from potassium nitrate were 23.0%,40.0%,and 63.1-79.7% of applied N in rice field,and in incubations of 7 cm deep layer of soil and 2 cm deep layer of soil,respectively;while the corresponding apparent denitrification losses were 96.0%,98.4%,and 97.7-97.9%,respectively.In field experiments with urea,the direct measured denitrification losses ranged from 0.1-1.8%,which were much less than the apparent denitrification losses (41.3-45.7%).Such discrepancies were primarily due to the entrapment of the gaseous products of denitrification in the soil as revealed by the facts:(1) stirring the floodwater and the surface soil markedly increased the fluxes of (N2_N2O)-^15N from urea or potassium nitrate applied to the flooded rice field,and (2) reducing the pressure in the headspace of the incubation bottle with the 7 cm soil layer during gas sampling decreased the discrepance between the direct measured and apparent denitrifecation losses from 58.4% to 21.2%.The advantage of reducing the pressure in the headspace is that there is minimal disturbance of the soil.Further testing of this technique in rice field is needed to determine its effectiveness in releasing the entrapped gaseous products of denitrification so that denitrification losses can be quantified directly.  相似文献   

4.
In nutrient-limited alpine meadows,nitrogen(N) mineralization is prior to soil microbial immobilization;therefore,increased mineral N supply would be most likely immobilized by soil microbes due to nutrient shortage in alpine soils.In addition,low temperature in alpine meadows might be one of the primary factors limiting soil organic matter decomposition and thus N mineralization.A laboratory incubation experiment was performed using an alpine meadow soil from the Tibetan Plateau.Two levels of NH4NO3(N) or glucose(C) were added,with a blank without addition of C or N as the control,before incubation at 5,15,or 25 ℃ for 28 d.CO2 efflux was measured during the 28-d incubation,and the mineral N was measured at the beginning and end of the incubation,in order to test two hypotheses:1) net N mineralization is negatively correlated with CO2 efflux for the control and 2) the external labile N or C supply will shift the negative correlation to positive.The results showed a negative correlation between CO2 efflux and net N immobilization in the control.External inorganic N supply did not change the negative correlation.The external labile C supply shifted the linear correlation from negative to positive under the low C addition level.However,under the high C level,no correlation was found.These suggested that the correlation of CO2 efflux to net N mineralization strongly depend on soil labile C and C:N ratio regardless of temperatures.Further research should focus on the effects of the types and the amount of litter components on interactions of C and N during soil organic matter decomposition.  相似文献   

5.
Excessive amounts of nitrate have accumulated in many soils on the North China Plain due to the large amounts of chemical N fertilizers or manures used in combination with low carbon inputs. We investigated the potential of different carbon substrates added to transform soil nitrate into soil organic N (SON). A 56-d laboratory incubation experiment using the 15 N tracer (K15 NO3 ) technique was carried out to elucidate the proportion of SON derived from accumulated soil nitrate following amendment with glucose or maize straw at controlled soil temperature and moisture. The dynamics and isotopic abundance of mineral N (NO3 and NH+4 ) and SON and greenhouse gas (N2O and CO2 ) emissions during the incubation were investigated. Although carbon amendments markedly stimulated transformation of nitrate to newly formed SON, this was only a substitution effect of the newly formed SON with native SON because SON at the end of the incubation period was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from that in control soil without added C. At the end of the incubation period, amendment with glucose, a readily available C source, increased nitrate immobilization by 2.65 times and total N2O-N emission by 33.7 times, as compared with maize straw amendment. Moreover, the differences in SON and total N2O-N emission between the treatments with glucose and maize straw were significant (P < 0.05). However, the total N2O-N emission in the straw treatment was not significantly (P > 0.05) greater than that in the control. Straw amendment may be a potential option in agricultural practice for transformation of nitrate N to SON and minimization of N2O emitted as well as restriction of NO3-N leaching.  相似文献   

6.
菜地土壤中氮肥的反硝化损失和N2O排放   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
A field experiment was conducted on Chinese cabbage （Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis （Lour.） Olsson） in a Nanjing suburb in 2003. The experiment included 4 treatments in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates： zero chemical fertilizer N （CK）; urea at rates of 300 kg N ha^-1 （U300） and 600 kg N ha^-1 （U600）, both as basal and two topdressings; and polymer-coated urea at a rate of 180 kg N ha^-1 （PCU180） as a basal application. The acetylene inhibition technique was used to measure denitrification （N2 ＋ N2O） from intact soil cores and N2O emissions in the absence of acetylene. Results showed that compared to （3K total denitrification losses were significantly greater （P ≤ 0.05） in the PCU180, U300, and U600 treatments,while N2O emissions in the U300 and U600 treatments were significantly higher （P ≤ 0.05） than （3K. In the U300 and U600 treatments peaks of denitrification and N2O emission were usually observed after N application. In the polymer-coated urea treatment （PCU180） during the period 20 to 40 days after transplanting, higher denitrification rates and N2O fluxes occurred. Compared with urea, polymer-coated urea did not show any effect on reducing denitrification losses and N2O emissions in terms of percentage of applied N. As temperature gradually decreased from transplanting to harvest, denitrification rates and N2O emissions tended to decrease. A significant （P ≤0.01） positive correlation occurred between denitrification （r = 0.872） or N2O emission （r = 0.781） flux densities and soil temperature in the CK treatment with a stable nitrate content during the whole growing season.  相似文献   

7.
中国东北休闲期稻田温室气体排放   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
CH4, N2O and CO2 emissions from northeast Chinese rice fields were measured in the fallow season （November to March） to investigate the effects of freezing-thawing on the emissions. Both CH4 emission from and atmospheric CH4 oxidation by the soil occurred, but the flux was small. During the fallow season, rice fields acted as a minor source of atmospheric CH4, which accounted for about 1% of the CH4 emission during the rice growing period. The field was also a substantial source of atmospheric N20, which ranged between 40 to 77 mg m-2 and eu=counted for 40%-50% of the annual N20 emission. The largest N20 flux was observed in the thawing period during the fallow season. Laboratory incubation tests showed that the largest N20 flux came from the release of N20 trapped in frozen soil. Tillage and rice straw application （either mulched on the soil surface or incorporated in the soil） stimulated the CH4 and CO2 emissions during the fallow season, but only straw application stimulated N2O emission substantially.  相似文献   

8.
由电子废物处理和回收引起的土壤污染: 特别关注中国   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
This short review deals with soils as an important source of the greenhouse gas N2O. The production and consumption of N2O in soils mainly involve biotic processes: the anaerobic process of denitrification and the aerobic process of nitrification. The factors that significantly influence agricultural N2O emissions mainly concern the agricultural practices (N application rate, crop type, fertilizer type) and soil conditions (soil moisture, soil organic C content, soil pH and texture). Large variability of N2O fluxes is known to occur both at different spatial and temporal scales. Currently new techniques could help to improve the capture of the spatial variability. Continuous measurement systems with automatic chambers could also help to capture temporal variability and consequently to improve quantification of N2O emissions by soils. Some attempts for mitigating soil N2O emissions, either by modifying agricultural practices or by managing soil microbial functioning taking into account the origin of the soil N2O emission variability, are reviewed.  相似文献   

9.
Ammonia(NH3) volatilization is one of the important pathways of nitrogen loss in alkaline soil, and the NH3 concentration in soil headspace is directly linked with the NH3 volatilization. Ammonia was characterized by Fourier transform mid-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy(FTIR-PAS) and two typical absorption bands in the region of 850–1 200 cm-1were observed, which could be used for the prediction of NH3 concentration in the soil headspace. An alkaline soil from North China was involved in the soil incubation, pot and field experiments under three fertilization treatments(control without N input(CK), urea and coated urea). Ammonia concentrations in the soil headspace were determined in each experiment. In the soil incubation experiment, the NH3 emissions were initiated by the N input, reached the highest concentration on day 2, and decreased to the level as measured in CK after 8 d, with significantly higher NH3 emissions in the urea treatment compared to coated urea treatment, especially during the first 4 d. The NH3 concentration in soil headspace of the pot experiment showed the similar dynamics as that in the incubation experiment; however, the NH3 concentration in the soil headspace in the field experiment demonstrated a significantly different emission pattern with those of the incubation and pot experiments, and there was a 4-d delay for the NH3 concentration. Therefore, the NH3 concentration in the incubation and pot experiments could not be directly used to model the real NH3 emission in the field due to the differences in fertilization method and application rate as well as soil temperature and soil disturbance. It was recommended that light irrigation in the second week after fertilization and involvement of controlled release coated urea could be used to significantly decrease N loss from the perspective of NH3 volatilization.  相似文献   

10.
农业土壤中的氧化亚氮排放: 为减排综述时空变化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
This short review deals with soils as an important source of the greenhouse gas N2O. The production and consumption of N2O in soils mainly involve biotic processes: the anaerobic process of denitrification and the aerobic process of nitrification. The factors that significantly influence agricultural N2O emissions mainly concern the agricultural practices (N application rate, crop type, fertilizer type) and soil conditions (soil moisture, soil organic C content, soil pH and texture). Large variability of N2O fluxes is known to occur both at different spatial and temporal scales. Currently new techniques could help to improve the capture of the spatial variability. Continuous measurement systems with automatic chambers could also help to capture temporal variability and consequently to improve quantification of N2O emissions by soils. Some attempts for mitigating soil N2O emissions, either by modifying agricultural practices or by managing soil microbial functioning taking into account the origin of the soil N2O emission variability, are reviewed.  相似文献   

11.
张培栋  王刚 《农业工程学报》2005,21(12):147-151
农村户用沼气工程是中国可再生能源建设的重点项目，可为农村居民生活提供清洁的可再生能源，该工程的建设能减轻农村环境污染，有助于部分缓解全球气候变暖的趋势。该文根据国际通用的减排量计算方法，对中国农村户用沼气替代传统生物质能和煤炭所产生的CO2和SO2的减排量进行了计算分析，为制定农村能源发展战略和农村环境发展规划提供参考。研究结果表明，在1996～2003年间，每年可减少CO2排放39.76～419.39万t，减少SO2排放2.13～6.20万t。通过对2010、2020和2050年沼气替代农村传统能源减排CO2和SO2量的预测，证明农村户用沼气工程的建设可以有效减少CO2和SO2的排放。  相似文献   

12.
目前我国正处在全面建设小康社会的重要发展阶段。在人口总量增加、经济持续发展、居民生活能源消费不断提高的情况下,对能源供需状况进行科学、合理的预测对保障我国能源供给、促进经济可持续发展和CO2减排,实现社会可持续发展具有重要意义。本文在研究我国现阶段能源消费和人口、经济发展现状的基础上,运用系统动力学模型预测了我国能源需求和CO2排放量,提出能源发展和削减CO2排放量的设想和对策。  相似文献   

13.
K. MINAMI 《土壤圈》2005,15(2):156
To feed an increasing population, large amounts of chemical nitrogen fertilizer have been used to produce much of our food, feed and fiber thereby increasing nitrogen levels in soils, natural waters, crop residues, livestock wastes, and municipal and agricultural wastes, with national and international concern about its potential adverse effects on environmental quality and public health. To understand these phenomena and problems, first the nitrogen cycle and the environment are described. Then recent trends for nitrogen cycling through the food and feed system, N2O emissions from fertilized upland and paddy soils, and NO3- pollution in ground water in Japan are reported. Finally, mitigation strategies in Japan for reducing N2O emission and NO3- pollution are proposed, including nitrification inhibitors, controlled release fertilizers, utilization of plant species that could suppress nitrification, utilizing the toposequence, government policy, and appropriate agricultural practices. Of all the technologies presented, use of nitrification inhibitors and controlled release fertilizers are deemed the most important with further development of these aspects of technologies being expected. These practices, if employed worldwide, could help reduce the load, or environmental deterioration, on the Earth''s biosphere.  相似文献   

14.
Flooding an extremely alkaline（pH 10.6） saline soil of the former Lake Texcoco to reduce salinity will affect the soil carbon（C）and nitrogen（N） dynamics.A laboratory incubation experiment was done to investigate how decreasing soil salt content affected dynamics of C and N in an extremely alkaline saline soil.Sieved soil with electrical conductivity（EC） of 59.2 dS m-1 was packed in columns,and then flooded with tap water,drained freely and conditioned aerobically at 50%water holding capacity for a month.This process of flooding-drainage-conditioning was repeated eight times.The original soil and the soil that had undergone one,two,four and eight flooding-drainage-conditioning cycles were amended with 1000 mg glucose-14C kg-1 soil and 200 mg NH4+-N kg-1soil,and then incubated for 28 d.The CO2 emissions,soil microbial biomass,and soil ammonium（NE4+）,nitrite（NO2-） and nitrate（NO3-） were monitored in the aerobic incubation of 28 d.The soil EC decreased from 59.2 to 1.0 dS m1 after eight floodings,and soil pH decreased from 10.6 to 9.6.Of the added 14C-labelled glucose,only 8%was mineralized in the original soil,while 24%in the soil flooded eight times during the 28-d incubation.The priming effect was on average 278 mg C kg-1 soil after the 28-d incubation.Soil microbial biomass C(mean 66 mg C kg-1 soil) did not change with flooding times in the unamended soil,and increased 1.4 times in the glucose-NH4+-amended soil.Ammonium immobilization and NO2- concentration in the aerobically incubated soil decreased with increasing flooding times,while NO3- concentration increased.It was found that flooding the Texcoco soil decreased the EC sharply,increased mineralization of glucose,stimulated nitrification,and reduced immobilization of inorganic N,but did not affect soil microbial biomass C.  相似文献   

15.
农田改为农林(草)复合系统对红壤CO2和N2O排放的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
以鄂南玉米地、紫穗槐/玉米地、香根草/玉米地、紫穗槐林地、香根草草地与撂荒地6种土地利用类型为研究对象,利用静态箱法,对夏玉米生长期间土壤CO2和N2O通量及影响因子进行了测定,研究我国北亚热带丘陵红壤区农田改变为林(草)地和农林(草)复合系统后土壤CO2和N2O排放特征。研究结果表明:(1)土地利用方式改变后,撂荒地土壤CO2排放量明显低于其他5种土地利用类型,但紫穗槐/玉米地、单作玉米地、香根草/玉米地、紫穗槐林地、香根草草地5种土地利用类型之间土壤CO2排放量差异不显著。(2)玉米生长期间,6种不同土地利用方式下,土壤N2O排放总量从高到低依次为紫穗槐/玉米地(508 g·hm-2·a-1)、紫穗槐林地(470 g·hm-2·a-1)、撂荒地(390 g·hm-2·a-1)、香根草/玉米地(373 g·hm-2·a-1)、香根草草地(372 g·hm-2·a-1)、单作玉米地(285 g·hm-2·a-1)。(3)土壤CO2通量与土壤有机碳、土壤微生物生物量碳和土壤含水量无显著相关关系;土壤N2O通量与土壤氮素净矿化率呈显著线性相关,但与土壤无机氮和土壤含水量无显著相关关系。农田改变为农林(草)复合系统可能潜在地增加土壤CO2和N2O排放;农田改变为林(草)地可能潜在地减少土壤CO2排放,增加土壤N2O排放。  相似文献   

16.
为高效去除废水中过量的磷酸盐为目的，该研究将研究利用艾草生物质与镧溶液共生共热的方法制成具有大量纳米级碳酸氧镧突起的镧基复合生物炭材料，研究了材料投加量、初始磷酸盐浓度、吸附时间、初始溶液pH值和共存离子对其吸附磷酸盐性能的影响及饱和磷吸附镧基复合生物炭材料（La-CB2-P）对生菜种子发芽率的试验。试验结果表明：La-CB2最佳投加量为1 g/L，最佳吸附温度为25 ℃，对磷酸盐的吸附主要为多分子层吸附，Langmuir模型模拟最大吸附容量为126.82 mg/g，并在12h内达到吸附平衡，酸性至中性水环境中La-CB2吸附性能更优，并对碱性水环境的pH值具有缓冲作用，在pH值为3时La3+浸出率为7.66%，其他pH值条件下仅为0.029%左右，在磷吸附过程中La-CB2的DOC溶出量随着初始溶液pH值的升高呈先增后减的趋势，在多种共存阴离子中对磷酸盐具有很强的选择性吸附，水体中的腐殖酸会大幅度降低La-CB2对磷酸盐的吸附性能。饱和磷吸附镧基复合生物炭材料（La-CB2-P）能够作为磷缓释肥显著促进生菜发芽，对La-CB2在富营养水体的磷吸附及资源回收提供了大量的理论基础。  相似文献   

17.
Wheat straw management affects CH4 and N2O emissions from rice fields   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
A 3-year field experiment was conducted in Jiangsu Province, China from 2004 to 2006 to investigate CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy fields as affected by various wheat straw management practices prior to rice cultivation. Five methods of returning wheat straw, no straw, evenly incorporating, burying straw, ditch mulching and strip mulching, were adopted in the experiment. Evenly incorporating is the most common management practice in the region. Results showed that compared with no straw, evenly incorporating increased CH4 emission significantly by a factor of 3.9-10.5, while decreasing N2O emission by 1-78%. Methane emission from burying straw was comparable with that from evenly incorporating, while N2O emission from burying straw was 94-314% of that from evenly incorporating. Compared with evenly incorporating, CH4 emission was decreased by 23-32% in ditch mulching and by 32% in strip mulching, while N2O emission was increased by a factor of 1.4-3.7 in ditch mulching and by a factor of 5.1 in strip mulching. During the rice-growing season, the emitted N2O was negligible compared to that of emitted CH4. No significant difference in grain yield was observed between ditch mulching, burying straw, evenly incorporating and no straw. Compared with no straw, the grain yield was increased by 27% in strip mulching. Based on these results, the best management practice for returning wheat straw to the soil is strip mulching wheat straw partially or completely onto the field surface, as the method reduced CH4 emission from rice fields with no decrease in rice yield.  相似文献   

18.
浮萍对福州平原稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
浮萍是稻田中常见的漂浮在水面的水生植物,具有固氮作用,但是,浮萍对稻田温室气体排放的影响尚不明确.以位于湿润亚热带的福州平原稻田为研究对象,探讨浮萍对该区域稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响,为科学评价、准确编制我国水稻田温室气体排放清单提供基础数据.研究结果表明,观测期内,有萍小区和无萍小区CH4排放范围分别为0.19～26.50 mg·m-2·h-1和1.02～28.02 mg·m-2·h-1,平均值分别为9.28 mg·m-2·h-1和11.66 mg·m-2·h-1,有萍小区CH4排放低于无萍小区(P＜0.01),有萍小区CH4排放高峰比无萍小区约提前1周,高峰期后排放迅速降低;有萍小区和无萍小区N2O排放范围分别为-50.11～201.82 μg·m-2·h-1和-28.93～54.42μg·m-2·h-1,平均值分别为40.29 μg·m-2·h-1和11.93 μg·m-2·h-1,有萍小区N2O排放高于无萍小区(P＜0.05).稻田排干后,N2O排放迅速上升,2个小区N2O排放呈现出相似的规律.有萍小区和无萍小区的CH4与N2O排放的影响因子有所不同.综合考虑CH4和N2O两种温室气体,CH4仍是稻田温室效应产生的主要贡献者,浮萍可降低位于沿海区域的福州平原稻田综合温室效应的17.3％.  相似文献   

19.
The greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O emissions were quantified in a long-term experiment in northern France, in which no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) had been differentiated during 32 years in plots under a maize–wheat rotation. Continuous CO2 and periodical N2O soil emission measurements were performed during two periods: under maize cultivation (April 2003–July 2003) and during the fallow period after wheat harvest (August 2003–March 2004). In order to document the dynamics and importance of these emissions, soil organic C and mineral N, residue decomposition, soil potential for CO2 emission and climatic data were measured. CO2 emissions were significantly larger in NT on 53% and in CT on 6% of the days. From April to July 2003 and from November 2003 to March 2004, the cumulated CO2 emissions did not differ significantly between CT and NT. However, the cumulated CO2 emissions from August to November 2003 were considerably larger for NT than for CT. Over the entire 331 days of measurement, CT and NT emitted 3160 ± 269 and 4064 ± 138 kg CO2-C ha−1, respectively. The differences in CO2 emissions in the two tillage systems resulted from the soil climatic conditions and the amounts and location of crop residues and SOM. A large proportion of the CO2 emissions in NT over the entire measurement period was probably due to the decomposition of old weathered residues. NT tended to emit more N2O than CT over the entire measurement period. However differences were statistically significant in only half of the cases due to important variability. N2O emissions were generally less than 5 g N ha−1 day−1, except for a few dates where emission increased up to 21 g N ha−1 day−1. These N2O fluxes represented 0.80 ± 0.15 and 1.32 ± 0.52 kg N2O-N ha−1 year−1 for CT and NT, respectively. Depending on the periods, a large part of the N2O emissions occurred was probably induced by nitrification, since soil conditions were not favorable for denitrification. Finally, for the period of measurement after 32 years of tillage treatments, the NT system emitted more greenhouses gases (CO2 and N2O) to the atmosphere on an annual basis than the CT system.  相似文献   

20.
毛竹是我国南方广泛分布的一种典型的森林资源,其扩张已引发了多方面的生态问题,但是目前关于氮沉降背景下毛竹扩张引起的土壤N_2O和CO_2气体排放变化的研究甚少,且无原位观测数据。采用静态箱-气相色谱法,分析江西庐山毛竹纯林、毛竹扩张形成的毛竹-日本柳杉混交林及日本柳杉纯林3种林分土壤的N_2O和CO_2排放速率和累积排放量及其对模拟氮沉降的响应。结果表明:(1)混交林土壤的NH_4~+-N含量、NO_3~--N含量及pH分别为14.39mg·kg~(-1)、8.65mg·kg~(-1)、4.88,显著高于日本柳杉纯林的9.75 mg·kg~(-1)、5.58 mg·kg~(-1)、4.05,但是混交林土壤DOC含量(236.5 mg·kg~(-1))却显著低于日本柳杉纯林(382.0mg·kg~(-1))。(2)混交林土壤N_2O累积排放量(393.6mg·m~(-2))显著高于毛竹纯林(202.5mg·m~(-2))和日本柳杉纯林(192.8mg·m~(-2)),混交林土壤CO_2累积排放量(4 655 g·m~(-2))显著高于日本柳杉纯林(2 815 g·m~(-2))。(3)模拟氮沉降未对3种林分类型土壤的CO_2排放速率和累积排放量产生显著影响,但明显增加了混交林和日本柳杉纯林的N_2O累积排放量。本研究表明:毛竹扩张不同阶段土壤的理化性质、N_2O及CO_2排放表现出不同特征。毛竹扩张过程中一定程度上增大了土壤N_2O和CO_2的排放量,但是完全扩张后N_2O排放出现明显下降趋势,而CO_2的排放未发生显著变化。同时,氮沉降促进了毛竹未扩张和扩张初期土壤的N_2O排放,而对CO_2排放未产生显著影响。表明在未来气候变化条件下管理亚热带毛竹扩张时,必须明确考虑这些生态系统组成、结构和影响因子之间的影响。  相似文献   

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