共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
利用人工智能模拟霜箱,设8 个温度（18、–1、–2、–3、–4、–5、–6、–7 ℃）,对
抗寒性不同的两个仁用杏（Prunus armeniaca Linn.）品种雌蕊的过氧化氢（H2O2）含量和抗坏血酸-谷胱
甘肽（AsA-GSH）循环进行了研究。结果表明,低温胁迫增加了仁用杏雌蕊H2O2 含量,–7 ℃时抗晚霜
品种‘围选1 号’和晚霜敏感品种‘龙王帽’分别为对照（18 ℃）的 5.49 倍和7.22 倍。低温期间,‘围
选1 号’雌蕊AsA 等酶含量及APX 等酶活性均高于‘龙王帽’,–7 ℃时,‘围选1 号’雌蕊AsA、MDHA、
DHA、GSH 和GSSG 含量比对照分别下降了66%、69%、48%、52%、53%,‘龙王帽’下降了78%、79%、
59%、66%、65%,–7 ℃时,‘围选1 号’雌蕊APX、MDHAR、DHAR、GPX、GR 活性、AsA/DHA、
GSH/GSSG 分别是对照的2.87 倍、1.07 倍、1.42 倍、1.60 倍、1.20 倍、65%和1.03 倍,‘龙王帽’是对照
2.41 倍、96%、1.13 倍、1.08 倍、98%、54%、97%。结果表明‘围选1 号’雌蕊在低温期间有较高的AsA-GSH
循环效率,可有效抑制H2O2 的积累,这可能是其抗晚霜能力较强的重要原因之一。 相似文献
2.
《中国南方果树》2020,(4)
我国杧果产区因缺乏采后处理条件,致使杧果在贮藏期品质劣变严重,为此,研究了果实生长期喷施茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)对"红贵妃"杧果采后品质的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,果实生长期MeJA 5 mg/L处理显著降低了杧果贮藏期的炭疽病病情指数和发病率,延缓了果皮转黄,提高了果肉可溶性固形物和维生素C含量、降低了可滴定酸含量,使杧果保持较好的外观品质和营养品质。同时,MeJA处理抑制了采后炭疽病的发生,在货架前期降低了CAT和POD活性,提高了总酚、总黄酮、H_2O_2含量,在货架后期提高了CAT和POD活性,降低了H_2O_2含量。说明MeJA处理使杧果保持较好贮藏品质可能与其增强果实抗病性有关。 相似文献
3.
以10 μmol · L-1 茉莉酸甲酯（Methyl jasmonate,MeJA）熏蒸处理‘巨峰’葡萄果实6 h,随后转入1 ℃下贮藏28 d。结果表明,MeJA 处理显著抑制了葡萄果实在贮藏期间腐烂率和失重率的上升,促进内源NO 释放量和H2O2 含量在贮藏前期的上升,同时诱导植保素合成相关酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、肉桂酸–4–羟化酶（C4H）、对香豆酰–CoA 连接酶（4-CL）和白藜芦醇合成酶（RS）活性以及植保素白藜芦醇和白藜芦醇脱氢二聚体含量的上升。由此推测,MeJA 在葡萄果实细胞内发挥了信号传导作用,通过调控下游信号分子H2O2 和NO 的水平来提高植保素合成相关酶活性,从而促进了植保素的积累,提高果实的抗病性,降低了其腐烂率。 相似文献
4.
MeJA与低温预贮对枇杷冷害和活性氧代谢的影响 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
研究了低温预贮（10 ℃ 6 d）结合茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA 10 µmol · L-1）处理对‘解放钟’枇杷果实冷害和活性氧代谢的影响。发现低温预贮与MeJA结合处理,能够有效降低冷藏枇杷的冷害指数,抑制果实硬度的上升和出汁率的下降;此外,显著减少枇杷果实中丙二醛（MDA）的积累并抑制细胞膜透性的升高,维持超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（AsA-POD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-POD）较高的活性,并降低超氧阴离子（）生成速率和过氧化氢（H2O2）含量。结果表明,低温预贮与MeJA结合处理可以维持枇杷果实活性氧代谢平衡,延缓膜脂过氧化进程,从而减轻枇杷在冷藏过程中的冷害症状,延长果实贮藏寿命。 相似文献
5.
杧果种质资源果实香气多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探明杧果种质资源的香气特点,以28份杧果品种资源成熟果实为试材,采用顶空固相微萃取技术和气相色谱质谱联用仪测定了果实香气的组成和相对含量。结果表明,不同杧果品种果实香气组成和含量均存在很大差异,从28个品种中分离出63种香气成分;根据不同类别香气成分的积累量,杧果品种资源可以分为萜烯类、酯类和醛类;24个品种香气成分以单萜烯类和倍半萜烯类为主,3–蒈烯、萜品油烯和α–荜澄茄油烯是含量最高的萜烯类成分;‘Lippens’、‘桂香杧’和‘鹦鹉杧’果肉中积累量最高的香气物质均为酯类,丁酸丁酯、丁酸异戊酯和异戊酸乙酯分别是这3个品种主要的香气成分;‘丰顺无核’果肉中香气成分含量最高的是6–溴吲哚–3–甲醛,相对含量为33.64%。 相似文献
6.
草酸处理减轻杧果采后果实冷害的机理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
杧果（Mangifera indica L.）‘Zill’果实采后经5 mmol · L-1草酸溶液浸泡10 min后,在低温（10± 0.5）℃下贮藏27 d,再移至常温25℃贮藏4 d,冷害系数和质膜相对透性显著低于对照;草酸处理降低了果实在贮藏后期的呼吸速率和乙烯释放速率,抑制了多酚氧化酶（PPO）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性,维持了较高果肉亮度值（L*）,可溶性固形物（SSC）、游离脯氨酸和柠檬酸含量。说明草酸处理可提高质膜稳定性,抑制褐变相关酶活性以及维持一些渗透调节物质含量来增加采后果实的抗冷性,缓解果实冷害症状。 相似文献
7.
《果树学报》2010,(4)
探讨了BTH(苯并噻重氮)对采后杧果(Mangifera indica Linn.cv.Hongmang No.6)果实抗病性诱导的效果及其对几种抗病相关酶活性的影响。用质量浓度为50mg·L-1的BTH水溶液对杧果果实作喷雾处理后,将杧果贮藏于(20±1)℃,相对湿度为80%的恒温箱内,观察贮藏过程中杧果发病情况和防御酶活性的变化。结果表明,BTH处理不仅能显著降低杧果果实自然发病的病情指数,而且明显提高了过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(GUN)等抗病相关酶的活性。此外,BTH处理也提高了过氧化氢(H2O2)和总酚的含量,降低了丙二醛(MDA)的含量。因此,BTH处理提高采后杧果果实的抗病性可能是通过激活杧果的防御系统而发挥作用。 相似文献
8.
毛花猕猴桃‘华特’（Actinidia eriantha Benth‘Walter’）果实采后经50和75 mmol · L-1草酸钾处理后在常温下贮藏,果实腐烂率显著低于对照,贮藏15 d比对照分别降低6.7%和10%,贮藏中后期果实硬度和维生素C含量显著高于对照;草酸钾处理降低了果实在贮藏前期的呼吸速率和乙烯释放速率,推迟了呼吸跃变,抑制了多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）、木聚糖酶（Xyl）和β–半乳糖苷酶（β-Gal）的活性,这些生理效应与草酸钾处理有效延缓果实后熟软化进程密切相关。 相似文献
9.
10.
‘黄冠’梨采后热处理和钙处理对其钙形态及细胞壁物质代谢的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以‘黄冠’梨为材料,研究了采后热处理（38 ℃热空气24 h）,钙处理（6% CaCl2浸果15 min）及热加钙处理（6% CaCl2 + 38 ℃）对果实低温贮藏过程中钙形态及细胞壁物质代谢的影响,以清水浸果为对照。结果表明：果胶钙为果实中主要的钙形态,其含量占全钙的49.7% ~ 55.8%,钙处理、热加钙处理果实的总钙含量与对照相比分别增加了22.95和31.58 µg · g-1;钙处理、热加钙处理显著抑制了果实纤维素、原果胶、水溶性钙及果胶钙含量的下降,促进了草酸钙含量的增加,延缓了果实硬度的下降;热处理、热加钙处理显著降低了多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）、果胶甲酯酶（PME）和纤维素酶活性。相关分析表明,果实硬度与纤维素、原果胶、水溶性钙和果胶钙含量呈极显著正相关,与可溶性果胶含量呈极显著负相关;PG和纤维素酶与果实硬度均呈极显著负相关,PME与果实硬度的相关性不显著。钙处理、热加钙处理通过抑制可溶性钙向难溶性钙转化、细胞壁组成成分降解以及降低细胞壁降解酶活性,延缓果实软化,其中以6% CaCl2 + 38 ℃的处理效果最好。 相似文献
11.
草酸处理对杧果采后果实AsA-GSH循环系统的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
杧果（Mangifera indica L.）栽培品种‘圣心’采前套袋果实采后经5 mmol · L-1草酸溶液浸泡10 min后常温（25 ℃）下贮藏,期间果实硬度系数、病情指数、腐烂率、黄化都显著低于对照;其中,处理果实果皮的还原型抗坏血酸（AsA）和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量保持较高,抗坏血酸氧化酶（APX）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性在贮藏9 d后提高,同时,超氧阴离子（）生成速率、过氧化氢（H2O2）含量和丙二醛（MDA）含量降低,说明草酸处理可通过提高果皮AsA-GSH循环系统中抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化剂水平来增强清除活性氧自由基（ROS）能力,减轻膜脂过氧化伤害,进而有利于延缓套袋杧果采后成熟衰老进程,提高果实的商品率。 相似文献
12.
Asghar Ramezanian Rahil Dadgar Fariborz Habibi 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2018,18(1):68-84
ABSTRACTTo evaluate the effects of preharvest foliar application of calcium chloride (CaCl2), potassium chloride (KCl), and salicylic acid (SA) on postharvest quantitative and qualitative attributes and storage life of “Washington navel” orange, an experiment was conducted during two consecutive years. Solutions including CaCl2 (1.5% and 3%), KCl (1.5% and 3%), SA (0.015%, 0.03% and 0.045%), and the combination of CaCl2, KCl, and SA were sprayed on the canopy at the end of the first stage of fruit growth one month after full bloom (fruit diameter was 20 mm) and repeated in late September. The fruits were harvested at commercial maturity stage and were stored at 5°C with 85 ± 5% relative humidity (RH) for 90 days. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics were assessed every month. Preharvest KCl treatment had no significant effect on measured parameters. However, CaCl2 and SA treatments had the most impact on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics, such as firmness and phenolic content of fruit during storage. The SA treatment enhanced fruit appearance and nutritional value compared to the control but could not prevent the weight loss during storage. The results showed that preharvest spray of CaCl2, KCl, SA, and their combination had positive effects on storability of “Washington navel” orange fruit during storage. However, the effect of Ca and SA was more. Application of Ca, K, and SA could be beneficial for orange postharvest instead of mixed elements fertilizers. 相似文献
13.
Mango is susceptible to decay caused by pathogen infection during storage and transport. Chemical fungicides have been the major weapons against postharvest fungal diseases, but they have caused increasing public resistance. BTH does not have anti-microbial properties, but it induces systemic acquired resistance in plants. Here the relationship between BTH-induced disease resistance in harvested mango fruits and expression of PPO and POD genes, together with contents of total phenolic compounds (TPC), were investigated. BTH treatment reduced disease indices and lesion diameter. Compared with the control, BTH increased TPC, up-regulated gene expression and enhanced enzymes activities of PPO and POD during the latter period of storage life, suggesting that enhanced gene expression of PPO and POD played an important role in BTH-activated defense response of mango fruits and that the up-regulation of the two genes were related to the accumulation of TPC. This study also showed that BTH-induced resistance in harvested mango fruits could differ with varieties. 相似文献
14.
以‘台农1号’杧果为试材,用1–甲基环丙烯（1-MCP,1 μL · L-1）常温下处理12 h和未处理的果实为对照,通过数字基因表达谱（DGE）技术,寻找1-MCP处理对杧果贮藏影响的潜在关键基因。DGE数据分析结果表明,1-MCP处理与对照样品文库相比,共检测到7 350个差异表达基因。其功能主要涉及细胞壁代谢,激素调节,逆境胁迫应答,氧化损伤保护,能量代谢,蛋白质折叠,泛素化和蛋白酶体途径介导的细胞程序性死亡,成熟与衰老调控等。利用实时定量PCR（qRT-PCR）技术对DGE部分数据进行验证,检测了其中6个较有代表性的应答基因的差异表达。通过基因本体（Gene Ontology,GO）通路功能富集分析表明,1-MCP处理增加果实对逆境胁迫的抵抗能力,抑制物质和能量代谢,减少细胞内钙的流失并保护果实细胞。qRT-PCR技术数据支持RNA-Seq的检测结果。 相似文献
15.
SummaryThe ability of benzothiadiazole (BTH) or methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to induce disease resistance in harvested banana fruits was investigated in relation to the activities of several defense-related enzymes. Harvested banana fruit were sprayed with BTH or MeJA solution before being stored at 22°C. Disease development and the activities of six defense-related enzymes were monitored during storage. Compared with untreated fruits, BTH or MeJA treatment significantly reduced the severity of disease in non-inoculated bananas, and lesion diameters and the incidence of disease in bananas inoculated with Colletotrichum musae. The activities of the defense-related enzymes peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), β1,3-glucanase, and chitinase were all enhanced in BTH- and in MeJA-treated banana fruit whether inoculated with the pathogen or not. The results suggest that post-harvest decay in bananas can be controlled by BTH or MeJA, and involves activation of the disease defense system. In non-inoculated bananas, MeJA and BTH had similar effects on the three defense enzymes (CAT, PPO and PAL), but different effects on the three PR proteins (POD, β1,3-glucanase and chitinase). In inoculated bananas, MeJA and BTH had similar effects on all six enzymes. 相似文献
16.
研究了外源甜菜碱（GB）处理对‘雨花2 号’水蜜桃冷害和品质的影响。结果表明,不同
浓度（5、10、20 mmol · L-1）外源GB 处理可有效抑制桃果肉褐变,减轻冷害症状,其中10 mmol · L-1 GB
处理效果最明显。外源GB 处理可减少桃果实冷藏期间细胞膜渗透性增加和丙二醛的积累,抑制多酚氧化
酶（PPO）、过氧化物酶（POD）活性。10 mmol · L-1 GB 处理还能够保持桃果实较高的果肉出汁率、可溶
性固形物、总酚和维生素C 含量,并且提高DPPH 自由基清除率和总还原力。这说明外源GB 处理能减
轻桃果实冷藏期间冷害发生,保持果实营养品质,具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
17.
The effects of hot water treatment on antioxidants and fruit quality were investigated in banana fruit of cv. Gros Michel (Musa acuminata, AAA Group, locally called cv. Hom Thong) by immersing fruits in hot water (50 °C) for 10 min, before storage at 25 °C for 10 days or 14 °C for the first 8 days followed by storage at 25 °C for the second 8 days until ripening. Quality parameters including peel color and pulp firmness indicated that hot water treatment helped to delay banana fruit ripening at both storage conditions. Hot water treatment decreased the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malonydialdehyde (MDA) during storage at 25 °C. Glutathione (GSH and GSSG) contents and the ratio of GSH/GSSG during fruit approaching ripening were significantly induced in hot water-treated fruits while ascorbic acid (AA) contents were slightly increased. In addition, the combined treatment increased free phenolics and flavonoids during storage. Results suggest that hot water treatment has led to an induction of antioxidants in banana fruits as indicated by an increase of antioxidants and a decrease of H2O2 during ripening, and all of which result in a delayed ripening of banana fruit. 相似文献
18.
Y. Imahori I. Kishioka K. Uemura H. Yoshioka Y. Ueda M. Ishimaru 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):677-682
SummaryJapanese pear ‘Kosui’ fruits were stored under a continuous flow of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5% and 10% O2 (balance N2) or air for 7 d at 20°C to study the effects of low O2 on their physiological responses and quality attributes. Low O2 treatments did not significantly influence changes in skin colour and soluble solids content. However, weak off-flavours were detected in the fruits stored at 0% O2 on day 3, and the intensity of these off-flavours increased as storage progressed. The concentrations of acetaldehyde in fruit increased throughout the storage period. The ethanol concentration was greatly increased in fruits stored at 0% O2. Moreover, ethanol concentrations were much higher than those of acetaldehyde and remained very low during storage in air, but their concentration were just slightly increased in fruits exposed to 1%, 3%, 5% and 10% O2. Pyruvate decarboxylase activity was greatly increased in fruits exposed to 1% and 3% O2, while its activity in fruits exposed to 5% and 10% O2 were only slightly higher than that of the control and at 0% O2 at the same level as the control. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity greatly increased in fruit exposed to 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% O2, while at 10% O2, ADH was only slightly higher than the control. Changes in ADH isozymes correlated well with changes in ADH activity. The homogenate pH of fruits exposed to 1%, 3%, 5% and 10% O2 and air remained constant, while in fruit stored at 0% O2 their pH increased. The potential for using low O2 atmospheres to help in maintaining the quality of Japanese pear ‘Kosui’ is discussed. 相似文献