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1.
陕西延安蒙古牛群体的染色体研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
分析了１５头（１０♂５♀）蒙古牛的核型，Ｃ带、Ｇ带和Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ．结果发现，蒙古牛的核型，Ｃ带和Ｇ带与普通牛（Ｂｏｓｔａｕｒｕｓ）相同，其公平核型为６０，ｘｙ母牛为６０，ｘｘ．ｙ染色体为一小的中着丝粒染色体，认为蒙古牛为普通牛型黄牛．观察统计了５９６个细胞的Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ数目，每细胞平均Ａｇ—ＮＯＲｓ数为５．８１８±０．５１３，变化范围为３～１０个． 相似文献
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对已封闭饲养４０多年的ＡＭＳ封闭群大鼠的正常核型，Ｇ带核型和生化金矿民性进行了研究。结果表明：该群大鼠染色体数目为４２条，其中第２和第４－１０条常染色体，Ｙ染色体为末端着丝粒，第１４条常染色体为中着丝粒，第１，３，１１－１３，１５－２０条染色体为亚中着丝粒，Ｘ染色体缺乏多形性，为单一的Ｘｔ型；染色体Ｇ带带型基本上与标准模式图相符。 相似文献
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西藏黄牛染色体的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
研究了西藏黄牛的普通核型和Ｃ带核型，着重分析了Ｙ染色体的形态。结果表明，西藏黄牛核型为２Ｎ＝６０，公牛为ＸＹ，母牛为ＸＸ，常染色体为近端着丝粒染色体。Ｘ染色体为亚中着丝粒染色体，Ｙ染色体中中部着丝粒杂色体。根据Ｙ染色体的形态讨论了西藏黄牛的起源。 相似文献
4.
云南绵羊染色体比较研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文研究了云南昭通、德钦、腾冲绵羊染色体的核型，Ｇ带Ｃ带、Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ，结果表明：云南绵羊染色体众数２ｎ＝５４；染色体Ｇ带基本相似；Ｃ带显示三个绵羊品种染色体亚中着丝粒区均为淡染，近端着丝粒区均为深染，Ｘ和Ｙ性染色体整个都为淡染，产在三个地区的棉羊其染色体异染色质的大小，强弱个地区的绵羊其染色体异染色质的大小、强弱存在差异；Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ的数目分布在２￣１０之间，众数为７，腾冲绵羊Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ较 相似文献
5.
寄生环形泰勒虫裂殖体的淋巴样细胞遗传稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对寄生有环形泰勒虫开明殖体的黑白花牛８３０１淋巴经１４、３４和９０代细胞用乳叶培养液培养后制备标本，，观察细胞染色体核型的变化情况。各代细胞染色体数目均为２ｎ－６０，常染色体２９对，均蛘 丝粒洒色体性染色体１对，为亚中着丝粒染色体；各代次细胞染色体均未见嵌合、裂隙及断裂现象，表明该细胞株有稳定的遗传特性 相似文献
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ＡＭＭＳ／１３近交系小鼠由本中心用ＡＭＭＳ／１与Ｃ３Ｈ／ＨｅＭｓ２种近交系小鼠杂交育成，现已繁殖至Ｆ４０多代。毛色为桂皮色，毛色基因为ＡＡｂｂＣＣＤＤ；经组织相容性基因、生化基因及染色体组型分析等遗传检测，符全中近交系标准，其初孕期产仔数为６．５２±１．４３，离乳率为８８．８１％（１～６胎），成年雌鼠体重为（２２．８０±１．４７）ｇ，雄鼠为（２４．７７±１．６５）ｇ，经产母鼠乳腺癌发病率为５６．７ 相似文献
9.
家牦牛与不同野血牦牛染色体组型的比较分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
张周平 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1998,28(6):15-17
本文用外周血淋巴细胞培养法制备染色体标本,比较分析了家牦牛、１／２野血牦牛及３／４野血牦牛的染色体组型。结果表明：家牦牛、１／２野血牦牛和３／４野血牦牛的二倍体细胞染色体数目均为２ｎ＝６０,常染色体为近端着丝粒,性染色体为亚中着丝粒;家牦牛和野牦牛的染色体组型无明显差异。 相似文献
10.
商品肉鸡在西宁地区生理常值的测定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对明星、ＡＡ肉仔鸡在海拔２２００ｍ处的西宁地区进行生理常值的测定，结果为：１．呼吸频率高于文献记录（Ｐ＜０．０５），体温、心率与之相似；２．明星和ＡＡ鸡红细胞数、血红蛋白及ＰＣＶ分别为２．７３±０．３７和２．９３±０．４４百万／ｍｍ３，１１．３±１．３和１２．６±３．４ｇ／Ｌ，４３．６±３．９和４１．７±４．３ｍｌ％，与文献记载均有差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）；３．两品种的ＭＣＨ、ＭＣＶ分别为３８．８±１４．５和４６．１±８．１ｐｇ，１５９．２±２３．０和１７．１±１３．６Ｕ３，显著高于卢宗藩资料（Ｐ＜０．０５）。明星鸡ＭＣＨＣ低于王文三资料，ＡＡ鸡的高于其数据（Ｐ＜０．０５）；４．白细胞分类计数表明，两品利的嗜酸、嗜碱、异嗜、淋巴和单核细胞均与资料有一定变化。 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
13.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone. 相似文献
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Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyme renale) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Elizabeth M. S. Schmidt Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen Funmilola Thomas Asta Tvarijonaviciute José J. Cerón P. David Eckersall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):657-664