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1.
The features of naturally occurring Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype III infections in 16 sheep, one goat and 3 pigs, and Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype I infections in 3 goats, are described. Affected animals usually had diarrhoea and were in poor condition or emaciated. A number were moribund or dead when submitted for necropsy. Thickening of the caecal and colonic mucosa was the only gross lesion attributable to Y. pseudotuberculosis infection, with liver or other visceral abscesses not being seen. Characteristic microabscesses were demonstrated in the intestinal mucosa of 10 sheep, one goat and one pig infected with Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III and one goat infected with Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype I. Sheep, goats and pigs dosed orally with Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III, the serotype isolated most commonly from these species, developed intestinal infection. In sheep and pigs, infection was accompanied by diarrhoea. Haematological changes and specific antibodies were elicited in all 3 species in response to infection. Microabscesses were seen in the intestinal mucosa of all experimentally exposed animals. The occurrence of field cases and the results of experimental exposure confirm that Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III is an enteropathogen of sheep, goats and pigs. The association of Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype I with lesions in a goat, indicates that this bacterium may also be a pathogen of this species. It is concluded that Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III is an enteric pathogen of a wide range of ungulate species including cattle, buffalo, deer, antelopes, sheep, goats and pigs. Serotypes I and II, while having a more restricted host range, are probably also pathogens of ungulates and, in particular, deer, antelopes and goats.  相似文献   

2.
Pathogenic Yersinia strains were isolated between December 1998 and April 1999 from 37 wild animals: rabbit (Lepus europeus), boar (Sus scrofa scrofa), asiatic jackal (Canis aureus), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), mouflon (Ovis musimon), european river otter (Lutra lutra), beech marten (Martes foina), polecat (Musleta putorius) and wild cat (Felis silvestris). It was established that among the wild animals Y. enterocolitica strains of serotype 0:3 predominated, accompanied by Y. pseudotuberculosis strains of serotype 0:3. In one sample from asiatic jackal and one sample from rabbit, Y. enterocolitica serotype 0:8 was isolated. Yersinia enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis strains were isolated from tonsils and tongues as well as from the viscera--lung, liver, heart, spleen, kidney and lymph nodes, mainly in young animals (1-2 years of age). The results showed that wild animals are a possible natural reservoir for pathogenic Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis and are included in the epidemiological chain of yersinioses.  相似文献   

3.
A syndrome in cattle of diarrhoea and death associated with enteric Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection is described. Outbreaks occurred during winter and early spring in adult cattle grazing pastures waterlogged by recent flooding or persistent heavy rain. Antibiotic therapy was effective early in the course of the syndrome. At necropsy there was severe acute enterocolitis, and bacteria consistent with Y. pseudotuberculosis were observed in the lesions. This organism could usually be isolated from the intestines of affected animals but was recovered less often from other organs. Representative isolates were identified as Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III. The association of this syndrome with waterlogged pastures and low temperatures suggests that these conditions favour transmission of Y. pseudotuberculosis infection in cattle. The role of Y. pseudotuberculosis as primary pathogen requires confirmation.  相似文献   

4.
Sudden death of 9 deer occurred in a large enclosed deer farm with approximately 400 heads of cervids. Fatal yersiniosis was diagnosed in 2 deer that were submitted for laboratory diagnosis. Histopathologically, the disease was characterized by multifocal pulmonary hemorrhage and mild interstitial pneumonia, marked diffuse cholangiohepatitis, minimal myocarditis with mild myocardial degeneration, and mild multifocal suppurative cystic colitis. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was isolated from the lungs and colon of the affected animals. The isolates were PCR-positive for genes virF, inv, yopB, and yopH, which are essential for invasion and colonization of host intestine and lung. The isolates reacted with polyclonal antibodies against serotype O:3 antigen. The O-genotyping patterns of the isolates were identical with each other, but different from those of the 21 O-genotypes (or serotypes) reported previously. In addition to the O-antigen genes possessed by classical serotype O:3, a gene (wbyK) encoding a mannosyltransferase-like protein was detected in these isolates. The wbyK gene of the isolates showed 94% of DNA sequence homology with the wbyK gene harbored by Y. pseudotuberculosis O:1b. On the basis of pathology, bacteriology, and serology, the authors concluded that the acute deaths of these deer were caused by Y. pseudotuberculosis infection. Molecular characterization of the isolate revealed a genetic heterogeneity in the O-antigen gene cluster of Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype O:3.  相似文献   

5.
Enteritis in cattle due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
A selective medium was used to isolate Yersinia sp from the intestinal tract of 222 scouring cattle in Gippsland during 1985 and 1986. Intestinal infection with Y. pseudotuberculosis, particularly of serotype III, was found to be especially prevalent in weaned calves, yearlings and young adult cattle. Clinically affected cattle had a profuse liquid diarrhoea and many were systemically ill. Haematological changes suggestive of infection were present in 38 of 49 of these cattle. At least 35 cattle died and characteristic microabscesses were demonstrated in the intestinal mucosa of 20 of 26 examined histologically. Y. pseudotuberculosis was sensitive to tetracyclines in vitro and this drug produced a rapid bacteriological cure. Yersiniosis occurred during the winter, spring and early summer. Challenge of adult cattle with Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III did not result in intestinal colonisation or clinical disease. Intestinal infection was, however, established in 4 weaned calves and haematological changes and antibody production were demonstrated in them. Intestinal microabscesses were seen in three calves killed on days 8, 14 and 18 after challenge. The fourth calf eliminated infection by day 18 and no lesions were demonstrated when it was killed on day 72. There is a very high prevalence of antibodies reacting with Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III in adult cattle. It is concluded that cattle are a common host for this bacterium, infection being frequent, with clinical and fatal disease occurring occasionally. The factors leading to clinical disease are unknown.  相似文献   

6.
55 strains of Salmonella abortus ovis and 3 strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (two serotypes I, one serotype II), isolated out of aborted ovine fetuses from northern Bavaria, were investigated and compared culturally, biochemically and serologically. The identification of S. abortus ovis (group B) could not be achieved by use of Api 20 E. The code-number 4004500/47 identified S. typhi (group D) only. Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype II but not serotype I agglutinated with the polyvalent and the specific anti-0: 4-Salmonella serum. No agglutination was observed with the flagella anti-H-sera.  相似文献   

7.
In 40 submissions to the Regional Veterinary Laboratory (RVL) Wagga Wagga from sheep in southern New South Wales from 1981 to 1989, 53 isolates of Yersinia sp were recovered from 45 sheep in 37 flocks. Of 53 isolates, 26 were identified as Y. pseudotuberculosis, 20 as Y. enterocolitica, 5 as Y. intermedia and 2 as Y. frederiksenii. Twelve isolates of Y. pseudotuberculosis tested in the slide agglutination test all belonged to serotype III. The 20 Y. enterocolitica isolates were categorised biochemically as biotype 5 strains and, of 6 isolates serotyped, all belonged to serogroup 2,3. Outbreaks of yersiniosis were most common in late winter and early spring and affected flocks often had experienced a change in husbandry. Infection with Yersinia sp was associated with diarrhoea, illthrift and mortality. At necropsy, congestion and occasionally thickening of the intestinal mucosa were observed in affected sheep. Gastrointestinal nematodiasis and coccidiosis often were concurrent findings. The characteristic histological lesion in sheep infected with Y. pseudotuberculosis was acute segmental suppurative erosive enterocolitis. There were no lesions consistently associated with Y. enterocolitica, Y. intermedia or Y. frederiksenii.  相似文献   

8.
During 1982 and 1983 15 serotype I, 6 serotype II, 1 serotype III and 3 untyped strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis were isolated from 675 apparently normal small mammals and birds from the Invermay farm and nearby rubbish tip with the following prevalence rates: feral cats 27.8%, Norway rats 8.6%, mice 5.5%, hares 3.8% rabbits 1.9% ducks 5.3%, sparrows 2.3%, seagulls 2.3% and starlings 1.7%. For rabbits a significantly higher prevalence of infection was found in the autumn/winter period (4.8%) than the spring/summer period (0%). Insufficient numbers of other mammals were obtained to demonstrate any seasonal difference in prevalence. All bird isolations were obtained between March and July (8/158) compared with none from August to October (0/144). It appears that a number of free-living species of small mammal and birds may be reservoir hosts for Y. pseudotuberculosis and potential sources of infection for red deer on the Invermay farm.  相似文献   

9.
The rectal contents of 330 cull cows and 66 lambs were sampled over the 1984-1985 killing season at a New Zealand freezing works for the presence of Yersinia species. Samples from the cows revealed one isolation of Y. pseudotuberculosis and one isolation of Y. intermedia. Samples from the lambs gave thirteen isolates of Y. enterocolitica, three of Y. inter-media, two of Y. pseudotuberculosis and one of Y. frederiksenii. Two of the isolates of Y. enterocolitica were shown to be serotype 0:3. Although no parallel studies were carried out on young cattle or adult sheep, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that Yersinia infection primarily involves young animals. Thus there exists the potential for transmission of the above species of Yersinia from young animals to man which needs further detailed study.  相似文献   

10.
Attempts were made to recover and serologically identify Yersinia pseudotuberculosis from the faeces of groups of nine to twenty clinically healthy cattle eight to thirteen months old on each of 50 farms in the northern part of New Zealand. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was recovered from 134 (26.3%) of 509 faeces samples from cattle on 42 (84%) farms and from nine of ten samples on two of these farms. Serotypes I, II, and III were identified, of which serotype III was by far the most common and accounted for 125 (93.2%) of the 134 isolates. Because of the common occurrence and widespread distribution of Y. pseudotuberculosis it is suggested that the clinical significance of isolation of this micro-organism from faeces samples or intestinal contents should be treated with caution.  相似文献   

11.
The distribution and persistence of pathogenic, virF/lcrF-positive Yersinia pseudotuberculosis were investigated in pigs and in the pig house environment during rearing to determine possible contamination routes of early infections. Based on Y. pseudotuberculosis-positive tonsils of slaughter pigs in our previous study, Y. pseudotuberculosis-positive animals were traced back to the farms. Eight farms were visited from 6-10 months later, and a total of 155 pooled and six individual faecal samples from pigs and 116 pooled environmental samples were collected for analysis by different culture methods. Four of the eight farms were found to be Y. pseudotuberculosis-positive. All positive faecal samples were obtained from fattening pigs, with prevalence varying from 5% to 71% on positive farms. Sows, boars and suckling piglets were Y. pseudotuberculosis-negative on all farms. Most Y. pseudotuberculosis-positive farms (three of four) were on a one-site production system, which had a higher prevalence of Y. pseudotuberculosis (5-26%) among fattening pigs than the all-in, all-out system (1-5%). All Y. pseudotuberculosis isolates belonged to serotype O:3 and carried the virF/lcrF gene on the virulence plasmid. Biotypes 2 and 3 were involved, the latter in one isolate and not being previously reported in pigs. Altogether 53 isolates from 16 positive samples were characterized with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Using SpeI, NotI and XbaI enzymes, four, three and two different PFGE patterns were obtained respectively. A total of nine different genotypes were identified when the profiles of the enzymes were combined. The most common genotypes were gIV, found on three, and gXII, found on two of the four Y. pseudotuberculosis-positive farms. The same genotypes previously detected in pig tonsils were present in pig faeces from the same farm, indicating that some Y. pseudotuberculosis strains can persist in the pig house environment.  相似文献   

12.
Yersiniosis was prevalent among a caprine herd during the late autumn of 2003 in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. The disease affected 29 of about 100 lactating goats, but not dried or nonparous goats, mature male goats or kids. Four animals died within an epidemic period of 20 days. Affected animals developed decreased milk production with subsequent watery diarrhea, neutrophilia with increased band forms and multiple microabscesses characteristic of yersiniosis in the intestinal mucosa from the jejunum to caecum as well as in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype III was isolated from intestinal contents and mesenteric lymph nodes. The organism was also cultured from clinically normal dried animals. The outbreak might have been precipitated by multiple stress factors, such as lactation, cold weather, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection resulting in abscess formation and tapeworm and coccidium parasitisms.  相似文献   

13.
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was isolated from mastitis cases in nine dairy cows in Israel. Six cases occurred on one farm (three instances of two cows, 2 months apart) and three cases on one farm each. Seven cows suffered from clinical and two from subclinical mastitis. All but two of the cows were culled. The literature describing cases of bovine mastitis caused by Y. pseudotuberculosis is reviewed and the human public health implications are discussed.  相似文献   

14.
Retrospective investigation was done on Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in barn rat populations living in an Yersinia endemic area and in zoo rat populations living in a nonendemic area. The OH agglutinins against Y pseudotuberculosis were normally distributed within both populations. Most of the OH agglutinin titers and many O agglutinin titers were reduced by treatment of sera with acetone. Sera with O and OH agglutinin titers were assigned to 2 groups, one with a titer less than 1:8 and the other with a titer of greater than or equal to 1:8. Rats harboring the organism did not possess O or OH agglutinin titers greater than 1:8 in acetone-treated sera. In most nontreated sera, OH agglutinin titers were higher than were the O agglutinin titers. However, in most acetone-treated sera, O agglutinin titers were equivalent to OH agglutinin titers. Differences by region and age were observed in acetone-treated O agglutinin titers of greater than or equal to 1:8 against Y pseudotuberculosis. Therefore, it is recommended that to detect antibody against Y pseudotuberculosis in rats, sera should be treated with acetone before the test and O antigen should be used.  相似文献   

15.
The research was conducted on clinically healthy mares (n = 40) and foals (n = 78) during Y. pseudotuberculosis associated enzootics. The animals were divided into groups: I to IV--mares, IA to IVA--their offsprings, IB to IVB--foals which mothers were not treated with any medicaments. The animals in group I, IA and IB were injected with PBS; in group II, IIA and IIB--with Y. pseudotuberculosis strain-based vaccine, in group III, IIIA and IIIB--with P. acnes strain-based immunostimulator; in group IV, IVA and IVB--with P. acnes strain-based immunostimulator and (5 days after the immunostimulator injection) Y. pseudotuberculosis strain-based vaccine. The presence of antibodies was determined by means of ELISA. The study revealed anti-Yersinia pseudotuberculosis IgG only in 19 mares before, and in 25 mares and 26 foals 3 weeks after vaccination. The mean extinction 3 weeks after vaccination amounted to: II-0.489, IV-2.578, iiA-0.572, IVA-0.974, IIB-0.312, iVB-0.418. The cut-off extinction value was 0.154. The presence of anti-Yersinia pseudotuberculosis IgG before vaccination in the sera of clinically healthy mares may suggest that Y. pseudotuberculosis infection occurs definitely more often than is expected. Vaccination preceded by immunostimulation appeared to be the most efficient method of treatment against yersiniosis.  相似文献   

16.
An epizootic attributable to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection was confirmed in captive ruminants in a wildlife park by microbiologic and histologic findings. An epornitic of Y pseudotuberculosis infection was identified at the same period in a vicinity near the ruminant deaths. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis can infect human beings and cause acute enteritis and mesenteric lymphadenitis. People in contact with infected animals should use extreme caution and use good sanitary precautions to preclude transmission of this agent.  相似文献   

17.
A multiplex PCR method for rapid and sensitive diagnosis, differentiating three pathogenic Yersinia groups such as the highly pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, including serotype O8, low pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, and Y. pseudotuberculosis, was developed. Four primer pairs were chosen to detect the genes fyuA, ail, inv, and virF, responsible for the virulence in pathogenic Yersinia species. Under the multiplex PCR conditions, the unique band patterns for the highly pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, low pathogenic Y. enterocolitica, and Y. pseudotuberculosis were generated from Yersinia strains. The detection limit of this method was 101–103 CFU per reaction tube. This multiplex PCR method could detect highly pathogenic Y. enterocolitica O8 from the wild rodent fecal samples that were culture-positive. Therefore, the new multiplex PCR method developed in this study is a useful tool for rapid and sensitive diagnosis, distinguishing three pathogenic Yersinia groups.  相似文献   

18.
Abstract The development of disease following oral challenge with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (serotype 11) was compared in four groups of five birds treated with a parenteral dose of 10 mg iron dextran (Imferon), 10 mg of iron dextran plus 10 mg of the chelating agent desferrioxamine (Desferal), 10 mg of desferrioxamine or 10 mg of dextran 2 days before the experiment. Four groups of two birds received the above treatment regimens but no bacterial challenge. In iron dextran treated birds, oral challenge resulted in faecal shedding for the 10 day duration of the experiment, whereas in those birds which received dextran or desferrioxamine alone, the duration of faecal shedding was significantly less. Serological titres to the lipopolysaccharide antigen of the challenge bacteria were also lower in the groups not pretreated with iron dextran. The birds pretreated with iron dextran had diarrhoea and were clinically unwell 2 days following the initial oral challenge. Birds not given iron dextran showed no clinical signs of disease. Histological examination of five selected areas in the liver, spleen and intestine of each bird indicated that birds in the groups treated with iron dextran prior to bacterial challenge had significantly more intestinal lesions than birds in the groups not treated with iron. In contrast, there were significantly more lesions in the spleens of birds not pretreated with iron dextran. There was no evidence of stainable iron in the livers of birds challenged with Y pseudotuberculosis 10 days after an injection of 10 mg of iron dextran. This is in contrast to birds given iron dextran and no bacteria. It was concluded that pretreatment of birds with iron dextran resulted in more severe clinical disease, prolonged faecal shedding with associated intestinal lesions and higher serological titres to bacterial antigen. The number of lesions in the spleen and liver was not necessarily correlated with the severity of clinical disease, and in all infected birds the hepatic iron levels were significantly lower than in the non-infected control birds 10 days after oral challenge. It seems probable that the chicken has a high requirement for iron during infection with Y pseudotuberculosis and mobilises stored and exogenously supplied iron for tissue repair and immunological function.  相似文献   

19.
AIMS: To study the adhesion properties of a biotype 4, serotype O:3 (human pathogenic) strain of Yersinia enterocolitica and to determine if adhesion in vitro and colonisation in vivo can be prevented by competition with a biotype 1A, serotype O:6,30 (non-pathogenic) strain. To study interaction between Y. enterocolitica biotype 4, serotype O:3 and cultured epithelial cells using the synthetic tripeptide arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD). METHODS: The human intestinal epithelial (HEp-2) cell line was used for in vitro studies. Inocula of Y. enterocolitica biotype 4, serotype O:3 radiolabelled using tritium were incubated with HEp-2 cells and RGD tripeptide, or with Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A, serotype O:6,30 sequentially or concurrently, then washed and lysed, and radioactivity measured to determine the effect of RGD on adhesion, and competitive exclusion of pathogenic by non-pathogenic bacteria. For in vivo studies, two groups of 5-week-old piglets (n=5/group) were sequentially inoculated orally with 5 x 10(9) colony forming units (cfu) of either a non-pathogenic biotype 1A, serotype O:6,30 strain of Y. enterocolitica followed by a pathogenic biotype 4, serotype O:3 strain, or vice versa. Pigs were monitored for carriage of strains using bacterial culture and a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The RGD tripeptide significantly inhibited adherence of the pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strain to cultured epithelial cells, suggesting that adhesion involved the RGD tripeptide sequence. The non-pathogenic biotype 1A, serotype O:6,30 strain of Y. enterocolitica prevented adhesion of the pathogenic strain to cells in vitro when allowed to adhere first. Pathogenic Y. enterocolitica was consistently isolated from rectal swabs from 80-100% of pigs on all sampling occasions but not from oral swabs after 14 days in pigs first inoculated with the non-pathogenic strain or at 26 days in pigs first inoculated with the pathogenic strain. CONCLUSIONS: A non-pathogenic strain of Y. enterocolitica reduced adhesion of a human pathogenic strain in vitro but not in vivo.  相似文献   

20.
The results of a national survey of faeces from clinically normal deer for Salmonella sp. and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis are reported. Five isolates of Y. pseudotuberculosis and none of Salmonella sp. were made from 3810 faeces representing 122 farms.  相似文献   

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