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1.
M. Madhavan V. S. Shanmugasundaram Sp. Palaniappan 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1986,157(1):43-51
A field experiment was conducted during khariff 1984 in sandy clay loam soil under irrigated condition at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, with a view (i) to find out the possibility of introducing short duration dwarf variety of sorghum CO 22 as an intercrop with pigeonpea genotypes, (ii) to study the effect of different plant population levels and intercropping of sorghum CO 22 on pigeonpea genotypes, and (iii) to find out compatible pigeonpea genotypes and plant population level for pigeonpea based intercropping system with sorghum CO 22.
It was observed that increased plant density significantly increased the dry matter production, leaf area index (LAI) and crop growth rate (CGR) during early stages and reduced the net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR) and CCR during later part of the growth. Intercropping of sorghum CO 22 significantly reduced the dry matter production LAI, CGR, NAR and RGR. Plants in the intercropped stands recorded higher CGR, NAR and RGR during later part of the growth. Among pigeonpea genotypes CO 5 was much affected due to intercropping with sorghum CO 22. 相似文献
It was observed that increased plant density significantly increased the dry matter production, leaf area index (LAI) and crop growth rate (CGR) during early stages and reduced the net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR) and CCR during later part of the growth. Intercropping of sorghum CO 22 significantly reduced the dry matter production LAI, CGR, NAR and RGR. Plants in the intercropped stands recorded higher CGR, NAR and RGR during later part of the growth. Among pigeonpea genotypes CO 5 was much affected due to intercropping with sorghum CO 22. 相似文献
2.
豆科–燕麦间作对作物光合特性及籽粒产量的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
为进一步揭示豆科燕麦间作体系中作物产量优势的光合机制,设置燕麦单作、大豆单作、花生单作、大豆燕麦间作和花生燕麦间作试验,在不施氮肥的条件下,调查大豆、花生同燕麦的产量、功能叶片相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)及光合特性。结果表明,与单作相比,大豆–燕麦和花生–燕麦间作优势明显,土地当量比(LER)分别为1.41~1.63和1.31~1.52。同大豆间作的燕麦除单株粒重及千粒重外,其他各产量构成因子均增加;同花生间作的燕麦各产量构成因子均高于单作燕麦,其中小穗数、穗粒数、单株粒重与单作相比差异显著;间作提高了大豆各产量构成因子,但降低了花生的结荚数及单株粒重。间作提高了燕麦的叶绿素含量和净光合速率,改变了叶绿素构成,使燕麦衰老延缓;间作对大豆的相对叶绿素含量及净光合速率均无显著影响;在燕麦孕穗后期至抽穗期,间作花生净光合速率显著高于单作。在不施氮肥的条件下,间作体系均明显优于单作,其中燕麦花生间作体系显著促进了燕麦的生长发育,大豆燕麦间作体系对燕麦、大豆均有一定促进作用。 相似文献
3.
A 2-year study was conducted to determine the effects of tillage and cropping systems on soil moisture balance, growth and yield of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.). Three tillage treatments, viz. minimum tillage (one harrowing), conventional tillage (two harrowing, cross) and deep tillage (ploughing followed by two har-rowings), and four cropping systems, viz. monoculture of pearl millet, pearl miliet-clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetra-gonoloba (L.) Taub.) rotation, monoculture of pearl millet with 5 t ha−1 farm yard manure (FYM), and intercropping of pearl millet and clusterbean, were compared. Deep tillage improved the soil moisture storage, water use efficiency and grain yield of pearl millet while consumptive use of water was higher with minimum tillage. Total dry matter yield with deep tillage and conventional tillage was 23.2 and 10.2% higher than minimum tillage in the season 1, and the corresponding values for season 2 were 30.7 and 13.3%. The Pearl millct-clusterbean rotation and monoculture of pearl millet with the application of 5 t ha−1 FYM gave 17.2 and 6.1% higher yield than monoculture of pearl millet, respectively. Maximum water use efficiency was observed in rotation followed by FYM application. 相似文献
4.
With a view to explore the possibility of developing the most economic and viable intercropping and border-cropping systems with nitrogen management in finger millet, an experiment was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India during summer season (December—March) under garden land condition. Different inter-crops tested were sorghum, sunflower, lady's finger, onion and cluster beans. The study indicated that intercropping and border-cropping in direct sown finger millet under irrigated condition were possible. The best and most remunerative border-crop as well as inter-crop in finger millet was onion. Application of 90 kg N/ha would be sufficient for such a cropping system in a sandy clay loam soil of medium fertility. Onion and cluster beans exhibited companion effect and sunflower and sorghum exerted competitive effect on growth and production of finger millet. 相似文献
5.
Identifying plant architectural traits associated with yield under intercropping: Implications of genotype-cropping system interactions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Increased yields of some crops have resulted from indirect selection of plant architectural traits related to yield. This study examines the potential relationship between plant architecture and yield for a legume grown under intercropping, Field experiments were conducted in 1991 to examine the response of two cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) genotypes with contrasting plant habits to sole crop and intercrop with pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke), and to identify cowpea traits associated with yield under intercropping. The cultivur with a bush-type habit was higher-yielding in sole crop, whereas the cultivar with a spreading habit was higher-yielding in intercrop. For F2 cowpea populations, pod number was most highly correlated with seed yield in intercrop. The number of branches and nodes, particularly in areas with increased access to light, and increased internode length were also important in intercrop. Selection for improved yield in sole crop may not necessarily lead to improved yield in intercrop, and different plant traits may be more appropriate for cultivars intended for use in inter-crop than for those intended for use in sole crop. 相似文献
6.
不同玉米/花生间作模式对土壤微生物量及产量的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为了探究不同玉米/花生间作条件下地下部土壤微生态环境,采用大田试验研究了不同玉米/花生间作条件下作物根区土壤微生物量和产量状况的变化特征。结果表明,在一定程度上,间作可以提高土壤微生物的整体代谢活性和群落结构多样性,其中玉米/花生间作12垄,细菌高出对照62.5%、真菌是对照6倍、放线菌是对照8倍。不同的间作模式对经济效益的影响也是相当大,其中间作玉米/花生间作12垄高出玉米/花生间作4垄23.6%,玉米/花生间作8垄高出玉米/花生间作4垄22.5%。综合评价认为,玉米与花生间作最佳比例为4:12或12:12。辽宁省花生产区多为风沙土,土壤易风蚀,而且花生又忌连作,采用玉米花生间作对防风蚀、防重茬具有重要的作用。 相似文献
7.
旨在探明间作模式对作物产量的影响,为间作措施的合理应用和推广提供理论依据。该研究以单作为对照,利用Meta分析方法定量分析间作对作物产量的影响及其影响因素。结果表明,间作较单作显著降低了作物产量,尤其在温带地区。此外,在地面覆盖和豆科作物条件下,间作也降低了作物产量。然而,当降雨量超过600 mm时,间作较单作的作物产量显著增加了29.6%。而当降雨量小于600 mm时,间作较单作的作物产量降低了18.7%。年均气温也显著影响间作的产量效应,当年均气温高于20℃时,间作较单作的作物产量降低了55.1%,长期间作（>5年）有利于提高产量,然而当年数少于3年时,间作较单作却降低了作物产量。高有机质含量(>20 g/kg)和低有机质含量(1 g/kg)条件下,间作均不利于作物产量提高。与此类似,当土壤全氮高于1.5 g/kg时,间作较单作的作物产量降低48.6%。间作对作物产量的降低幅度在pH 6.5~7.5时是最大的。当土壤有效磷、氮和钾含量分别为>30 mg/kg、 <50 mg/kg和50~100 mg/kg时间作较单作降低作物产量。因此,间作的产量效应受气候、试验年限和土壤性状等多种因素的影响。 相似文献
8.
Thresholds,sensitive stages and genetic variability of finger millet to high temperature stress 
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下载免费PDF全文 R. A. Opole P. V. V. Prasad M. Djanaguiraman K. Vimala M. B. Kirkham H. D. Upadhyaya 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2018,204(5):477-492
Finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] is an important coarse cereal crop grown in the arid and semi‐arid regions and often experiences high temperature (HT) stress. The objectives of this research were (i) to quantify effects of season‐long HT stress on physiological and yield traits, (ii) to identify the developmental stages most sensitive to HT stress and (iii) to quantify the genetic variability for HT stress tolerance in finger millet. Research was conducted in controlled environment conditions. HT stress decreased the chlorophyll index, photosystem II activity, grain yield and harvest index. Maximum decrease in number of seeds per panicle and grain yield per plant was observed when stress was imposed during booting, panicle emergence or flowering stages. Maximum genotypic variation was explained by panicle width and number of seeds per panicle at optimum temperature (OT) and grain yield per plant at HT and number of seeds at HT. Based on the stress response and grain yield, tolerant or susceptible genotypes were identified. Finger millet is sensitive to HT stress during reproductive stages, and there was genotypic variability among the finger millet genotypes for number of seeds per panicle and grain yield under HT, which can be exploited to enhance stress tolerance. 相似文献
9.
玉米–大豆带状套作行距配置对作物生物量、根系形态及产量的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
空间配置是影响间作套种作物生长和产量构成的关键因素之一。本研究固定玉米–大豆套作带宽200 cm,玉米采用宽窄行种植,设置4个玉米窄行行距为20 cm(A1)、40 cm(A2)、60 cm(A3)和80 cm(A4)套作处理,2个玉米和大豆净作对照处理,研究行距配置对套作系统中玉米和大豆生物量、根系及产量的影响。结果表明,套作大豆冠层光合有效辐射和红光/远红光比值均低于净作,且随着玉米窄行的增加而降低。套作系统中大豆地上地下生物量、总根长、根表面积和根体积从第三节龄期(V3)到盛花期(R2)逐渐增加,但随着玉米窄行的增加而降低。套作玉米地上地下生物量从抽雄期到成熟期逐渐增加,根体积却逐渐降低,但这些参数随玉米窄行的变宽而增加。玉米和大豆在带状套作系统中产量均低于净作,且随玉米窄行的变宽,玉米产量逐渐增加,2012和2013两年最大值平均为6181 kg hm–2,而大豆产量逐渐降低,两年最大值平均为1434 kg hm–2,产量变化与有效株数和粒数变化密切相关。此外,玉米–大豆带状套作群体土地当量比(LER)大于1.3,最大值出现在A2处理,分别为1.59(2012年)和1.61(2013年),且最大经济收益也出现在A2处理(2年每公顷平均收益为1.93万元)。因此,合理的行距配置对玉米–大豆带状套作系统中作物的生长、产量构成和群体效益具有重要的作用。 相似文献
10.
棉花花生间作复合系统的照度、生长发育与生产力效应 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
摘 要：洞庭湖平原是我国的高产棉区之一,随着杂交棉的推广,种植密度大幅降低,为农作物多熟复种提供了条件。本研究运用作物生态位差异等原理,选择3个花生品种即湘花120（繁茂度高、中早熟、大果）、四粒红（繁茂度中、特早熟、中果）、湘农小花生（繁茂度低、早熟、小果）,与长江流域的主要杂交棉品种湘杂棉2号进行间种,探讨了棉地间作花生的可行性。结果表明：1）间作棉花的相对照度、生长势、产量（3.4%～5.7%）均有所降低,而间作花生的相对照度提高,产量主要因为间作田花生基本苗减少而降低;2）不同花生品种对间作棉花的影响主要与繁茂度有关,以湘花120＞四粒红＞湘农小花生,而不同花生品种受棉花的影响主要与熟期有关,以湘花120＞湘农小花生＞四粒红;3）虽然间作棉花略有减产,但全田整体效益大幅增长,其中比花生单作增长35.9%～107.6%,比棉花单作增长31.6%～52.9%。因此,棉田间作花生在经济上不仅可行,而且大有可为。其中湘花120与棉花间作的整体效益最高。 相似文献
11.
Intercropping of sorghum and pearl millet with different growth cycles is used widely in third-world countries to ensure and increase yields. However, it is questionable whether yield increases because of intercropping can be maintained under more developed systems, since temporal differences are necessary to allow mechanized planting and harvesting.
Three sorghum hybrids with expected growth cycles from 90 to 110 days were planted in sole stands and in alternate rows and mixed within the rows with a pearl millet hybrid having a growth cycle similar to that of the early sorghum. Sole stands of millet also were included. The plots were planted at three locations in Kansas, two dryland and one including dryland and irrigated. Results show that yields were consistently highest in sole stands of sorghum, owing to the higher yield level of sorghum. No yield increase could be found on a land equivalent ratio basis, indicating no intercropping advantages. However, under good moisture conditions, a tendency toward yield increase was observed with the later maturing sorghums, which had 1–2 weeks of grain filling after the millet was mature. When moisture supply was insufficient, millet showed higher competitiveness for water than sorghum, and sorghum was adversely affected more than pearl millet was favored. It was concluded that moisture conditions have to be good and that temporal differences between sorghum and millet have to be greater than those used in this experiment to achieve intercropping yield advantages. 相似文献
Three sorghum hybrids with expected growth cycles from 90 to 110 days were planted in sole stands and in alternate rows and mixed within the rows with a pearl millet hybrid having a growth cycle similar to that of the early sorghum. Sole stands of millet also were included. The plots were planted at three locations in Kansas, two dryland and one including dryland and irrigated. Results show that yields were consistently highest in sole stands of sorghum, owing to the higher yield level of sorghum. No yield increase could be found on a land equivalent ratio basis, indicating no intercropping advantages. However, under good moisture conditions, a tendency toward yield increase was observed with the later maturing sorghums, which had 1–2 weeks of grain filling after the millet was mature. When moisture supply was insufficient, millet showed higher competitiveness for water than sorghum, and sorghum was adversely affected more than pearl millet was favored. It was concluded that moisture conditions have to be good and that temporal differences between sorghum and millet have to be greater than those used in this experiment to achieve intercropping yield advantages. 相似文献
12.
Ke DANG Xiang-Wei GONG Guang-Hua CHEN Guan ZHAO Long LIU Hong-Lu WANG Pu YANG Bai-Li FENG 《作物学报》2019,45(12):1880-1890
禾豆间作是一种高效的生态种植模式,为明确糜子-绿豆合理间套作种植模式下糜子对养分高效利用的机制,于2017—2018年在榆林小杂粮综合试验示范站,以单作糜子(SP)为对照,设糜子(P)-绿豆(M)4种间作模式[2∶2(2P2M)、4∶2 (4P2M)、4∶4 (4P4M)、2∶4 (2P4M)],分析糜子开花期和成熟期不同器官干物质积累、氮素含量及植株氮积累量,以期探讨叶片和根系氮素代谢的变化规律,进一步挖掘不同间作模式对糜子产量及其构成因素的调控效应。结果表明,糜子-绿豆间作可显著增加糜子开花期根系、茎秆、叶片和鞘的氮素含量,使成熟期穗的氮含量比单作增加10.9%～15.9%;间作有利于促进糜子器官的生长发育,与单作相比,间作模式下糜子成熟期干物质积累量两年试验平均提高11.6%～32.1%,植株氮素积累量增加12.8%～36.9%,其中糜子叶片和茎秆的氮素转运量分别比单作增加51.7%～78.9%和24.1%～55.6%,叶片对于穗的氮素贡献率增加40.6%～66.9%。糜子-绿豆间作模式可显著调节糜子旗叶和根系的氮素代谢,硝酸还原酶活性、谷氨酰胺合酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量及游离氨基酸含量均有不同程度的增加,2P4M处理下达到最大值。植株生理代谢、氮素营养的合理调控显著改善了糜子产量及其构成因素,产量表现为2P4M4P4M2P2M4P2MSP。综上所述,糜子-绿豆间作模式可促进糜子生育后期的氮素积累、转运及氮素代谢,延缓了植株的衰老,提高糜子产量,表现出明显的间作优势。本试验条件下,2P4M是陕北地区糜子-绿豆最佳的间作配比。 相似文献
13.
灌溉与供磷对复合群体作物根系的调控及其产量效应 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用大田和管栽试验结合的方法,选择小麦/玉米/马铃薯和小麦/玉米两种间作模式,对灌溉与供磷条件下间作群体中作物根系时空分布的特征进行了研究。结果表明,适当的干旱有利于根系的下扎和产量的提高,严重干旱大大地降低了带田小麦和玉米的根量和产量;供磷促进根系的下扎,增加根重。供磷与不供磷相比,在小麦拔节期(玉米三叶期)小麦总根量平均高出94.66%,玉米高出67.67%;小麦灌浆期(玉米大喇叭口期)小麦高出42.08%,玉米高出124.13%;小麦收获后(玉米灌浆期) 小麦高出82.58%,玉米高出61.61%。大田试验结果表明,经济产量以中灌（1050 m3 /hm2·次）和高磷（150 kg纯P2O5/hm2）处理最高。 相似文献
14.
施氮量和玉米-花生间作模式对氮磷吸收与利用的影响 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
2004—2005年在山东泰安研究了施氮量与种植方式对玉米和花生产量、生物量、氮磷吸收与利用以及蛋白质产量的影响。结果表明, 与单作相比, 玉米-花生间作显著提高了玉米产量和氮、磷吸收量, 但降低了花生产量和氮吸收量。2行玉米4行花生间作模式(2∶4间作模式)的产量、生物量、蛋白质产量、氮磷吸收量以及氮磷吸收利用效率均高于2行玉米8行花生间作模式(2∶8间作模式); 2∶4间作模式的氮、磷吸收效率均显著高于单作模式, 土地当量比(LER)和蛋白质土地当量比(PLER)均大于1, 土地利用率提高8%~17%, 间作优势明显。与不施氮处理相比, 施氮处理显著提高间作玉米产量, 间作花生增产不显著, 促进玉米-花生间作体系氮、磷积累, 提高了氮、磷吸收总量及磷吸收利用效率, 从而显著提高了间作体系的产量和蛋白质产量, 间作优势却随施氮量的增加而降低。 相似文献
15.
醚苯磺隆在小麦田的除草效果及其残留对后茬作物的安全性 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
小麦返青期,在河北省小麦-夏播作物一年两熟地区冬小麦田施用醚苯磺隆,对其除草效果及其在土壤中的残留在不同耕作方式下对后茬作物生长和产量的影响进行了研究。结果表明:10%醚苯磺隆可湿性粉剂对小麦田主要阔叶杂草有较好的防除效果,对小麦产量无影响。10%醚苯磺隆在小麦田的施药剂量为60 g/hm2,对下茬作物玉米、谷子幼苗的生长及产量无影响,对大豆、花生、油菜的药害轻;随用药剂量增加药害加重,480 g/hm2处理对下茬参试作物均有较重的药害,不同作物对醚苯磺隆在土壤中残留量的敏感性有差异,其顺序为:油菜>大豆>花生>谷子>玉米。播种前进行旋耕比免耕对后茬参试作物幼苗生长及大豆和油菜产量影响要轻。 相似文献
16.
17.
间作模式对棉花、花生产量及品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了研究不同间作模式对棉花、花生产量及品质的影响,同时对其产值进行比较,本试验设计了棉花 花生的5个间作模式进行比较。结果表明：(1)各处理单位面积上的产值高到低的顺序为：3垄棉花-1垄花生、2垄棉花-1垄花生、清种棉花、1垄棉花-1垄花生、2垄棉花-2垄花生、1垄棉花-2垄花生,清种花生。(2)1垄棉花-2垄花生处理棉花的果枝数、单株铃数、铃重、子指、衣分、霜前花率最高,且棉花纤维品质最好。(3)1-2处理花生的饱果数最高,清种花生秕果数最低。(4)清种花生的单穴荚果重、出仁率、百果重、百仁重均最高,果仁含水量最低。综合来看,3垄棉花-1垄花生、2垄棉花-1垄花生的间作模式可以有效提高群体经济效益,同时,提高棉花的纤维品质,可以在生产中推广应用。 相似文献
18.
A field experiment was conducted on deep vertisols of Bhopal, India to study the effects of three levels of nitrogen (N), namely 0, 75 and 100 % of the recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN), on the dry matter accumulation (DMA) and productivity of three cropping systems (sole soybean, sole sorghum and soybean + sorghum intercropping) during the rainy season and their residual effect on the subsequent wheat crop during the post-rainy season. During the rainy season, sole sorghum was found to have significantly higher DMA and productivity in terms of soybean equivalent yield (SEY) than sole soybean or soybean + sorghum intercropping. Increasing the N dose from 0 to 100 % RDN significantly improved the DMA and SEY. At a low fertility level (N0 ), soybean + sorghum intercropping was found to be more productive, while at a high fertility level (100 % RDN), sole sorghum was more productive than the other two cropping systems. However, during the post-rainy season, sole soybean as the preceding crop gave the highest DMA and seed yield of wheat, which were similar to those found with soybean + sorghum intercropping. Sorghum followed by wheat gave the lowest DMA and seed yield of wheat. Application of 100 % RDN irrespective of cropping system during the preceding crop improved the DMA of wheat but not its seed yield. However, N applied to the wheat crop significantly increased its DMA and seed yield. 相似文献
19.
Gong Huihui Zhang Yujuan Zhao Junsheng Li Zhenhuai Lu Hequan Xu Shizhen Zhao Fengtao Meng Qinghua Dong Hezhong 《棉花学报》2019,31(2):147-155
[Objective] Intercropping as an intensive planting method, could increase the utilization ratio of land and resources. The study aimed to explore the advantages and disadvantages of cotton/sesame intercropping, and then find out the best planting pattern of cotton/sesame intercropping. [Method] Equidistant row monocropping cotton (Tc1), wide narrow row monocropping cotton (Tc2) and monocropping sesame (Ts) were used as control. We designed three intercropping patterns as follows: 1-1 pattern (cotton row spacing was 80 cm, one row of sesame was planted in the two row spacing), 2-1 pattern (cotton grown in wide-narrow-row, one row of sesame was planted in the wide row spacing), and 2-2 pattern (cotton grown in wide-narrow-row, two rows of sesame were planted in the wide row spacing). The effects of different intercropping patterns on cotton/sesame yield, yield components, leaf area index dynamic change and dry matter accumulation were investigated. The land equivalent ratio was used as an index to assess the land use efficiency. [Result] The results showed that cotton/sesame yield were significantiy affected by different intercropping patterns. However, the seed cotton yield decreased only slightly in 2-1 intercropping pattern. Two years average showed that, the seed cotton yield, plant height, boll number of per plant and boll weight in 1-1 pattern were reduced by 17.3%, 7.9%, 19.7% and 7.9% compared with Tc1, respectively. In the treatment of 2-2 model, which reduced by 16.4%, 5.81%, 14.8% and 6.2% in comparison with Tc2. But in the intercropping systems, the mixed yield and comprehensive economic benefit of cotton and sesame were higher than those of cotton and sesame monoculture. The leaf area index of the group and the total amount of dry matter accumulation in unit area increased significantly under cotton/sesame intercropping systems. The land equivalent ratios in 2015 and 2016 were from 1 to 1.24 and 0.91 to 1.16, respectively. [Conclusion] Under different cotton/sesame intercropping systems, the mixed yield and total economic benefit were higher than that of monocropping cotton or sesame. The 2-1 cotton/sesame intercropping pattern occupied the most optimal production performance and easy to cultivate, which was the practicable intercropping patterns in sustainable development. 相似文献
20.
A. Midya K. Bhattacharjee S. S. Ghose P. Banik 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2005,191(3):195-201
Field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Experimental Farm, Giridih, Jharkhand, during the kharif (wet) seasons of consecutive four years (1998–2001) to study the effect of staggered seeding of blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.) in rice field as a cereal–legume intercropping system and to minimize the degree of competition between the crop species to avoid yield damage, and at the same time to create a high level of competition by the intercrops to suppress the weeds. Intercropping systems were assessed on the basis of land equivalent ratio, relative crowding coefficient, aggressivity, actual yield loss, monetary advantage, etc. Intercropping reduced the yield of component crops when compared with respective pure stands. However, deferred seeding of blackgram in rice (30 cm) after one weeding was most remunerative system and registered maximum rice-equivalent yield (2711 kg ha−1). Rice–blackgram (20 cm) intercropping system was very effective for weed smothering among unweeded intercropping treatments. In conclusion, deferred seeding of blackgram in rice field (30 cm) with one weeding may be recommended for better yield, weed suppression and better economics in the eastern plateau region of India. 相似文献