共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
为明确烟粉虱传播的番茄褪绿病毒(Tomato chlorosis virus,ToCV)与番茄黄化曲叶病毒(Tomato yellow leaf curl virus,TYLCV)对不同番茄品种的复合侵染情况,于2015年11月在山东省寿光市温室内采集13个番茄品种共390份疑似发病植株叶片,对不同番茄品种的TYLCV抗性和2种病毒的复合侵染以及温室内发病番茄植株上烟粉虱成虫的带毒率进行检测。结果表明,采集的13个番茄品种经分子标记检测鉴定均为TYLCV杂合抗性;不同番茄品种ToCV与TYLCV的复合侵染率存在明显差异,大果番茄粉宴和贝瑞上复合侵染率最高可达73.3%,而樱桃番茄八喜上未检测到这2种病毒的复合侵染。此外,在发病番茄植株上采集的烟粉虱成虫体内可检测到2种病毒,其中烟粉虱ToCV带毒率为90.7%,TYLCV带毒率为80.0%,同时检测到ToCV与TYLCV的概率为71.3%。表明ToCV和TYLCV的复合侵染在山东省番茄生产中普遍发生,烟粉虱可同时携带这2种病毒并广泛传播。 相似文献
2.
前期研究发现温室白粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood)与烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)伪蛹可以在辽宁省最冷月份的温室作物上存活并且越冬的烟粉虱伪蛹携带番茄黄化曲叶病毒(Tomato yellow leaf curl virus,TYLCV)。为了进一步明确辽宁省越冬粉虱伪蛹在初春时期能否正常羽化,以及成功羽化的烟粉虱携带TYLCV的情况,对2013年4月中旬辽宁部分县市区保护地作物上14份粉虱伪蛹进行了研究:分析了粉虱羽化率,镜检鉴别了粉虱种类,鉴定了烟粉虱生物型并检测了新羽化烟粉虱成虫体内携带的TYLCV。结果显示,14份伪蛹样品羽化率范围为47%-93%,平均羽化率77%;其中,4份样品(锦州TH1、葫芦岛LSH1、葫芦岛LSH2和葫芦岛LSH3)的羽化率高于90%,仅有1份样品(朝阳JP1)的羽化率低于50%。在14份样品中,10份样品为烟粉虱种群,其余4份样品为烟粉虱和温室白粉虱混合种群且仅在鞍山岫岩(XY)样品中温室白粉虱占优势(比例50%)。14份烟粉虱样品(包括混合样品)中,12份样品烟粉虱均为Q型,其他2份样品为B型和Q型烟粉虱混合种群。结果表明,辽宁省越冬粉虱伪蛹在初春时期能正常羽化,所有采集的烟粉虱样品均未能检测到TYLCV。 相似文献
3.
为了明确木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV)在新疆的发生分布,对采自新疆13个地(州)的1 166份蜀葵、苘麻、棉花疑似病株进行CLCuMuV分子鉴定和带毒检测,并对3种寄主上同期采集的1 588头烟粉虱进行隐种鉴定和带毒检测。结果显示,CLCuMuV DNA-A组分及其伴随的DNAβ卫星分子均可侵染蜀葵、苘麻、棉花;基于DNA-A及DNAβ组分的进化分析表明,新疆3种寄主上发生的CLCuMuV与国内已报道的CLCuMuV进化关系一致;蜀葵、苘麻、棉花上CLCuMuV带毒率存在差异,分别为27.87%、33.33%和14.95%;MEAM1和MED隐种为新疆烟粉虱主要种群,分别占26.70%和66.44%,带毒率分别为21.46%和17.63%,说明MED隐种为新疆烟粉虱优势种群,2个隐种均可携带CLCuMuV且带毒率相近;MEAM1隐种在蜀葵、苘麻、棉花上带毒率分别为21.39%、0和28.21%,MED隐种分别为19.61%,8.47%和11.18%,表明2个隐种在不同寄主上的带毒率存在差异。本研究明确了新疆地区侵染蜀葵、... 相似文献
4.
5.
番茄黄化曲叶病毒(tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV)是一种由烟粉虱传播的单链环状DNA病毒, 在田间可与多种病毒发生复合侵染, 如番茄褪绿病毒(tomato chlorosis virus, ToCV)等?本文对比了TYLCV单独侵染和TYLCV与ToCV复合侵染对烟粉虱获取和传播TYLCV的影响?结果表明, 与取食TYLCV单独侵染的番茄相比, 取食复合侵染番茄的烟粉虱对TYLCV的传毒率显著提高, 且番茄植株和烟粉虱体内TYLCV的病毒积累量也显著提高?试验结果说明复合侵染会提高烟粉虱的传毒率, 促进TYLCV的发生与流行? 相似文献
6.
烟粉虱MEAM 1隐种主要内共生菌的定位和分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
烟粉虱MEAM 1隐种是一种重要的世界性入侵害虫,共生菌在其种群入侵和扩张中起着不可忽视的作用。本研究采用荧光原位杂交技术(FISH),明确其携带的初生共生菌(Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum)和次生共生菌(Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa和Rickettsia sp.)在不同发育阶段虫体中的定位和分布。结果显示,烟粉虱MEAM 1隐种卵、若虫和成虫3个阶段均携带3种共生菌,Portiera和Hamiltonella菌集中分布于含菌细胞中,其中Hamiltonella呈环形包裹于含菌细胞周边;Rickettsia既在菌胞中呈“集中”分布,也“随机”分布于虫体其他部位或器官。上述结果明确了这3种共生菌在MEAM 1烟粉虱各个发育阶段的分布特征,同时证明3种共生菌均能通过烟粉虱雌虫垂直传播,为进一步揭示内共生菌在烟粉虱入侵过程中的作用打下基础。 相似文献
7.
为了阐明丽蚜小蜂Encarsia formosa对Q型烟粉虱的寄生特性及寄主植物携带病毒对其寄生的影响,采用微虫笼饲养法研究了寄生Q型烟粉虱的丽蚜小蜂生物学特性。结果显示,丽蚜小蜂寄生Q型烟粉虱3龄若虫时,其生长发育显著优于寄生Q型烟粉虱2龄若虫。丽蚜小蜂在感染黄化曲叶病毒（TYLCV）番茄和健康番茄上寄生Q型烟粉虱（分别为VW和NVW）3龄若虫时,其生长发育特性发生了明显变化。丽蚜小蜂以VW若虫为寄主时的寿命为10.25 d,显著长于寄生NVW的丽蚜小蜂寿命（5.90 d）;对VW和NVW后代3龄若虫的寄生率分别为23.81%和17.62%,致死率分别为38.95%和26.52%,差异均显著;而丽蚜小蜂的羽化率和发育历期不存在显著差异。说明丽蚜小蜂寄生Q型烟粉虱3龄若虫时更适宜其生长发育,寄主植物番茄携带TYLCV显著提高丽蚜小蜂对烟粉虱的寄生效果。 相似文献
8.
9.
不同寄主种群B型烟粉虱体内营养和成虫体长差异比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
［目的］ 探讨以黄瓜、番茄、棉花及甘蓝4种不同植物为寄主对B型烟粉虱体内主要营养物质及成虫体长的影响。［方法］ 以长期隔离饲养的4个B型烟粉虱寄主种群为材料,测定不同寄主种群身体含水量、总糖、总脂、总蛋白及成虫体长,比较不同种群上述各项指标的差异。 ［结果］ 4个不同寄主种群B型烟粉虱体内总糖和总脂肪含量存在显著差异,而含水量和总蛋白含量差异不显著。总糖含量以棉花种群最高,占干重的9.62%;而黄瓜种群总糖含量最低,占干重的6.15%。总脂肪含量以棉花种群最高,占干重的49.57%;而番茄种群仅占干重的34.96%,含量最低。不同寄主植物对B型烟粉虱成虫的体长影响显著。雌成虫体长变化表现为：黄瓜种群>番茄种群>棉花种群>甘蓝种群;而雄虫体长变化为: 黄瓜种群>棉花种群>甘蓝种群>番茄种群。［结论］ 不同寄主植物对B型烟粉虱体内总糖、总脂含量及成虫体长有明显影响。 相似文献
10.
烟粉虱取食感染TYLCV番茄对其解毒酶和保护酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了明确感染番茄黄化曲叶病毒(Tomato yellow leaf curl virus,TYLCV)的番茄对烟粉虱生理防御的影响,本文采用生化分析法研究了烟粉虱取食感染TYLCV的番茄植株后解毒酶和保护酶活性的变化。结果表明,B型烟粉虱在带毒番茄上取食72h及30d(长期饲养种群)后,其谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)活性呈现先升高后下降的趋势,而P450酶活性则持续上升,取食30d种群是对照种群的1.99倍;三大保护酶系超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)则在取食72h后,酶活性高于对照,而在感染TYLCV番茄上取食30d后,保护酶活性则持续高于72h及对照处理,分别是对照种群的1.45倍、8.42倍和5.03倍,差异显著;Q型烟粉虱表现趋势与B型烟粉虱相似。研究结果为进一步明确入侵烟粉虱与双生病毒之间的互作、揭示烟粉虱的适应性机制等补充了资料。 相似文献
11.
为明确普通烟遭受烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci取食及与中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒(Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus,TYLCCNV)共侵染时的响应机制,采用常规生理生化指标测定法分析比较MED隐种烟粉虱取食及其与TYLCCNV共侵染处理对普通烟植株中营养组分、防御物质积累及主要氧化酶活性的影响。结果显示,与对照植株相比,烟粉虱取食及其与TYLCCNV共侵染均可导致普通烟植株中可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量明显降低,多酚含量显著升高,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈现先升后降的变化趋势。与烟粉虱取食植株相比,烟粉虱与TYLCCNV共侵染后1 d时普通烟植株中可溶糖含量显著降低了21.05%,3、7和9 d时可溶性蛋白含量分别显著降低了27.40%、26.84%和20.90%;共侵染后的1、3、5和9 d时多酚含量分别显著降低了34.60%、14.30%、3.07%和15.19%;共侵染后的1、3、5和7 d时CAT活性分别提高了3.04倍、1.42倍、1.68倍和1.96倍;共侵染后7 d时POD活性显著降低,共侵染后9 d时SOD活性显著升高。表明普通烟可通过改变其营养组分及积累防御物质或提高氧化酶活性来防御烟粉虱取食及其与TYLCCNV的共侵染,而烟粉虱与TYLCCNV共侵染可诱导植株内产生较单独取食时更少的多酚类防御物质,以提高其在宿主植物上的适应性。 相似文献
12.
Note: Effect of the surfactant BB5 on the potency of thiamethoxam against the whiteflyBemisia tabaci
BB5, an alkyl phenoxy polyethylene ethanol formulated in acidic buffer, is an adjuvant added usually to various pesticides
to potentiate their activities on various biological systems. Addition of 0.2% BB5 resulted in a considerable increase of
thiamethoxam toxicity onBemisia tabaci (Gennadius) nymphs. According to LC50 values, the combined effect was over 25-fold higher than that of thiamethoxam alone. On the other hand, no appreciable combined
effect was observed when BB5 and thiamethoxam were applied together onB. tabaci adults. The importance of these results is discussed.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Dec. 20, 2004. 相似文献
13.
Milbemectin has a chemical structure close to the group of avermectins, which are derived fromStreptomyces avermitilis, and is considered primarily an efficient miticide. Effects of milbemectin on the sweetpotato whitefly,Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, were investigated under laboratory and field conditions. In bioassays conducted under controlled chamber conditions,
the compound affected 1st instars ofB. tabaci, resulting in a LC90 of 0.06 mg a.i. I-1. Later stage larvae were much less affected. Milbemectin is highly photodegradable in sunlight. In laboratory
assays, when treated cotton seedlings were subjected to 3 h of sunlight before being exposed toB. tabaci adults, no mortality of the whiteflies was observed. Milbemectin at a concentration of 2 mg a.i. I-1 applied in combination
with 0.2% ‘Ultra Fine’ mineral oil showed a residual activity of 67% adult mortality 10 days after application, whereas milbemectin
alone had no appreciable activity. The effect of milbemectin on whitefly populations in a cotton field was compared with that
of cypermethrin and of untreated control. Although milbemectin was not applied with mineral oil, it was more effective than
cypermethrin in controlling the whitefly populations. This insecticide/miticide seems not to affect appreciably natural enemies
ofB. tabaci. Milbemectin may be considered a compound with the potential for controllingB. tabaci populations. Mineral oils enhanced the potency of milbemectin on both whitefly larvae and adults.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 27, 1999. Contribution No. 501/99 from the Inst. of Plant Protection, Agricultural
Research Organization. 相似文献
14.
烟粉虱对螺虫乙酯的抗性监测及交互抗性测定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为明确螺虫乙酯在湖北地区的抗性水平以及与其存在潜在交互抗性风险的常用药剂类型,采用着卵叶片浸渍法,于2013年对湖北省13个烟粉虱MEAM1和MED隐种地理种群对螺虫乙酯的抗药性进行了监测,并以室内敏感品系SUD-S为参照,对经螺虫乙酯连续17代抗性筛选的WH-2种群进行了交互抗性分析。结果表明:湖北省13个烟粉虱地理种群对螺虫乙酯均表现出极低的抗性,LC50介于0.015~0.081 mg/L之间;其中MED隐种WH-2种群对螺虫乙酯的抗性最高,LC50为0.081 mg/L。在室内用螺虫乙酯对MED隐种WH-2种群连续17代抗性筛选后,其对螺虫乙酯的抗性倍数上升约7倍。经螺虫乙酯筛选的WH-2种群对吡虫啉、乙酰甲胺磷、灭多威、氟氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和氟啶虫胺腈均产生了低水平的交互抗性,抗性倍数分别为8.699、7.165、5.317、6.681、2.958、5.662倍,而对毒死蜱和阿维菌素无交互抗性。表明烟粉虱在湖北省部分地区对螺虫乙酯存在低水平抗性,且螺虫乙酯与部分常用杀虫剂存在交互抗性风险。 相似文献
15.
A. F. Arsnio E. Neto N. Ramos S. Mangerico E. Fortunato L. Stigter J. E. Fernandes A. M. P. Lavadinho D. Louro 《EPPO Bulletin》2002,32(1):31-35
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci has been a serious pest in protected tomato crops since 1995 in the south of Portugal (Algarve), causing severe losses mainly resulting from Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), first reported in the autumn/winter season. In order to manage and control the B. tabaci/TYLCV complex, experimental field trials were carried out between 1997 and 2000. Several control methods were tested, such as the application of white screen nets to windows and doors, chemical treatments against B. tabaci and the use of cucumber as a trap crop. The results show that the percentage of plants with TYLCV symptoms mainly reflects B. tabaci infestation level in the first 6 weeks. Screen net protection was the control method that clearly provided a low incidence of plants with TYLCV symptoms in the autumn/winter season. Additionally, insecticide treatments, made weekly in the first 6 weeks, may give improved protection. In the winter/spring season, the B. tabaci/TYLCV complex is a minor problem because of the low populations of B. tabaci and the climatic conditions. Information about the work in progress and results was given to growers through visits to the experimental fields and oral presentations. 相似文献
16.
David J Schuster Rajinder S Mann Marco Toapanta Roberto Cordero Sandra Thompson Sabrina Cyman Aaron Shurtleff Roy F Morris II 《Pest management science》2010,66(2):186-195
BACKGROUND: Biotype B of the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.), is a worldwide pest that has developed resistance to many insecticides, including the neonicotinoid class. Florida field populations were monitored for susceptibility to the neonicotinoids imidacloprid and thiamethoxam using a cut leaf petiole bioassay method. RESULTS: Average RR50 values for imidacloprid increased from 3.7 in 2000 to 12.0 in 2003; decreased to 5.0 and 2.5 in 2004 and 2005, respectively; and then increased to 26.3 and 23.9 in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Populations with RR50 values of about 50 to 60 during generation one reverted to RR50 values of ?4 in six generations, when reared without further exposure to imidacloprid. Average RR50 values for thiamethoxam increased from 2.0 in 2003 to 24.7 in 2006 and decreased to 10.4 in 2007. Populations with RR50 values of about 22, 32 and 53 during generation one declined to 8, 5 and 6, respectively, after being reared for five generations without exposure to thiamethoxam. The correlation coefficient from the 26 populations that were bioassayed both with imidacloprid and thiamethoxam showed a significant positive correlation (R2 = 0.58) between these populations. CONCLUSION: The high level of RR50 values to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam suggest an unstable decline in the susceptibility of B. tabaci to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, with possible cross‐resistance or predisposition for dual resistance selection. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
17.
S. L. van Brunschot C. F. Gambley P. J. De Barro R. Grams J. E. Thomas J. Henderson A. Drenth A. D. W. Geering 《Plant pathology》2013,62(5):1132-1146
A new approach for the simultaneous identification of the viruses and vectors responsible for tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) epidemics is presented. A panel of quantitative multiplexed real‐time PCR assays was developed for the sensitive and reliable detection of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus‐Israel (TYLCV‐IL), Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV), Bemisia tabaci Middle East Asia Minor 1 species (MEAM1, B biotype) and B. tabaci Mediterranean species (MED, Q biotype) from either plant or whitefly samples. For quality‐assurance purposes, two internal control assays were included in the assay panel for the co‐amplification of solanaceous plant DNA or B. tabaci DNA. All assays were shown to be specific and reproducible. The multiplexed assays were able to reliably detect as few as 10 plasmid copies of TYLCV‐IL, 100 plasmid copies of ToLCV, 500 fg B. tabaci MEAM1 and 300 fg B. tabaci MED DNA. Evaluated methods for routine testing of field‐collected whiteflies are presented, including protocols for processing B. tabaci captured on yellow sticky traps and for bulking of multiple B. tabaci individuals prior to DNA extraction. This work assembles all of the essential features of a validated and quality‐assured diagnostic method for the identification and discrimination of tomato‐infecting begomovirus and B. tabaci vector species in Australia. This flexible panel of assays will facilitate improved quarantine, biosecurity and disease‐management programmes both in Australia and worldwide. 相似文献
18.
The global invasion of certain Bemisia tabaci biotypes provides opportunities to compare the competency of virus transmission between invasive and indigenous biotypes. Here we report on the acquisition, retention and transmission of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) by the invasive B, Q and indigenous ZHJ2 biotypes of B. tabaci from Zhejiang, China. For all whitefly biotypes, TYLCV DNA was detected within a 30-min acquisition access period (AAP) to infected leaves. The percentage of adults with viral DNA increased with the length of AAP and reached 100% after 10–12 h. Following acquisition, viruliferous B, Q and ZHJ2 adults retained TYLCV DNA for the rest of their lives. Transmission was achieved with one B/Q adult per plant at the frequency of 50–55%, which rose to 100% with 10 insects per plant. In contrast, transmission of the virus was not observed with one ZHJ2 adult per plant in the experiments, and the transmission frequency rose to only 30–45% when whitefly adults increased to 5–10 per plant. These new data will help in the determination of the pest status of the whitefly biotypes as virus vectors in the regions of invasion, and so help in the development of management strategies. 相似文献
19.
N. E. Ramos A. F. Neto S. Arsnio E. Mangerico L. Stigter E. Fortunato J. E. Fernandes A. M. P. Lavadinho D. Louro 《EPPO Bulletin》2002,32(1):11-15
Protected tomato is the most important horticultural crop in the Algarve (south of Portugal). However, the growing area has decreased by almost 48% since 1995, mainly as a result of the pests Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum and the epidemics of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a Begomovirus transmitted by B. tabaci. Both whiteflies are vectors of economically important viruses. Recently, Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), a member of the genus Crinivirus, transmitted by both B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum, was reported infecting tomato crops in Algarve. A study was carried out to evaluate the dynamics of whitefly populations on tomato crops in Algarve. Population counts of B. tabaci were high in the first months of autumn, then decreased until January, when numbers of T. vaporariorum became higher. Counts of B. tabaci then increased again. 相似文献