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1.
IdaRose is a late-maturing, potato variety with round, dark red tubers. It has high yield potential and exceptionally long tuber dormancy. IdaRose was released in 2000 by the USDA/ARS and the experiment stations of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. It resulted from a 1982 cross of Sangre and TXA218-7. IdaRose is suited for use in both the early summer and storage fresh markets. Tuber yield of IdaRose is higher than that of Dark Red Norland and Sangre. It has yield potential similar to or slightly lower than Red LaSoda. Tubers of IdaRose have good internal and external quality. Culinary quality of boiled, baked, and micro-waved IdaRose tubers is excellent. It has moderate resistance to growth cracks, hollow heart, and other defect problems. IdaRose is susceptible or moderately susceptible to most common field diseases of potato. Tubers of IdaRose have dry matter content (19.2%) similar to other standard red varieties, and have a relatively high concentration of sugars and low concentration of glycoalkaloids (2.4 mg/100 g).  相似文献   

2.
为给河南省抗茎基腐病品种合理布局提供品种支撑,以河南省小麦茎基腐病的高致病力假禾谷镰孢菌菌株PY20-20为接种物,对参加河南省主要区域试验的308个小麦新品系进行苗期抗病鉴定。结果发现,供试品系中,95.7%的品系表现为高感(病情指数大于30.00),仅1.95%的品系表现为中抗(病情指数在10.01～20.00之间),3.25%的品系表现为中感(病情指数在20.01～30.00之间),无免疫和高抗品种,表明参加河南省小麦区域试验的新品系对小麦茎基腐病的整体抗性水平较低。为获得茎基腐病抗性稳定的品系,对苗期表现为中抗和中感的品系进行了2次重复验证,发现6个中抗品系(西农1125、郑麦9134、中研麦906、阜麦1008、泰禾麦6号和民研186)和4个中感品系(徐麦14017、周麦36、新麦9389和囤麦257)的抗性水平较为稳定。进一步对6个中抗品系进行成株期抗性鉴定,发现这些品系的病情指数在12.67～15.50之间,成株期对小麦茎基腐病的抗性也达到了中抗水平。综上,西农1125、郑麦9134、中研麦906、阜麦1008、泰禾麦6号和民研186这6个中抗茎基腐病的品系可以在小麦生产...  相似文献   

3.
Krantz is an oblong to slightly blocky, russet-skinned potato cultivar with medium-late maturity and a vigorous vine. It is resistant to hollow heart, has high resistance to common scab and possesses high field resistance to late blight. It is moderately resistant toVerticillium wilt, susceptible to early blight, viruses S and X, and exhibits symptoms of bacterial ring rot. Krantz is adapted to the irrigated sands, but will growth crack in heavier soils.  相似文献   

4.
Pacific Russet is a high-yielding, early maturing, oblong russet fresh market cultivar with excellent tuber appearance and culinary quality. In trials conducted in western Canada the yield of the new cultivar was generally superior to Russet Burbank, Ranger Russet, and Atlantic at 80, 90, and 110 days after planting. In the North Central Regional Variety Trial the yield of Pacific Russet exceeded that of Russet Norkotah in four of the eight sites in 2000 and three of the eight sites in 2001. In trials conducted in Ontario (Canada) Pacific Russet exceeded the yield of Goldrush at both sites in 2001 and in 2002 at two of the three sites that included both cultivars. External and internal defects occur at very low levels. The new cultivar is resistant to common scab and moderately resistant to Verticillium and Fusarium wilt, but susceptible to Fusarium dry rot and late blight (foliar). Pacific Russet shows clear foliar but not tuber symptoms when infected with bacterial ring rot.  相似文献   

5.
穗腐病是玉米的重要病害之一。近年来,由木霉Trichoderma spp.引起的穗腐病逐年加重。抗病玉米品种的选育和利用是控制穗腐病的经济、安全和有效措施。连续3年(2020-2022年)比较分析花丝喷雾法、花丝通道注射法、子粒注射法、牙签法等接种方法对玉米木霉穗腐病抗性鉴定效果。结果表明,花丝通道注射法发病强度适中,能使不同品种在人工接种后表现出不同水平的抗性反应,较适用于玉米抗木霉穗腐病鉴定接种,是一种比较理想、容易操作的接种方法。2021-2022年鉴定的玉米新品种中,对木霉穗腐病表现高抗、抗性、中抗、感病和高感的品种分别占2.6%、13.6%、26.0%、44.4%和13.4%。  相似文献   

6.
AC Ptarmigan is an early maturing, buff skin, cream flesh potato cultivar which has good, stable chip quality and can be processed directly from the field. The cultivar has uniform attractive tubers with shallow eyes. It is moderately resistant to common scab, early blight, potato virus Y and potato leafroll virus. It is susceptible to late blight and shows clear field symptoms when infected with bacterial ring rot.  相似文献   

7.
Elkton is a medium to medium-late maturing potato variety with tan netted-skin, round-oval tubers, and white-flesh. Average marketable yields ranged from 76 % to 113 % of Atlantic and average specific gravities ranged from ?0.002 to ?0.006 less than Atlantic depending on location. Chip color processed directly from the field in southern locations or from storage in the northern locations is equivalent to Atlantic. Elkton is resistant to internal heat necrosis and hollow heart. Color and texture ratings of Elkton following baking, boiling and microwaving have been similar to Atlantic. Elkton is moderately resistant to early blight and Verticillium wilt; moderately susceptible to foliar late blight and susceptible to tuber late blight; moderately susceptible to powdery scab; and, susceptible to potato virus Y and potato virus S. Its reaction to common scab has been inconsistent. Plant Variety Protection has been requested for Elkton.  相似文献   

8.
The Quaggy Joe potato variety is high-yielding and medium to medium-late maturing with attractive, round-oval, white-skinned, white-fleshed tubers with medium-shallow pink eyes. Its major use is expected to be as a maincrop tablestock variety. Quaggy Joe is resistant to the potato leafroll virus, and is also moderately resistant to early blight (Alternaria solani), dry rot (Fusarium sambucinum), and soft rot (Erwinia carotovora subsp.carotovora). Quaggy Joe tubers have shown very little shatter or blackspot bruising, but sprout earlier than Atlantic. Young plants have shown sensitivity to the herbicide metribuzin.  相似文献   

9.
茎基腐病是我国小麦生产上一种新的土传病害,近年在黄淮麦区发生日益加重,成为影响小麦安全生产的新问题。为给该病的防治和抗病育种工作提供依据,本研究以国内新发现的小麦茎基腐病优势病原菌假禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium pseudograminearum)Wz2-8A菌株为接种物,分别以国外抗病材料SUNCO和国内高度感病品种国麦301为抗性对照和感病对照,对黄淮麦区主推小麦品种进行了苗期盆栽接种和田间成株期接种抗性鉴定,并采用病情指数法进行了抗性评价。结果表明,供试品种在室内苗期及田间成株期均无免疫品种和高抗品种,其中室内苗期接种所有品种均表现感病或高度感病;田间病圃成株期抗性鉴定发现兰考198、许科718等10个黄淮麦区主推小麦品种表现为中抗,占供试品种总数的11.36%;焦麦266、郑麦004、郑麦0856等41个品种表现感病,占供试品种总数的46.59%;其余品种表现为高感,平均病情指数最高可达57.97,占供试品种总数的42.05%。本研究发现我国黄淮麦区主推小麦品种对茎基腐病优势病原菌假禾谷镰刀菌抗性整体较差,需要进一步加强抗病资源筛选,创制新的抗病材料,并充分利用中抗材料进行抗病育种。  相似文献   

10.
Red Pearl is a medium-late variety with round tubers of stable dark red skin and white flesh. It is an ideal gourmet and canning variety due to its high tuber set and high proportion of tubers less than 4.76 cm diameter (up to 71% of the total yield). Red Pearl has good boiling and baking qualities. Its specific gravity is slightly higher and the tuber dormancy is longer than Dark Red Norland. Red Pearl yields only 54% to 77% of Red Norland because of its small tuber size. Red Pearl is less susceptible to common scab (Streptomyces scabiae < than Dark Red Norland, significantly more resistant to corky ring spot (tobacco rattle virus) than Dark Red Norland and is resistant to bacterial wilt and brown rot (Ralstonia solanacearum). Red Pearl showed similar susceptibilities to several other diseases, including early blight, late blight, pink rot, and tuber soft rot, compared to Dark Red Norland. Red Pearl is more susceptible to shatter bruise and blackspot than Dark Red Norland when handled from storage at 7.2 C.  相似文献   

11.
Limited development of blackleg resistant potato cultivars has been ascribed to the lack of an effective and reliable test for large scale blackleg resistance screening. A method using leaf petioles was developed for assessing susceptibility of potato stems to blackleg pathogens (Erwinia carotovora subspeciesatroseptica andE. c. subspeciescarotovora). Fifty grams of sterile autoclaved silica sand in Magenta jars (GA-7 vessel, Magenta Corp., Chicago, Illinois) was drenched with bacterial suspension, (17 ml, 2.6 × 10 to 2.6 × 107 cfu/ml) and freshly cut petioles from 5 to 6 week-old plants were inserted to about 5 mm into the sand. The Magenta jars with lids closed were kept on a laboratory bench (20 ±2 C, 16 hours light). The arrangement provided near ideal post-inoculation incubation environment of high humidity for pathogen multiplication and rot development in the petioles. Length of rot was recorded 72 hours after inoculation. Linear regression of rot development on inoculum concentration had R2 ≥ 0.80. The petioles inoculated and incubated by this method produced measurable rot lesions with a bacterial concentration as low as 2.6 × 104 cfu/ml and differentiated between the resistant cultivar Russet Burbank and the susceptible cultivar Sangre at all the inoculum concentrations used. Furthermore, susceptibility ranking of five cultivars obtained by this method agreed in general with their reported field reactions. The method is simple and sensitive, and could be used for large scale screening for stem rot resistance in wildSolanum species and early generation breeding populations.  相似文献   

12.
Millennium Russet is a medium-late variety with long tubers having light russet skin and white flesh. It has potential as a fresh market and processing (french fries) variety. The tuber type of Millennium Russet is similar to Russet Burbank, but with better external and internal quality. The marketable yield, tuber set, and specific gravity are higher than Russet Burbank. Tubers show good fry color when processed from cold storage (7.2 C). Millennium Russet has a bland flavor and is less mealy and discolored than Russet Burbank. Chemical maturity of Millennium Russet occurs at approximately the same time as Russet Burbank, but it has lower sucrose levels in the bud and stem end. The glucose levels of Millennium Russet were 50% less than Russet Burbank throughout the first 4 months of storage at 10 C. Low glucose levels in the stem end of Millennium Russet when processed out of storage suggest tolerance to stress and low vulnerability to sugar end. Millennium Russet is resistant to common scab and corky ring spot, moderately resistant to dry rot, pink rot, and black scurf, and moderately susceptible to Verticillium wilt, bacterial wilt and brown rot. Millennium Russet is more sensitive to blackspot bruise than Russet Burbank, but more resistant to shatter bruise. Tuber yield of Millennium Russet was less responsive to nitrogen rates when compared with Russet Burbank, but tuber size distribution was more responsive to increases in in-row spacing.  相似文献   

13.
采用自然病圃鉴定法,对76个花生品种（系）进行了花生果腐病抗性评价,以期为抗病育种及田间病害防 治提供理论依据和抗性材料。结果表明,不同花生品种间对花生果腐病的抗性存在着显著差异,供试76份花生品 种（系）中未发现对果腐病免疫的品种,获得高抗品种2个,抗病品种7个,中抗品种12个,感病品种21个,高感品种 33个。聚类分析结果表明,分支I中的9个品种（尤其是花育9115）抗性较好,可进一步加以利用。花生对果腐病的 抗感性与荚果鲜重之间不存在显著相关。  相似文献   

14.
The Islander potato variety is a medium maturing variety with oblong, shallow-eyed, white-skinned tubers. High dry matter and good chip color characterize this variety which is better adapted to Long Island, New York and New Jersey than to other northeastern areas. It is resistant to golden nematode and net necrosis; moderately resistant to common scab and early blight; and less susceptible than most varieties to acid scab and Rhizoctonia. The Islander is a product of the cross Chipbelle × Norchip.  相似文献   

15.
Frontier Russet, a new, medium-early potato variety, was jointly released to growers by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Experiment Stations of Idaho, Oregon, Washington, and Colorado on April 9, 1990. It was tested in irrigated yield trials since 1979. Frontier Russet produces a moderately high yield of high quality, oblong to long, cylindrical, russet-skinned tubers. The tubers are well suited for baking and for processing into french fries at harvest. Frontier Russet is resistant to Fusarium dry rot and more resistant to Verticillium wilt than other early russets.  相似文献   

16.
White Pearl is a chipping cultivar with high level of resistance to cold sweetening. The cold-chipping capacity of White Pearl is better than the current chipping cultivars, including Atlantic, Snowden and NorValley. White Pearl has low glucose content and good chip color when processed directly after a 7-month storage period at 3.3 to 5.5 C. White Pearl tubers are similar to Snowden with a round oval shape, light netting, shallow eyes, white flesh, small to medium size, uniform shape, and are practically free of external and internal defects. The yield and specific gravity of White Pearl are medium. White Pearl is similar to Snowden in susceptibility to early blight, pink rot and soft rot, but it is slightly more resistant to common scab. White Pearl vines are susceptible to late blight, but can be managed effectively with fungicides. White Pearl is more sensitive to blackspot bruise than Atlantic or Snowden at 7.2 C, but is more resistant at higher temperatures. White Pearl is sensitive to metribuzin (Sencor), but not rimsulfuron (Matrix) or sulfentrazone (Spartan).  相似文献   

17.
 以盆栽杂交稻汕优63为供试品种开展人工接种技术研究，并利用人工接种技术对85个品种（组合）进行了抗性鉴定。研究表明，水稻叶尖枯病菌的侵入途径主要是伤口。人工接种，以病菌分生孢子液（低倍镜视野15～30个孢子）或菌丝液，在水稻孕穗至扬花期进行剪叶蘸菌液接种为好。接种后一定时间内的病斑扩展长度可作为大田鉴定水稻品种抗性的评价标准。根据大田接种结果，不同稻型和品种对叶尖枯病的抗性差异较大。一般杂交籼稻感病，常规中籼稻次之，而粳、糯稻抗病。这一结果与水稻叶尖枯病的大田发生情况相似。抗性鉴定中发现，一般秆高、叶长且披垂的水稻品种（组合）较感病；抗病品种特别是粳糯稻品种在病健交界处表现明显的褐色过敏性反应。  相似文献   

18.
The Mainestay potato variety is high-yielding and late-maturing producing attractive, round, white-skinned, white-fleshed tubers with medium-shallow eyes. Its major use is expected to be as a maincrop tablestock variety. Mainestay appearance ratings are similar to those of Katahdin, and greening in Mainestay tubers is less than in Kennebec. Most boil and bake qualities were rated equal to Katahdin in at least half of the tests, and Mainestay usually has a low incidence of internal defects. However, purple streak, heat necrosis, vascular discoloration, and heat sprouts have been seen on occasion. Mainestay tubers do not show the net necrosis caused by potato leafroll virus, and have shown very little hollow heart or blackspot bruising. Mainestay is susceptible to common scab and acid scab, but moderately resistant to verticillium wilt (Verticillium, albo-atrum andV. dahliae), early blight (Alternaria solani), rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia solani), dry rot (Fusarium sambucinum), and pink rot (Phytophthora erythroseptica). It is moderately susceptible to the common race of late blight (Phytophthora infestans). Mainestay tubers are slow to mature after vine kill, and additional time is required prior to harvest in order to allow for proper periderm development and to reduce storage losses.  相似文献   

19.
Simcoe, a round, white, early potato variety with excellent boiling, baking and chipping qualities, was released by the University of Guelph, Agriculture Canada and the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food in 1981. Yield is comparable to that of Norchip while the chip color ratings and specific gravity are higher. Simcoe is resistant to mild mosaic and late blight, moderately resistant to common scab and moderately susceptible toRhizoctonia. It is susceptible to virus leafroll but resistant to net necrosis from current season infection.  相似文献   

20.
通过子粒注射法和花丝通道法,在玉米吐丝初期至乳熟后期间隔 5～127 d接种 3个不同玉米品种,明确东北地区玉米禾谷镰孢穗腐病抗性鉴定的最佳接种方法。结果发现,禾谷镰孢在玉米吐丝期至乳熟期均能侵染玉米子粒和花丝。子粒注射法在玉米吐丝 1～12 d内接种的病情指数显著高于 16 d以后接种的处理;花丝通道法在玉米吐丝 1～5 d内的病情指数显著高于 12 d以后接种的处理。子粒注射法的抗性鉴定结果为吐丝 1 d接种的果穗表现为感病,吐丝 5～12 d为中抗或抗病,吐丝 16 d之后为抗病或高抗;花丝通道法接种的结果为吐丝 1 d为中抗或抗,吐丝 5 d及以后为抗或高抗。结果表明,子粒注射法在玉米吐丝 10～15 d左右接种发病稳定、抗感差异明显、鉴定结果准确。  相似文献   

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