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1.
The present study deals with the first isolation of Exophiala dermatitidis from a dog. The dog had a history of multicentric lymphoma for 4 months. On physical examination, 10-15 black or purple subcutaneous nodules were detected on the dorsum of the right neck. Microscopic examination of biopsy specimen from the nodules disclosed lymphocytes, neutrophils and moniliform hyphae. The colony of the clinical isolate was flat with black aerial hyphae and a wet margin after 2 weeks incubation on Sabouraud's dextrose agar at 27 degrees C. The microscopic examination of the clinical isolate revealed that hyphae were brown, septate, and smooth, producing branched or unbranched conidiospores laterally or on the apex. The conidia were one celled, subglobose, elliptical to cylindrical, smooth and hyaline. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the chitin synthase 2 (CHS2) gene fragments from the isolate and a reference strain of E. dermatitidis showed more than 99% similarity.  相似文献   

2.
Phycomycosis in a dog   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
SUMMARY A case of phycomycosis, with skin lesions, in a dog is reported. Hyphomyces destruens (Pythium gracile) was identified from aspirate collected from a regional lymph node, and characteristic hyphae were seen in stained sections of a biopsy specimen of affected skin. Incidence, pathogenesis and therapy are discussed.  相似文献   

3.
We describe two canine cases of cutaneous infection caused by Serratia marcescens. A 2-year-old castrated male mixed dog (Case 1) presented with multiple ulcerations on the dorsal trunk, which were observed 4 days after shampooing. A 4-year-old male wolf shepherd mix dog (Case 2) presented with ulceration and purulent discharge on the nasal bridge. Cytological examination of both cases revealed pyogranulomatous inflammatory cells with rod-like infectious agents identified as S. marcescens in aerobic bacterial culture. Both patients were treated with oral antibiotics and topical chlorhexidine. Case 1 received enrofloxacin 10 mg/kg once daily for 1 week, followed by trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 15 mg/kg twice daily for 3 weeks. Case 2 received doxycycline 10 mg/kg twice daily for 4 weeks. No skin lesions were detected 2 weeks after the initial administration. The antibiotics were discontinued after a total 4 weeks of administration, and the skin lesions did not reappear.  相似文献   

4.
A 12-year-old spayed Corgi-type dog developed an acute febrile illness about 2 weeks after excision of a subcutaneous arteriovenous fistula. The dog was moribund after 1 week of illness and was euthanatized. Necropsy disclosed uncommon lesions comparable to those of polyarteritis nodosa and rheumatic heart disease of human beings. The pathogenesis of the arterial and cardiac lesions was not established, but was consistent with that of an immune-mediated mechanism.  相似文献   

5.
A 6‐year‐old male castrated Norfolk Terrier dog was examined following a 21‐day history of an increasingly painful eye. Examination revealed marked blepharospasm and purulent ocular discharge associated with an ulcerative keratitis. There was panstromal corneal opacity with raised gray to white lesions. Corneal cytology demonstrated branching septate fungal hyphae identified by polymerase chain reaction as Scedosporium apiospermum. Treatment with topical 1% voriconazole solution was successful in resolving the keratomycosis.  相似文献   

6.
Aspergillus ochraceus, a widely distributed filamentous fungus, was isolated and identified by cytology and culture as the cause of unilateral ceruminous purulent otitis in a 4‐year‐old male mixed‐breed dog. The pathogenic role of the fungal isolate was confirmed by a good response to antifungal therapy and the absence of other pathogens. No underlying diseases were identified and the dog recovered after 3 weeks of therapy with oral itraconazole and topical miconazole.  相似文献   

7.
Chronic esophagitis due to Pythium insidiosum infection caused weight loss, dysphagia, and hypersalivation in 2 dogs from rural Tennessee. Although dog 1 presented for evaluation in December 1984 and dog 2 in October 1992, infection likely occurred during the previous summer by drinking fresh pond water containing zoospores. Hematologic testing revealed eosinophilia and hypergammaglobulinemia in one dog. An etiologic diagnosis was not made until postmortem evaluation when hyphae within necrotic and granulomatous cellular infiltrates in the esophageal wall were identified as P insidiosum by immunoperoxidase staining. Failure to culture the organism from the esophageal wall in dog 2 was attributed to refrigeration of the tissues, since refrigeration decreases the survivability of P insidiosum. J Vet Intern Med 1996;10:139–742. Copyright © 1996 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine .  相似文献   

8.
A 4‐year‐old, ovariohysterectomized, English springer spaniel on immunosuppressive therapy was re‐examined for the review of its immune‐mediated haemolytic anaemia and the recent development of skin lesions. For the 3 months since hospital discharge, the dog had been receiving 1.3 mg/kg prednisolone and 2.6 mg/kg ciclosporin, both administered orally twice daily. Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly and multiple, purulent, crusting, erosive to ulcerative lesions over different body areas. Onychorrhexis had occurred on one digit and the underlying corium had blackened. There were two proliferative and one plaque‐like lesions in the mouth. Thick walled fungal hyphae were detected in impression smears from all skin lesions and staining with periodic acid–Schiff’s stain confirmed the presence of multiple fungal hyphae and spores in all biopsies examined. Fungal culture isolated a heavy, pure growth of an Alternaria sp. which was identified as A. infectoria by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer 1 region of the rRNA gene. The animal’s condition prevented detailed investigation of the oral lesions. Withdrawal of the ciclosporin and reduction of the prednisolone dosage resulted in spontaneous resolution of the skin lesions within 40 days. Further gradual decrements in the prednisolone dosage to zero were carried out without recurrence of the immune‐mediated haemolytic anaemia. After 12 months, there has been no recurrence of either the skin lesions or the anaemia. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of A. infectoria infection in a dog.  相似文献   

9.
A German Shepherd Dog was evaluated for clinical signs of multifocal, progressive brain disease. Despite supportive care, the dog died shortly after hospital admission. Granulomatous meningoencephalitis with intralesional fungal hyphae was diagnosed postmortem. The fungus was identified as Sporobolomyces roseus by polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing of the ITS2 region.  相似文献   

10.
A case of protothecosis causing non‐ambulatory paraparesis in a dog without clinical evidence of disseminated infection is described. A five‐year‐old female Labrador retriever was referred with a 10‐day history of progressive non‐ambulatory paraparesis and lumbar pain as the only physical and neurological abnormalities. Lumbar myelography revealed severe extradural spinal cord compression extending from L4 to L7 vertebrae, and a right hemilaminectomy was performed. Surgical findings included an adherent whitish hard ill‐defined mass. Cytology and biopsy results disclosed the presence of algae enclosed in a matrix of chronic inflammatory infiltrate. Culture confirmed the presence of Prototheca species. Neurological improvement occurred within a month, and the dog received antifungal treatment without evidence of clinical disseminated disease for 6 months, but died after a generalised tonic–clonic seizure. Post‐mortem examination revealed multiple foci of inflammatory granulomatous infiltrate and algae‐like structures in the brain, lumbar intumescence and cauda equina. Prototheca zopfii was identified using molecular biology methods.  相似文献   

11.
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12.
ABSTRACT

Case history: A 2-year-old Rottweiler dog from Perth (WA, Australia) was referred for assessment of a chronic productive cough and weight loss.

Clinical findings: Severely enlarged bilateral superficial cervical lymph nodes and severely enlarged abdominal organs were present. The body condition score was poor and there was moderate muscle wasting. Thoracic and abdominal computed tomography images revealed severe diffuse enlargement of thoracic and abdominal lymph nodes, hepatomegaly and diffuse splenomegaly. A diffuse bronchial pattern with severe multifocal saccular bronchiectasis was identified in the lungs.

Diagnostic findings: Fungal organisms were seen within macrophages on cytological preparations and on histopathological sections of biopsies of the superficial cervical lymph node. Macrophages contained intracytoplasmic, non-filamentous round-to-ovoid organisms, which varied in size from 5–30?µm in diameter with variable morphology. Budding was not observed, and no hyphae were present. Fungal culture of lymph node tissue resulted in growth of Aspergillus (Phialosimplex) caninus which was confirmed by amplification and sequencing of a segment of the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer. Concurrent bacterial bronchitis was diagnosed on culture of broncho-alveolar fluid.

Diagnosis: Disseminated aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus caninus.

Clinical relevance: This is believed to be the first report of infection caused by A. caninus in a dog in Australasia. The dog was treated with itraconazole for 7 months and was still alive 7 months after the start of treatment.  相似文献   

13.
Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis in a dog   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis was diagnosed in a 9-year-old spayed dog that had a series of epileptic convulsions a day before death. About 6 weeks before her death, she had been treated for severe demodectic mange. During this period, persistent leukopenia, lymphocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia were found by blood analyses. At necropsy, multiple large pyogranulomatous lesions were found in the cerebrum and meninges. Dematiaceous fungi with brown, branching, septate hyphae and budding yeasts were found within tissue cells and in the necrotic areas.  相似文献   

14.
A 3‐year‐old female mixed‐breed dog was referred with a 2‐day history of serious dyspnea, coughing, lethargy, anorexia, and a low‐grade right anterior lameness. At presentation, the dog had an increased respiratory rate, dull heart and lung sounds, and cyanotic mucous membranes. It was hyperthermic and slightly dehydrated. Laboratory findings showed mild neutrophilia with a left shift, while serum biochemistry variables were in the normal range. However, urinalysis revealed mild proteinuria and rare erythrocytes and leukocytes on sediment examination. Thoracic radiographs showed a diffuse mixed interstitial and alveolar pattern with an air bronchogram, while appendicular radiographs showed a right humeral interrupted brush‐like periosteal reaction. Thoracic ultrasonography revealed mediastinal lymph node enlargement. Cytology from a fine‐needle aspirate of mediastinal lymph nodes revealed a pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis with numerous fungal hyphae. Culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar isolated dark fungal colonies with microscopic features consistent with Cladosporium spp. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region identified the fungus as a species of the Cladosporium cladosporioides‐complex.  相似文献   

15.
A 3‐year‐old dog weighing 8 kg was referred with a disorder of sexual development and persistent urinary incontinence before and after gonadohysterectomy performed at a local animal hospital. Histopathological examination disclosed hypoplasia of the testes, epididymis, pampiniform plexus, and uterus. On ultrasonography, an anomalous structure containing anechoic fluid was identified in the region dorsal to the urinary bladder. An anomalous communication between the proximal urethra and the remnant uterus and vagina was found on retrograde urethrography under fluoroscopy. Reflux of contrast medium into the anomalous structure, suspected to be the uterus and cranial vagina, from the urethra was detected. Computed tomography identified the anomalous structure between the rectum and urethra. The anomalous structure was removed via laparotomy and the urinary incontinence resolved. The diagnosis of XX sex reversal with a developmental anomaly of the genitourinary tract was made on the basis of laparotomy findings and cytogenetic and SRY gene analyses.  相似文献   

16.
A two‐year‐old Rottweiler presented for acute onset of a right hindlimb lameness 20 weeks after a cementless total hip replacement (THR) and 16 weeks after open reduction to address luxation of the THR. Radiographs revealed periosteal proliferation of the medial acetabulum and a stable implant. Synovial fluid cytology was consistent with inflammatory joint fluid. Treatment consisted of surgical debridement and intravenous and oral antibiotics. THR implants were not removed. Culture of tissue removed from the THR site yielded growth of Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus species. Lameness resolved 2 months after surgery. Twenty months after surgery, the dog was exercising normally with no clinical lameness and pelvic radiographs revealed no evidence of implant loosening and markedly decreased periosteal reaction. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of an infected THR site successfully treated without prosthesis explantation in the dog.  相似文献   

17.
A 2‐year, 7‐month‐old female Chihuahua was admitted for a mammary mass measuring one cm in diameter. The dog had a history of demodicosis for 4 months and showed signs of pseudopregnancy at the time of the visit. Cytologic examination of an aspirate of the mass revealed a large number of macrophages containing nonstaining bacterial rods, which were acid‐fast in a Ziehl–Neelsen stain, suggesting mycobacterial infection. Histologic examination of the mass revealed a pyogranulomatous mastitis characterized by an infiltration with macrophages containing acid‐fast bacteria. Mycobacterium kansasii was subsequently cultured and identified by PCR. Surgical excision of the mass resulted in the growth of other dermal masses, but antimycobacterial treatment with rifampin and clarithromycin resolved these masses within 1 month. Three months after discontinuation of the treatment, similar organisms were found in aspirates of the enlarged bilateral inguinal lymph nodes by cytologic examination. Despite antimycobacterial treatment for another 4 months, there was no improvement and demodicosis also recurred. The dog eventually died of lymphoma 5 months after the relapse of mycobacterial infection. Although M kansasii is considered an important pathogen for pulmonary and cutaneous disease in people, there is only one report in a dog with an infection in a pleural effusion. As both adult‐onset demodicosis in dogs as well as mycobacterial infection in people have been associated with T‐lymphocyte deficiency, the M kansasii infection in this dog may have been associated with a condition of immune compromise.  相似文献   

18.
This report describes severe generalized granulomatous lymphadenitis and splenitis in a 5-year-old, spayed female, Rottweiler dog with anorexia and diarrhea. There was replacement or effacement of much of the parenchyma of the lymph nodes and spleen by sheets of macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, and myriad nonpigmented fungal organisms, most of which appeared to be intracellular. These organisms were very pleomorphic, including large chlamydospore-like cells, small round yeast-like cells, and septate hyphae. A fungus identified as Monocillium indicum was isolated from lymph node tissue. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of infection with Monocillium in either humans or other animals.  相似文献   

19.
A 12-year-old female, neutered German shepherd dog developed progressive hindlimb followed by forelimb ataxia leading to tetraplegia. Neurological examination suggested lower motor dysfunction. Biochemical evaluation revealed a monoclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia, hypoalbuminaemia and hypercalcaemia. Multiple lytic lesions were identified radiographically in numerous bones. A bone marrow aspirate confirmed the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, with large numbers of plasma cells seen in clusters. An electromyogram revealed positive sharp waves and fibrillation potentials in the skeletal muscles of the limbs, suggesting a polyneuropathy. The dog was treated with chemotherapy using melphalan and prednisolone. Both the hypergammaglobulinaemia and the polyneuropathy resolved and the dog had normal motor function four weeks after commencing treatment. Polyneuropathy may occur as a paraneoplastic syndrome secondary to myeloma, and in this case was reversible following treatment of the underlying disease.  相似文献   

20.
The oomycete Pythium insidiosum is the pathogenic cause of pythiosis, a life-threatening disease that affects several animal species. Canines are the second most affected species, and the disease is characterized by the development of cutaneous and gastrointestinal lesions. While concomitant cutaneous and gastrointestinal lesions are rarely found in the same animal, this report documents a case of concurrent cutaneous and gastrointestinal pythiosis in an 18-month-old female Labrador. This dog had an ulcerative cutaneous lesion on the right thoracic region for 12 months that was unresponsive to itraconazole and terbinafine therapy. Two months prior to death and concurrent with the cutaneous lesion, the dog became anorexic with frequent vomiting and bloody stools. At necropsy, a cutaneous lesion that extended subcutaneously into the intercostal muscles was observed. Additionally, the large intestine contained two lesions that caused luminal narrowing. Organs were collected, routinely processed and stained using hematoxylin and eosin and Gomori methenamine silver. Histological examination of the lesions in the large intestine and on the skin revealed areas of necrosis surrounded by a pyogranulomatous infiltrate. Occasionally, black, septate, branching hyphae were detected following staining with Gomori methenamine silver. The diagnosis of pythiosis was confirmed using immunohistochemical methods. This report describes the occurrence of concomitant gastrointestinal and cutaneous lesions in a dog and highlights the therapeutic difficulties encountered with this disease.  相似文献   

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