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1.
The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of applying the 13C-octanoic acid breath test for assessment of gastric emptying in ponies by investigating the pattern of 13C enrichment in breath following the administration of a test meal +/- 13C-octanoic acid. After a 14 h fast, the ponies received either no meal (Test I) or a standardised test meal labelled with 0 mg (Test II), 125 mg (Test III), 250 mg (Test IV) or 500 mg (Test V) 13C-octanoic acid. For each test (I-V), exhaled breath samples were collected in duplicate at 1 h and immediately before ingestion of the test meal and at frequent intervals thereafter for 12 h. Breath samples were analysed by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Three indices of breath 13C-enrichment were computed; half dose recovery time (t1/2), gastric emptying coefficient (GEC) and time to peak breath 13C-enrichment t(max). For Tests I and II, the ratio of 13CO2:12CO2 remained stable for the duration of the sampling period. For Tests III, IV and V, an increase in the ratio of 13CO2:12CO2 was detected. The test was reproducible within individuals, and intersubject variation was low. Further validation studies of this noninvasive technique are justified.  相似文献   

2.
The aim of this study was to apply the(13)C-octanoic acid breath test for detection of alterations in the rate of solid-phase gastric emptying, induced by changes in test meal composition, in ponies. After a 14 hour fast the ponies (n = 4) ingested a test meal with 0, 35 or 70 ml soya oil, and labelled with 250 mg(13)C-octanoic acid. Each pony was given each of the three test meals on three separate occasions, in a randomised order. Exhaled breath samples were collected for 12 hours after ingestion of the test meal. Breath samples were analysed by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Three indices of breath(13)C-enrichment were computed, half-dose recovery time (t 1/2), gastric emptying coefficient (GEC) and time to peak breath(13)C-excretion t(max). The(13)C-octanoic acid breath test was a reliable means of assessing the significantly decreased rate of gastric emptying in the pony, associated with addition of soya oil to the test meal.  相似文献   

3.
This study aimed to establish and standardize a breath test that uses 13C-acetate in a liquid diet for evaluation of gastric emptying in horses. Seven adult healthy thoroughbreds were used in this study. They were given 13C-acetate (125 mg, 250 mg, or 500 mg) in a test meal (2000 ml liquid diet) via an intranasal catheter. 13C concentrations in the exhaled CO2 were measured in samples taken before and after test meal administration using an infrared absorption spectroscope. In the 500 mg 13C-acetate group, Delta13CO2 showed a steep gradient immediately after meal administration compared to the 125 mg and 250 mg groups. Therefore, t(max) in the 500 mg group was easier to determine than in the 125 mg and 250 mg groups. In the 500 mg group, GEC, half-empty time (t1/2), calculated t(max) (t(lag)), and t(max) were 1.95 +/- 0.28 (mean +/- SD), 229.2 +/- 57.0 (min), 139.2 +/- 22.2 (min), and 124.0 +/- 28.4, respectively. Differences in CV observed in the 500 mg group were lower than those in the 125 mg and 250 mg groups. This study demonstrates that the 13C-acetate breath test is useful for evaluating gastric emptying in horses since it is non-invasive and does not require set up of special facilities or equipment. Optimum evaluation of gastric emptying in horses can be achieved with 500 mg of 13C-acetate given in a liquid diet.  相似文献   

4.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the 13C-octanoic acid breath test for determining gastric emptying in dogs. ANIMALS: 6 healthy adult dogs. PROCEDURE: Food was withheld for 12 hours before each test. Expired air was collected 30 minutes and immediately before each test and at frequent intervals thereafter for 6 hours. Concentration of 13CO2 in expired air was determined by use of continuous-flow isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. Basal concentration of 13CO2 was measured in dogs that were not fed a test meal. Effects of the standard unlabeled test meal on basal concentration of 13CO2 were then assessed. The optimum dose of substrate was determined by measuring 13CO2 concentration after ingestion of the standard test meal containing 50 or 100 mg of 13C-octanoic acid, whereas effect of energy density of the test meal on gastric emptying was determined after ingestion of the standard or high-energy labeled test meal. Gastric emptying coefficient (GEC), time to peak 13CO2 concentration (tmax), and half-dose recovery time (t(1/2)) were calculated. RESULTS: Basal concentration of 13CO2 in expired air was not significantly affected by ingestion of the unlabeled test meal. However, 13CO2 concentration significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner after ingestion of the labeled meal. Gastric emptying coefficient, and were significantly different between dogs fed the standard and high-energy test meals, indicating that ingestion of a high-energy meal delays gastric emptying. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The 13C-octanoic acid breath test may be a useful noninvasive and nonradioactive method for assessment of gastric emptying in dogs.  相似文献   

5.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the rate of gastric emptying of a semisolid meal by use of the carbon 13-labeled octanoic acid breath test (13C-OBT) and gastric emptying ultrasonography (GEU) in dogs. ANIMALS: 10 healthy dogs. PROCEDURE: Food was withheld from dogs for 12 hours before ingestion of a test meal (bread, egg, and skimmed milk) containing 13C-octanoic acid. The gastric antrum was visualized by use of a 6.5-MHz microconvex transducer, and the area of the ellipse defined by the craniocaudal and ventrodorsal diameters of the stomach was measured. Samples of expired air and antral images were obtained 30 minutes before ingestion of the test meal and then every 15 minutes for 4 hours and every 30 minutes for a further 2 hours. The half-dose recovery time with the 13C-OBT (t1/2[BT]) and the gastric half emtying time with GEU (t50%[GEU]) was calculated. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD values for the t1/2(BT) and t50%(GEU) were 3.44 +/- 0.48 hours and 1.89 +/- 0.78 hours, respectively. A significant correlation was detected between the t1/2(BT) and t50%(GEU), although there was a large (1.55 hours) mean difference between these indices. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that there was a correlation between the rate of solid-phase gastric emptying assessed by use of GEU and the 13C-OBT in dogs. Gastric emptying ultrasonography may be a useful, noninvasive method for assessment of the rate of solid-phase gastric emptying in dogs.  相似文献   

6.
The aim of this study was to measure the effects of specific commonly used sedative protocols on equine solid phase gastric emptying rate, using the 13C-octanoic acid breath test (13C-OABT). The gastric emptying of a standard 13C-labelled test meal was measured once weekly in 8 mature horses over two 4 week treatment periods. Each horse acted as its own control. In treatment Period 1, saline (2 ml i.v.), xylazine (0.5 mg/kg i.v.), detomidine (0.01 mg/kg i.v.) or detomidine/butorphanol combination (0.01/0.02 mg/kg i.v.) was administered in randomised order after ingestion of the test meal. During treatment Period 2, test meal consumption was followed by saline, xylazine (1.0 mg/kg i.v.), or detomidine (0.03 mg/kg i.v.) administration, or preceded by acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg i.m.) in randomised order. The 13C:12C ratio of sequential expiratory breath samples was determined by isotope ratio mass spectrometry, and used to measure the gastric half-emptying time, t 1/2, and duration of the lag phase, t lag, for each of the 64 tests. In treatment Period 1, detomidine/butorphanol prolonged both t 1/2 and t lag with respect to xylazine 0.5 mg/kg and the saline control (P < 0.05). In Period 2, detomidine 0.03 mg/kg delayed each parameter with respect to saline, acepromazine and xylazine 1.0 mg/kg (P < 0.001). Xylazine 1.0 mg/kg also lengthened t lag relative to the saline control (P = 0.0004), but did not cause a significant change in t 1/2. Comparison of treatment periods showed that the inhibitory effect of detomidine on gastric emptying rate was dose related (P<0.05). These findings may have clinical significance for case selection when these agents are used for purposes of sedation and/or analgesia.  相似文献   

7.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Disordered gastric motility may be a significant factor in the pathogenesis of many equine conditions. Although tests for liquid phase emptying rate have been validated in the horse, there are no effective tests for solid phase emptying measurement that can be performed routinely in the field. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was the assessment of a novel stable isotope technique, the 13C-octane acid breath test (13C-OABT), for the measurement of gastric emptying of solid ingesta, by direct comparison with the optimum method of gastric scintigraphy. METHODS: To facilitate dual measurement of gastric emptying, a test meal was used containing baked egg yolk labelled with both 13C-octanoic acid and 99mtechnetium sulphur colloid. Simultaneous, serial lateral gastric scintigraphs and expiratory breath samples were obtained in 12 healthy horses after voluntary ingestion of the test meal. Analysis of breath 13CO2:12CO2 ratio was performed by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Power regression was used to determine the gastric emptying coefficient, the gastric half-emptying time (t 1/2) and duration of the lag phase (tlag). RESULTS: Significant correlations (P < 0.001) were found between the 2 techniques for measurement of both t 1/2 and tlag. In addition, scintigraphic left t 1/2 was correlated significantly to breath test gastric emptying coefficient (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the 13C-octanoic acid breath test is a reliable diagnostic procedure to measure gastric emptying rate of solids in the horse. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Being safe, noninvasive and easy to perform, this test has potential value as both sensitive diagnostic modality and humane research tool for motility studies.  相似文献   

8.
The 13C-octanoic acid breath test has been correlated significantly to radioscintigraphy for measurement of gastric emptying indices in healthy horses. The objective of this study was to investigate the validity of the test for measurement of equine delayed gastric emptying, prior to its potential clinical application for this purpose. A model of atropine-induced gastroparesis was used. Gastric emptying rate was measured twice in 8 horses using concurrent radioscintigraphy and/or breath test after treatment i.v. with either atropine (0.035 mg/kg bwt) or saline in randomised order. Analysis of both data sets demonstrated that the atropine treatment had caused a significant delay in gastric emptying rate. Paired breath test data showed an atropine-induced delay in gastric half-emptying time (t 1/2), with no overlap in the 99% CI range (P < 0.001). Significant correlations were found between scintigraphy and 13C-octanoic acid breath test for calculation of both t 1/2 (P < 0.01) and lag phase duration (P < 0.05) in the atropine-delayed emptying results. The mean (s.d.) bias in breath test t 1/2 when compared with scintigraphy was 1.78 (0.58) h. The results demonstrated that the 13C-octanoic acid breath test was an effective diagnostic modality for the measurement of equine delayed gastric emptying. The technique offers advantages to existing methods for clinical investigation, as it is noninvasive, not radioactive, quantitative and requires minimal equipment or training to perform.  相似文献   

9.
This study aimed to establish a standard dose and sample collection time for 13C phenylalanine and 13C-Dipeptide breath test in horses. To evaluate dose-dependent effects, healthy horses received 2.5 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg 13C phenylalanine dissolved in 1 ml/kg distilled water and 1.25 mg/kg, 2.5 mg/kg, and 5 mg/kg 13C dipeptide dissolved in 2 ml/ kg distilled water. Tmax was observed during the sample collection time. For 13C phenylalanine, the standard deviation of Cmax at 5 mg/kg was lower than that of 10 mg/kg. For 13C dipeptide, the standard deviation of Tmax was the lowest at 5 mg/kg. This study revealed that an optimal dose for breath tests with 13C phenylalanine and 13C dipeptide may be 5 mg/kg in horses.  相似文献   

10.
OBJECTIVE: To determine an optimal dose of carbon 13 ((13)C)-labeled aminopyrine for use in a (13)C-aminopyrine demethylation blood test in healthy dogs. ANIMALS: 9 adult dogs. PROCEDURES: Food was withheld from each dog for 12 hours. A 2-mL baseline blood sample was obtained from each dog and placed into an evacuated tube containing sodium heparin. Carbon 13-labeled aminopyrine was administered IV at doses of 1, 2, 5, or 10 mg/kg. Additional blood samples (2 mL) were obtained and placed into evacuated tubes containing sodium heparin 30, 45, 60, and 75 minutes after (13)C-aminopyrine administration. Hydrochloric acid was used to extract CO(2) from blood samples. The extracted gas was analyzed by fractional mass spectrometry to determine the percentage dose of (13)C administered as (13)C-aminopyrine and recovered in extracted gas (PCD). RESULTS: Gross evidence of clinical adverse effects was not detected in any dog after administration of (13)C-aminopyrine. The mean coefficient of variation (CV) for PCD was significantly lower than the mean CV for the summation of PCD values up to a given sampling time (CUMPCD). Mean PCD values among the 4 doses for each sample time were not significantly different. Administration of (13)C-aminopyrine at a dose of 2 mg/kg resulted in the lowest interindividual variability. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The PCD is superior to CUMPCD for the quantification of aminopyrine demethylation. Administration of (13)C-(13)C-aminopyrine at a dose of 2 mg/kg is appropriate for use in the (13)C-aminopyrine demethylation blood test in healthy dogs.  相似文献   

11.
OBJECTIVE: To measure plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) activity and the effect of a CCK-1 receptor antagonist on accommodation of the proximal portion of the stomach, and subsequent gastric emptying, in horses after ingestion of high-fat or high-carbohydrate meals. ANIMALS: 6 healthy adult horses with gastric cannulas. PROCEDURES: In the first study, horses were offered a high-fat (8% fat) or a high-carbohydrate (3% fat) pelleted meal of identical volume, caloric density, and protein content. Related plasma CCK-like activity was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). In a separate experiment, a horse was fed a grain meal with corn oil and phenylalanine, and plasma CCK activity was assessed by bioassay. A second study evaluated the effect of a CCK-1 receptor antagonist, devazepide (0.1 mg/kg, IV), on gastric accommodation and emptying following a meal of grain supplemented with either corn oil (12.3% fat) or an isocaloric amount of glucose (2.9% fat). Gastric tone was measured by a barostat and emptying by the (13)C-octanoic acid breath test. RESULTS: No plasma CCK-like activity was detected by RIA or bioassay before or after ingestion of meals. Preprandial devazepide did not alter the gastric accommodation response but did significantly shorten the gastric half-emptying time and time to peak breath (13)CO(2) content with the glucose-enriched meal. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In horses, CCK participates in regulating the gastric motor response to a meal. Compared with other species, horses may be more responsive to carbohydrate than fat. A vagovagal reflex most likely mediates this regulation, with CCK as a paracrine intermediary at the intestinal level.  相似文献   

12.
To investigate the impact of rumen microbial sequestration of VFA carbon on estimates of acetate availability based on intraruminal infusion of [2-(13)C] acetate, three nonlactating or low-yielding dairy cows were continuously intraruminally infused with [2-(13)C]acetate for 26 h. The 13C content of ruminal VFA, duodenal carbon, and fatty acids (FA) and AA isolated from liquid-associated ruminal microbes and duodenal DM was measured by an isotope ratio mass spectrometer interfaced to an elemental analyzer or a gas-liquid chromatograph. The ruminal gross production of acetate was 38 +/- 4 mol/d and could account for about 38% of the DE intake. Of the intraruminally infused 13C in [2-(13)C]acetate, 7.6 +/- 0.9% was recovered at the duodenum. The 13C content of ruminal propionate, butyrate, and valerate increased (P < 0.05) with intraruminal infusion of [2-(13)C]acetate. It was estimated that about 28% of the 13C intraruminally infused in [2-(13)C]acetate could be accounted for by duodenal 13C flow and absorption of non-acetate VFA. A number of FA isolated from liquid-associated ruminal microbes (C6, C12, C14, anteiso C15, and iso C15) were enriched with 13C (P < 0.05) at a level comparable to the enrichment of ruminal butyrate. Any absorption of these FA from the rumen would further contribute to non-acetate 13C uptake. A maximum of 72% of the ruminal gross production of acetate represented acetate absorption from the rumen in the present study. Consequently, previously used models using intraruminal isotope dilution techniques seem not to be appropriate for measuring acetate availability in ruminants. The number of metabolites exchanging carbon with acetate was found to be so high that assessments of the entire range of inter conversions seem to be practically impossible. Portal absorption studies are discussed as an alternative method of estimating VFA availability to the metabolism in ruminants.  相似文献   

13.
Twelve healthy dogs were used in an ultrasonographic assessment of the effect of the composition of a solid meal on the rate of gastric emptying. The dogs were fasted for nine hours before they were fed either a standard or a high energy density test meal, in a cross-over study design. The gastric antrum was visualised with a 6.5 MHz microconvex transducer, and the area inside the elliptical shape defined by the craniocaudal and ventrodorsal diameters of the stomach was measured. Antral images were acquired at regular intervals for six hours after the ingestion of the test meal. Three indices to describe the rate of gastric emptying were computed: the gastric half-emptying time (t1/2), the time to 50 per cent maximal antral area (t50%), and the time of maximal antral area (tmax). The values of t50% and t1/2 calculated for the high energy density meals were significantly longer than for the standard meals, but there was no significant difference between the tmax values.  相似文献   

14.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the kinetics of demethylation of 13C-aminopyrine in healthy dogs for use in determining the most appropriate time for collection of blood samples for a 13C-aminopyrine demethylation blood test for evaluation of hepatic function. ANIMALS: 9 healthy dogs. PROCEDURES: A 2-mL baseline blood sample was collected into an evacuated heparinized tube, and 13C-aminopyrine was administered to each dog (2 mg/kg, IV). Additional 2-mL blood samples were collected 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 180, 240, 300, and 360 minutes after 13C-aminopyrine administration. The CO2 was extracted from blood samples by addition of a strong acid, and the percentage dose of 13CO2 (PCD) in the extracted gas was determined by fractional mass spectrometry. RESULTS: No dogs had gross evidence of adverse effects, and all had an increase in PCD after IV administration of 13C-aminopyrine. The PCD had the least variability among 5 variables used to evaluate hepatic demethylating capacity. Peak PCD was detected at 30 minutes in 1 dog, 45 minutes in 5 dogs, 60 minutes in 2 dogs, and 75 minutes in 1 dog. The mean PCD for the 9 dogs peaked at 45 minutes after 13C-aminopyrine administration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: PCD appears to be the preferable variable for evaluation of hepatic demethylating capacity. Intravenous administration of 13C-aminopyrine leads to a consistent increase in PCD. Mean PCD peaked 45 minutes after administration, suggesting that blood sample collection 45 minutes after 13C-aminopyrine administration may be appropriate for use in estimating hepatic demethylating capacity.  相似文献   

15.
The pharmacokinetics of ibafloxacin, a new veterinary fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent, was studied following intravenous (i.v.) and oral administration to healthy dogs. The mean absolute bioavailability of ibafloxacin after oral doses of 7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg ranged from 69 to 81%, indicating that ibafloxacin was well absorbed by dogs. Ibafloxacin was also absorbed rapidly [time of maximum concentration (t(max)) 1.5 h], reaching a mean maximum concentration (C(max)) of 6 microg/mL at 15 mg/kg, well distributed in the body [large volume of distribution at steady state (V(ss)) and V(area) of 1.1 L/kg and 4 L/kg, respectively], and exhibited an elimination half-life of 5.2 h and a low total body clearance (8.7 mL/min/kg). Both C(max) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) showed dose proportionality over the dose range tested (7.5-30 mg/kg). The pharmacokinetics of ibafloxacin was similar following single and repeated dosage regimens, implying no significant accumulation in plasma. Food promoted the absorption of ibafloxacin by increasing C(max) and AUC, but did not change t(max). High amounts of the metabolites, mainly 8-hydroxy- and, 7-hydroxy-ibafloxacin were excreted in urine and faeces, either unchanged or as glucuronide conjugates. Following oral administration of 15 mg ibafloxacin/kg, the total recovery of ibafloxacin, its metabolites and conjugates in urine and faeces was 61.9-99.9% of the dose within 48 h.  相似文献   

16.
The 13C-octanoic acid breath test (OABT) may be a useful non-invasive method for assessing the rate of gastric emptying in dogs. The aim of this study was to determine whether an association exists between body size and rate of gastric emptying in dogs. Fifty-five dogs ranging from 6 to 39 kg were recruited and rate of gastric emptying was assessed using the OABT. The time to peak 13CO2 excretion (tmax) and half-dose recovery time (t1/2) were calculated. The OABT was simple to perform and well tolerated by the dogs. Mean (sd) tmax was 2.67 hours (0.6) and mean t1/2 was 3.38 hours (0.79). Inter-individual variation in the rate of gastric emptying was 23.3 per cent for t1/2 and 22.5 per cent for tmax. No association was detected between the rate of gastric emptying and body surface area, mass, age, sex or test operator. The OABT may be a useful non-invasive and non-radioactive test for assessment of the rate of gastric emptying in dogs in clinical practice.  相似文献   

17.
Research has shown that broiler chickens reared on a low-protein diet have a more efficient protein digestion. However, information on the fate of absorbed amino acids in relation to the dietary crude protein level in poultry is sparse. Therefore, this study aimed at developing a methodology for a 1-(13)C(1)-leucine breath test combined with indirect calorimetry, and to apply this technique using broiler diets known to induce differences in protein retention. From 14 days of age onwards, broiler chickens were reared on one of two isocaloric diets with substitutions between fat and protein [low-protein (LP) vs. high-protein (HP) diet: 130.4 vs. 269 g protein/kg; and 101.8 vs. 27.9 g fat/kg]. Every 4 or 5 days, three chickens per diet were placed in the respiratory cells for 48 h. The broilers were intubated with 40 mg 1-(13)C(1)-leucine/kg body weight, followed by breath sampling for 4 h at 15-min intervals and mass spectrometric analysis of the (13)C:(12)C ratio in the samples. The CO(2) level in the respiratory cell air was monitored and excreta samples were collected. The methodology to study l[1-(13)C(1)]leucine decarboxyation in chickens using a breath test combined with indirect calorimetry was accomplished. Results of the nitrogen balance test indicated that the LP broilers had an improved dietary protein retention compared with the HP animals. Moreover, LP chickens decarboxylated a significantly lower percentage of l[1-(13)C(1)]leucine, demonstrating several 'protein- or amino acid-sparing' mechanisms in animals reared on a diet with lower protein level, both at the digestive and at the postabsorptive level.  相似文献   

18.
Objective: To describe a case of SOMA intoxication in a dog. Case summary: A 13‐year‐old, 25 kg, female spayed Australian shepherd presented to the emergency service after ingestion of ten to fifteen 350 mg tablets of SOMA (carisoprodol), a muscle relaxant used for back pain in humans. Toxic effects of the drug in this dog included mild sinus tachycardia, respiratory depression, seizures, and ataxia. The dog's mentation progressively deteriorated from depressed to comatose within 1 hour after admission. Treatment on initial presentation consisted of induction of emesis while the dog still had a gag reflex, administration of activated charcoal, oxygen therapy, and supportive care. The dog was discharged to the owner prior to full recovery (4 days later). New or unique information provided: This is the first known report of carisoprodol intoxication in the dog.  相似文献   

19.
Breath H2 was measured for the assessment of intestinal carbohydrate absorption in healthy, fasted dogs before and after the ingestion of carbohydrate test meals. The dogs were fed lactulose, xylose, glucose, a hypoallergenic diet, or the hypoallergenic diet supplemented with rice, corn, or wheat flour. Breath samples for H2 analysis were collected by an interval-sampling technique during tidal breathing and were analyzed by thermal conductivity gas chromatography. Pulmonary H2 excretion in fasted dogs never exceeded 1 part per million (molecules of H2 per 10(6) molecules of air). Breath H2 excretion after the ingestion of 12.5 g of glucose, a completely absorbed monosaccharide, was not significantly different (P greater than 0.05) from that during fasting; however, ingestion of 12.5 g of xylose, an incompletely absorbed pentose, significantly increased (P less than 0.001) breath H2 excretion. After ingestion of 12.5, 25, or 50 g of lactulose, a nonabsorbable disaccharide, pulmonary H2 excretion increased significantly (P less than 0.001) over fasting amounts and the increases were different (P less than 0.001) from one another. Increases in breath H2 excretion correlated (r = 0.97) with increases in lactulose dose. Breath H2 excretion after the ingestion of the hypoallergenic diet did not significantly (P greater than 0.05) differ from that after fasting. The addition of rice flour to this diet did not significantly (P greater than 0.05) increase H2 production. However, the addition of wheat or corn flour to this diet significantly (P less than 0.001) increased breath H2 excretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

20.
OBJECTIVE: To develop a noninvasive method to detect disaccharide malabsorption in dogs by measuring hydrogen concentration ([H2]) in exhaled breath before and after experimentally induced disaccharide malabsorption. ANIMALS: 8 healthy mixed-breed dogs. PROCEDURE: [H2] was measured every 30 minutes for 8 hours after administration of disaccharide solutions (lactose, 0.5 g/kg of body weight; lactose, 1.0 g/kg; sucrose, 2.0 g/kg; maltose, 1.5 g/kg; and lactose [0.5 g/kg] and sucrose [2.0 g/kg]) to determine reference ranges of [H2] for each solution, which were compared with [H2] in dogs with experimentally induced disaccharide malabsorption. To induce disaccharide malabsorption, dogs were given a mild overdose of lactose (1.5 g/kg) or a disaccharidase inhibitor. In the latter experiment, acarbose (10 mg/kg, PO) was given with the combination of lactose (0.5 g/kg) and sucrose (2 g/kg), and with maltose (1.5 g/kg). RESULTS: Overdosing with lactose resulted in [H2] persistently outside the reference range for lactose in 5 of 8 dogs. Acarbose administration resulted in [H2] persistently outside the reference range in 7 of 8 dogs that received a combination of sucrose and lactose but did not consistently affect [H2] after administration of maltose. CONCLUSIONS: Disaccharide malabsorption resulted in [H2] outside the reference ranges in most of the adult dogs studied, suggesting that the technique may be useful in detecting naturally occurring disaccharidase deficiency.  相似文献   

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