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草莓品种‘红颜’和‘丰香’果实营养成分初步分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《南方农业》2014,(16)
对四川省双流县的草莓试验品种‘红颜’(代号2008-2)和主栽品种‘丰香’85%~95%着色率的果实进行主要营养成分和17种氨基酸含量检测。结果表明,红颜的可溶性固形物、总糖和维生素C含量高于丰香,氨基酸总量及11种氨基酸含量低于丰香。 相似文献
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Celil Toplu Veli Uygur Mustafa Kaplankıran T. Hakan Demirkeser Ercan Yıldız 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):1329-1340
Citrus performance is strongly related with rootstock. This study was conducted to investigate leaf nutrient contents of ‘Okitsu’, ‘Clausellina’ and ‘Silverhill’ mandarin cultivars budded onto sour orange, ‘Carrizo’ and ‘Troyer’ citrange rootstocks in Dörtyol, Turkey in 2004 and 2005. The maximum nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and copper (Cu) contents were determined for ‘Clausellina’; phosphorus (P) for ‘Okitsu’; and sodium (Na) for ‘Silverhill’. Calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) uptake were similar for the mandarin cultivars. ‘Carrizo’ citrange at N, K, Mg, Mn, and Cu uptake; ‘Troyer’ citrange at N, P, K, and Fe uptake; and common sour orange at Ca, Zn, and Na uptake was superior on the other rootstocks. It was observed that ‘Carrizo’ and ‘Troyer’ citrange rootstocks had advantages over sour orange in nutrient uptake. Thus, growth performance, yield, and quality parameters considered, ‘Carrizo’ and/or ‘Troyer’ citranges could be suggested as rootstocks for the studied mandarin cultivars under similar ecological conditions. 相似文献
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《南方农业》2014,(7)
2001—2004年,在重庆市潼南县进行了丘陵旱地1~5台土"果树//大豆"间套作大区对比适应性试验研究,结果表明,大豆新品种(系)‘9769’和‘9753’的农艺性状表现明显优于对照(渝豆1号),随丘陵旱地台位升高,各品种产量都陆续下降,以‘9769’降低幅度最低。1~2台土,‘9753’表现最优,第3台土‘9753’表现略优于‘9769’,667 m2产量差异小,4~5台土‘9769’跃居第1,表现最优。这2个优良新品种(系)从2005年开始在潼南县陆续示范推广,2013年达到年种植‘9769’1540 hm2、‘9753’2160 hm2的规模。适宜净作、间套作(含"果树//大豆"、"麦//玉+豆//苕"、"菜//玉+豆//苕"、"麦//玉+豆"、"玉+豆//苕"、"麦—豆//苕"、"油菜—豆//苕"等熟制)。 相似文献
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During the period 1977–1980 we studied the effects of highly acidic precipitation (mean pH 4.1 to 4.2) on the chemistry of three Adirondack lakes: Woods Lake, Panther Lake, and Sagamore Lake. Two of these lakes (Woods and Panther) are enough like those lakes of southern Sweden and Norway studied by Henriksen that they should constitute a valid test of his ‘acidification indicator’ and ‘predictor homograph’. In our comparison we used data from weekly samples taken near the surface of the lakes during unstratified summer and fall conditions over a 3 yr period. The acidification indicator and predictor nomograph were developed using data from lake samples taken under similar conditions in Scandinavia. Our principal finding is that with regard to the empirical line of the acidification indicator (that Henriksen found separated data from lakes receiving precipitation greater or less than pH 4.6) and with the precipitation pH axis of the predictor nomograph, these two methods of evaluation are not directly applicable ‘as is’ to our lakes. The reason for this is that the chemistry of precipitation in the Adirondacks is significantly different from (and for) which the acidification indicator and predictor nomograph were developed. In the Adirondacks, acids other than H2SO4 play a much greater role in the overall acidity of the precipitation. This causes relationships between precipitation pH and lake chemistry in the two regions to be different. 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(19-20):3061-3076
Seasonal changes in nutrient concentrations of leaf and fruit structural parts (rind and pulp) from ‘Newhall’ (Citrus. sinensis Osbeck) and ‘Skagg's Bonanza’ (C. sinensis Osbeck) navel oranges were investigated during fruit development in two successive years. Leaf calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), and potassium (K) concentrations were relatively constant throughout the whole season with the exception of an increase of K at stage 1, the period of fruitlet growth [before 80 days after full bloom (DAFB)], whereas the magnesium (Mg), boron (B), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) concentrations declined distinctly during stage 2 (80–180 DAFB), the period of fruit rapid enlargement. In rind, Ca, B, Fe, and Mn concentrations reached the greatest levels at stage 2, different from K and Mg, which increased at stage 1 and decreased thereafter. In pulp, concentrations of Ca, K, Mg, and Mn declined gradually with time, whereas a small rise in B toward the end of sampling and a clear increase of Fe at stage 2 were observed. It was suggested that ‘Newhall’ required greater B inherently in fruits as the cultivar had greater B concentrations in fruit parts and had greater rind/leaf B concentration ratios than ‘Skagg's Bonanza.’ ‘Newhall’ had relatively greater rind Ca content and exhibited Ca distribution more uniformly within its fruit parts, which probably enhanced the crack resistance. 相似文献
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以‘金太阳’和‘凯特’杏1年生枝条为试验材料,在4℃条件下的进行低温处理以打破休眠,然后将枝条放入组织培养室中培养,统计萌芽率。结果表明:当低温累积时数达到640小时,‘金太阳’和‘凯特’杏萌芽率均达到55.5%,解除休眠。 相似文献
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To explore the possibility that saline wastewaters may be used to grow commercially acceptable floriculture crops, a study was initiated to determine the effects of salinity on two pollen-free cultivars of ornamental sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). ‘Moonbright’ and ‘Sunbeam’ were grown in greenhouse sand cultures irrigated with waters prepared to simulate wastewaters commonly present in two inland valley regions of California: 1) San Joaquin Valley (SJV) where saline-sodic drainage waters are dominated by sodium (Na+) and sulfate (SO 2? 4 ) and 2) Coachella Valley (CV) where major ions in tailwaters are Na+, chloride (Cl?), SO 2? 4 , magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), predominating in that order. Ten-day-old seedlings were subjected to five salinity treatments of each water composition, each replicated three times. Electrical conductivities (EC) of the irrigation waters were 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20 dS·m?1. Flowering stems were harvested when about 75% of the ray flowers were nearly horizontal. Stem length and fresh weight, flower and stem diameter were measured. Mineral ion concentrations in upper and lower stems, upper and lower leaves were determined. Sodium was excluded from the young tissues in the upper portions of the shoot and retained in the basal stem tissue. Inasmuch as sunflower is also a strong potassium (K)-accumulator, K+/Na+ selectivity coefficients were unusually high in the younger shoot organs. Despite a five-fold increase in substrate Ca2+ in both solutions, shoot-Ca decreased as salinity increased and this cation was retained in the older leaves. A few of the lower leaves of plants irrigated with ICV waters at EC = 10 dS·m?1 and higher, exhibited necrotic margins which were undoubtedly caused by high concentrations of Cl? in the tissues. Flowering stems produced in all treatments met florist quality standards in terms of diameters for stems (0.5 to 1.5 cm) and blooms (8 to 15 cm). Across treatments, stem lengths ranged from 60 to 175 cm. Both ornamental sunflower cultivars proved to be good candidates for production of marketable flowering stems using moderately saline wastewaters. 相似文献
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Anna Assimakopoulou Charikleia Tsougrianis Kalomira Elena Constantinos Fasseas George Karabourniotis 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):1486-1497
A severe physiological disorder of ‘Clementine’ mandarins in the Assini area of Argolis, Southestern Greece, was investigated for two successive years. Irregular-shaped necrotic spots were observed on the rinds of mandarins, mainly at the fruit stylar-ends, from the color break till harvest time. In order to investigate the possible correlation between the disorder and the inorganic nutrition of the fruit, spotted and symptomless mandarin rinds, in four commercial orchards were chemically analyzed. The relationship between fruit inorganic nutrition and the disorder symptoms were not consistent. Using Electron Scanning Microscopy, invisible cracks were observed at the cuticle and the external strata of the spotted rind whereas oil glands remained intact. Considering the results of chemical analyses, microscopic observations, as well as, the information given by the growers, this physiological disorder should be attributed to sudden changes of climatic conditions and not to nutritional imbalance. 相似文献
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Jared Barnes Brian Whipker Ingram McCall Jonathan Frantz 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(13):1950-1957
‘Bouquet Purple’ pinks (Dianthus sp.) were grown in silica-sand culture to induce and photograph symptoms of nutritional disorders. Plants received a complete modified Hoagland's all-nitrate (NO3) solution. Nutrient-deficient treatments were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients, and a boron (B)-toxicity treatment was induced by increasing B 10-fold in the complete nutrient formula. Plants were monitored daily to document sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders and corresponding tissue concentrations were determined. All treatments exhibited deficiency symptomology. Disorders for nitrogen (N), iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), and sulfur (S) were the first to manifest in pinks. Unique symptomology was observed for plants grown under potassium- (K), B-, copper- (Cu), and molybdenum- (Mo) deficient conditions, which supported the need for a species-specific approach when characterizing nutrient disorders of floriculture crops. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fertilizer and irrigation application methods on plant quality of Dianthus ‘Telstar? White’ and ‘Telstar? Red’ grown in the greenhouse. Fertilizer treatments of 0, 10, and 20 g of 16 nitrogen (N)-3.9 phosphorus (P)-10 potassium (K) controlled release fertilizer were topdressed or incorporated. Pots were drip irrigated or hand watered. Irrigation interacted with treatment (P = 0.037) and irrigation interacted with cultivar (P = 0.013) for plant survival. Plant survival was greater for both irrigation treatments using 10 g of fertilizer incorporated. Fewer ‘Telstar? Red’ plants survived with hand irrigation than drip irrigation. ‘Telstar? White’ plants averaged 53% survival regardless of irrigation method. For all treatments drip irrigated plants had greater height, width, and number of flowers than hand watered plants. For fall greenhouse production of dianthus, irrigation and fertilizer application method, cultivar, as well as leaching fraction should be considered. 相似文献
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In southern Jiangxi province of China, ‘Newhall’(Citrus sinensis Osbeck) navel orange presented a conspicuous symptom of boron (B) deficiency in mature leaves, whereas B deficiency symptoms were not manifested on ‘Skagg's Bonanza’(C. sinensis Osbeck) navel orange. In this study, changes in concentrations of B, calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) were comparatively investigated in the structural parts of the fruit (rind and pulp) and leaves (old leaves from last season and spring-flush leaves from current year) of ‘Newhall’ and ‘Skagg's Bonanza’ navel orange during the growing season. Two peaks of B concentrations were observed in the rind of the two cultivars during fruitlet growth and fruit enlargement, respectively. Boron concentrations were relatively high in the rind during fruitlet growth, and then decreased in both rind and pulp, whereas, during middle and late fruit enlargement significant increases were found for B in both rind and pulp of the two cultivars. Boron concentrations in old leaves of ‘Newhall’ decreased progressively and remained relatively low, whereas that of ‘Skagg's Bonanza’ was relatively high and changed slightly as the season progresses. Both Ca and K concentrations were above the critical threshold values, while their dynamics were reverse to that of B in fruit and leaves during certain times. Old leaf Mg concentrations of samples at 140 days after full bloom from the two cultivars and spring-flush leaves from ‘Newhall’ were below the threshold limit for sufficiency. In addition, Mg in old leaves was much lower from ‘Newhall’ than from ‘Skagg's Bonanza’. Spring-flush leaf concentrations of Mn and Zn and Mn concentrations in old leaves from ‘Newhall’ were relatively lacking during middle and late season, which accelerated the occurrence of B deficiency symptoms on mature leaves of ‘Newhall.’ 相似文献
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Mohammad E. Amiri Esmaeil Fallahi Masumeh Safi-Songhorabad 《Journal of plant nutrition》2014,37(1):16-29
Influence of four rootstocks (M.9, MM.106, MM.111, and local seedling) on the scion leaf and fruit mineral concentrations, tree growth, yield and fruit quality attributes of ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Royal Gala’ apples during four seasons (2008–2011) were significant. The mechanisms behind the influence of rootstock on scion vigor and yield was that the rootstock brought about its effects upon the scion by influencing the amounts of minerals taken up and translocated to the scion. ‘Royal Gala’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ trees on seedling had the highest efficiency in calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) uptake. Whereas, trees of these cultivars on M.9 were more efficient in nitrogen (N), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) uptake. MM.106 had the highest efficiency in phosphorous (P) uptake, and M.9 had the lowest K and Ca uptake. The highest N- fruit concentration and the lowest Ca-fruit concentration were observed in cultivars on M.9. 相似文献
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Shipra Singh Anita Pandey Bhaskar Chaurasia Lok Man S. Palni 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2008,44(3):491-500
The colonization and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with the rhizosphere of tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] growing under ‘natural’ as well as ‘cultivated’ conditions in the Kumaun region of Uttaranchal Himalaya (India),
during the periods of active growth and dormancy were investigated. Root and rhizosphere soil samples, collected from both
the ecosites (natural and cultivated), were monitored for root colonization. While the percent root colonization was quite
high (77.66 ± 4.40 and 86.40 ± 3.02%, in the natural and cultivated tea, respectively) during the period of active growth
in both the ecosites, relatively higher colonization (97.33 ± 0.78 and 98.13 ± 0.80%, in the natural and cultivated tea, respectively)
was recorded during the period of dormancy. The rhizosphere of cultivated tea bushes was found to be dominated by Glomus morhpotypes (88.89% of the total isolates) along with three morphotypes of Acaulospora; occurrence of 35 morphotypes belonging to four genera viz. Acaulospora (11.43%), Gigaspora (11.43%), Glomus (68.57%) and Scutellospora (8.57%) was recorded in the rhizosphere of tea plants from the natural ecosite. A total of 51 AMF morphotypes were detected.
Shannon–Weaver index of diversity was higher (1.80 ± 0.13 and 2.05 ± 0.10 during periods of active growth and dormancy, respectively)
at the species level for the natural ecosite over its counterparts from the cultivated ecosite. Values for the diversity indices
of natural and cultivated ecosites did not show much variation in the period of dormancy. These data suggest that collectively,
various cultural practices negatively affect AMF diversity at the genus level in tea plantations of the colder regions. 相似文献
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Current knowledge concerning ‘decomposer’ Basidiomycota in Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems is based on two sources: (a) collections and surveys of basidiomata, which have resulted in high-quality catalogues of species, although much of the species’ distribution and ecology are tentative and (b) isolations from soils and plant litter which typically result in a “low incidence of basidiomycetes” [Dowding, P., Widden, P., 1974. Some relations between fungi and their environment in tundra regions. In: Holding, A.J., Heal, O.W., MacLean Jr., S.F., Flanagan, P.W. (Eds.), Soil Organisms and Decomposition in Tundra. Tundra Biome Steering Committee, Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 123–150], probably because of selectivity in isolation methods. In the few molecular studies carried out in Arctic and Antarctic soils to date, basidiomycetes, particularly yeasts, have been found. These techniques should give better estimates of the order of magnitude of fungal species richness in Arctic and Antarctic soils, although caution should be used concerning primer choice and amplification conditions. From collections in Arctic regions, species of basidiomycetes appear to be circumpolar in distribution with restricted endemism. Using culture-independent methods, it should be possible to test whether selected Arctic or Antarctic species are truly cosmopolitan, circumpolar, endemic, or are cryptic phylogenetic species.Particularly in Arctic ecosystems, potential ‘decomposer’ fungi in soils and roots may be from phylogenetically diverse taxa, and currently it is unclear whether ‘decomposer’ basidiomycetes are the fungi undertaking the majority of organic matter decomposition in Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems. For example, in some recent studies, wood decomposition in cold Arctic and Antarctic sites appears to proceed via ‘soft rot’ by anamorphic ascomycetes (e.g. Cadophora species), rather than by ‘white rot’ or ‘brown rot’ basidiomycete species. Additionally, it appears basidiomycetes and ascomycetes as ericoid and ectomycorrhizal fungi have the potential to be involved directly in decomposition.Given that profound changes are likely to occur in patterns of vegetation (Arctic and Antarctic) and size of soil carbon (C) pools (particularly in the Arctic) by the end of this century, it is necessary to know more about which species of ‘decomposer’ basidiomycetes are present and to try to define their potentially pivotal roles in ecosystem C (and N) cycling. One solution to characterise further the identity and roles of these fungi in a logical way, is to standardise methods of detection and ‘function’ at networks of sites, including along latitudinal gradients. Results of functional tests should be related to community structure, at least for ‘key’ species. 相似文献