共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
烟草疫霉菌游动孢子接种剑麻方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国麻业》2016,(1)
为更准确鉴定剑麻对斑马纹病的抗病性,以不同的培养方法对剑麻斑马纹病病原菌-烟草疫霉菌产孢的效果进行了比较,并研究了游动孢子接种剑麻斑马纹病的方法。试验结果表明:菌丝块-水培法产生孢子囊及游动孢子,速度最快,数量最多,且方法简单,是最佳的培养方法;刺伤-棉花保湿法接种剑麻叶片,操作简单方便,接种成功率高,是利用游动孢子接种剑麻斑马纹病的最好方法。 相似文献
2.
花生网斑病（peanut web blotch），由花生亚隔孢壳菌（Didymella arachidicola）引起，病原菌又称花生茎点霉（Phoma arachidicola）或派伦霉（Peyronella arachidicola），在我国南北的各大花生产区均有发生，已成为生产上严重的叶部病害。为筛选产孢效率高、致病力强的菌株，研究病原菌进化机制和环境适应性，从来自不同地区的花生网斑病叶片样本中分离病原菌菌株，研究分生孢子及致病力差异。结果表明，18个菌株中YY187的产孢时间最短，22℃黑暗条件下燕麦琼脂培养基培养7 d即可产孢；菌株YY187和NY206产生的分生孢子器数量显著多于其它菌株；采用孢子悬浮液接种花生叶片，供试所有菌株均可造成叶片发病，其中菌株LY128和YY187在供试18个菌株中致病力相对较强。因此，综合评价产孢效率更高、致病力更强的本地菌株YY187适合作为花生抗网斑病研究的材料。 相似文献
3.
大豆灰斑病菌生长和产孢高效培养方法探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确大豆灰斑病菌菌丝生长和产孢的有效方法,探讨了V8培养基组分中V8蔬菜汁和碳酸钙含量对大豆灰斑病菌菌丝生长速率和产孢量的影响及最佳组分配比。利用5种不同浓度V8蔬菜汁和5种浓度碳酸钙组成25种不同组分处理,以广泛使用的PDA培养基为对照培养基,接种大豆灰斑病7号生理小种进行暗培养,每2 d测量其菌落生长情况和产孢子量并进行对比分析。结果表明:25种不同组分V8培养基的菌落直径、生长速率、生长面积及产孢子量均大于PDA培养基的菌落。V8培养基菌落直径生长最快为3.47 mm·d^-1;孢子产量最多达每皿9.87×106个。培养第5天时,病原菌的生长活力最大。最适宜培养时间为11~13 d,其产孢量达到高峰。培养基组合A4b4碳酸钙含量为1.5 g·L^-1、V8蔬菜汁浓度为15%时,最适合菌落直径生长,菌落生长面积最大。培养基组合A4b3碳酸钙含量为1.5 g·L^-1、V8蔬菜汁浓度为12%时,产孢子量最多。 相似文献
4.
拮抗细菌Bacillus subtilis B5423-R 抑制水稻纹枯病的阈值群体数量 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
在菲律宾国际水稻研究所实验农场田间条件下，通过人工接种Rhizoctonia solani,采用不同的方法(喷雾次数、间隔期)喷雾B5423-R（B5423的标记菌株，为利福平Rifampicin抗性的突变体），在接种1 d后，采用2 d喷1次、连续3～4次喷雾的方法，使B5423 R在稻株上的群体数量在6～7 d内维持在1×10[sup]6[/sup]cfu/g以上，在25 d内显著地降低相对病斑高率；而采用5 d喷1次、连续3～4次喷雾的方法，B5423-R在稻株上的群体数量在15 d内维持在1×10[sup]5[/sup]～106cfu/g，在25 d内相对病斑高率未能显著降低。表明在纹枯病侵染早期的6～7 d内，在稻株上B5423 R维持在1×10[sup]6[/sup]cfu/g以上是抑制纹枯病的阈值群体数量。 相似文献
5.
大豆疫霉菌引起的大豆疫病是大豆上危害严重的毁灭性病害之一.采用经典遗传学方法研究大豆疫霉菌单孢后代的菌丝生长速率、菌落形态、产孢量以及同宗配合性状的遗传变异,以期为有效控制大豆疫病的发展和蔓延奠定基础.结果表明,菌落形态、生长速率和同宗配合性状在单孢后代可稳定遗传,控制上述性状的遗传因子是纯合的;大豆疫霉菌的游动孢子产生能力在单孢后代发生连续性变异,表明这种性状可能是数量遗传性状,也可能控制这种性状的基因为杂合基因或细胞质遗传因子.研究结果初步揭示了大豆疫霉的遗传特征、遗传多样性及多样性产生的遗传学基础. 相似文献
6.
荔枝霜疫霉的生物学特性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过不同培养基和培养条件的筛选,研究荔枝霜疫霉的生物学特性及病菌侵染的超微形态特征.结果表明,该菌的孢囊梗属于多级有限生长,其孢子囊萌发后形成多种真菌形态,如游动孢子、芽管、孢囊梗及次生孢子囊:芽孔位于孢子囊一端、两端或四周,在1个芽孔处可萌发1根、2根或多根芽管,位于基部的芽孔萌发能力较强.该菌培养35 d后可产生厚垣孢子.培养45 d可产生大量的卵孢子,菌龄为10 d时产生孢子囊的萌发率最高.温度为16～24℃时孢子囊萌发形成游动孢子,在26℃以上萌发形成芽管.该菌在PDA培养基上的产孢量最高,在燕麦培养基上的生长速度最快.生长的最适pH值为6～8.超微形态研究结果表明,该菌可通过孢子囊及游动孢子从荔枝果皮的嵴点裂缝处与皮孔处侵入,并在果皮内扩展,直到荔枝的内果皮.试验结果加深了对该病菌的了解,为进一步了解该病的发生危害提供了理论依据. 相似文献
7.
陕西省花生网斑病病原菌的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
陕西省花生网斑病是花生茎点霉(Phoma arachidicola Marasas,Pauer ＆ Boerema)所致病害。在自然寄主上,该病菌的分生孢子以双胞为主(96.6％),少数三胞(1.9％)、单胞(1％)和四胞(0.5％)。在人工培养基上,单胞分离的单、双胞菌系,其所产生的分生胞子均以单胞为主,极少数是双胞。诱发产孢以使用燕麦琼脂培养基,辅以近紫外光照射效果最佳,人工接种,单孢菌系都产生同样的网斑症状而且产生的分生孢子以双胞为主。电镜观察表明其产孢方式为内壁芽生瓶体式,分生孢子是次生分隔。 相似文献
8.
紫外线对大豆疫霉菌的诱导变异作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确紫外线对大豆疫霉菌的诱导突变作用,研究了紫外线诱变的突变菌株的菌落形态、菌丝生长速率、菌丝形态、卵孢子形态、产孢能力、同宗配合能力、致病力和抗药性的变异情况.结果表明,大豆疫霉菌突变菌株菌落形态、菌丝生长速率、菌丝和卵孢子形态以及同宗配合能力都发生显著变异,游动孢子产孢量和致病性明显降低.虽未发现对甲霜灵产生抗性的突变菌株,但出现了对甲霜灵敏感性增强的突变菌株.说明紫外线辐射可导致大豆疫霉菌控制生物学性状和致病性的基因发生变异,紫外线可能是引致大豆疫霉菌变异的因素之一. 相似文献
9.
玉米灰斑病菌产孢特性的初步研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用玉米叶粉碳酸钙琼脂培养基(MLPCA)和高粱粒培养基,通过基质含量、培养基类别以及温度和光照条件不同处理,对玉米灰斑病菌产孢特性研究结果表明:(1)玉米叶粉含量相同时,病菌在CaCO3含量为1.5 g培养基上产孢量最高,表明玉米叶粉和CaCO3含量比为10∶1的玉米叶粉碳酸钙琼脂培养基为最佳产孢培养基;在CaCO3含量相同时,病菌在玉米叶粉含量为24 g的培养基上产孢量最高,产孢量与玉米叶粉含量成正比;(2)在高粱粒培养基上病菌只产生菌丝体和分生孢子梗,而不产生分生孢子,可能是由于基质营养含量较高、水分较少而仅利于病菌营养生长所致.(3)病菌在玉米叶粉碳酸钙琼脂培养基上适宜培养时间为5～7 d,产生分生孢子量达到高峰. 相似文献
10.
为探讨真菌诱导子与龙眼胚性愈伤组织中类黄酮、类胡萝卜素和单宁含量的相关性,以龙眼胚性愈伤组织细胞为材料,研究真菌诱导子种类、浓度及处理天数对龙眼愈伤组织细胞中类黄酮、类胡萝卜素和单宁含量的影响。结果表明：在固体培养基中加入 100 mg/L 拟茎点霉菌诱导子培养 35 d 时,最有利于类黄酮含量的积累,含量高达 8.58 mg/g;拟茎点霉菌诱导子浓度为 50 mg/L 时培养 35 d,最有利于类胡萝卜素含量的积累,其含量为36.83 μg/g;胶孢镰刀菌诱导子浓度为 50 mg/L 时的培养基中培养 35 d,最有利于单宁含量的积累,其含量为10.50 mg/g。液体悬浮培养条件下,胶孢镰刀菌诱导子浓度为 400 mg/L 的培养基中培养 7 d,最有利于类黄酮含量的积累,其含量为 6.29 mg/g;尖孢镰刀菌诱导子浓度为 200 mg/L 的培养基中培养 7 d,最有利于类胡萝卜素含量的积累,其含量为 49.21 μg/g;胶孢镰刀菌诱导子浓度为 400 mg/L 的培养基中培养 7 d,最有利于单宁含量的积累,其含量为 13.15 mg/g。本研究为将来龙眼胚性愈伤组织细胞工厂化生产类黄酮、类胡萝卜素和单宁等次生代谢物质奠定理论基础并提供技术指导。 相似文献
11.
针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。 相似文献
12.
Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
13.
以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。 相似文献
14.
15.
通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
16.
1 吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切 相似文献
17.
Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods. 相似文献
18.
M. D. Harrison Gestur Johnson R. D. Barmington 《American Journal of Potato Research》1970,47(10):386-393
A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly. 相似文献
19.
P. Mésochina W. Martin-Rosset † J.-L. Peyraud ‡ P. Duncan § D. Micol† S. Boulot¶ 《Grass and Forage Science》1998,53(2):189-196
Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R2= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r2= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r2= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r2= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands. 相似文献
20.
橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。 相似文献