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1.
选用24头体重(683.1±14.9)kg、胎次(2.5±0.2)、上一泌乳期305 d产奶量(7339±18)kg和预产期(24.5±0.2)d的经产奶牛,随机分为4组,从分娩前19 d开始分别在基础日粮中添加丙二醇0、150、300、450 mL/d,研究丙二醇对围产期奶牛氮平衡和尿中3-甲基组氨酸(3-MH)的影响。结果表明:各组奶牛分娩后第7、21、35天沉积氮逐渐增加(P<0.05),但均显著低于分娩前第21和第14天(P<0.05)。而奶牛分娩后第7、21、35天尿中3-MH逐渐增加(P<0.05),均显著高于分娩前第21和14天。分娩前第21天各组奶牛沉积氮和尿中3-MH没有显著差异(P>0.05),日粮添加丙二醇显著提高了奶牛分娩前第14天的沉积氮;与对照组相比,添加丙二醇300、450 mL/d显著提高了奶牛分娩后第7、21天和35天的沉积氮(P<0.05),显著降低了分娩前第14天和产后第7、21、35天尿中3-MH(P<0.05)。本试验结果表明,在日粮中添加丙二醇有益于改善围产期奶牛氮平衡和降低体蛋白质分解代谢,适宜添加量为300 mL/d。 相似文献
2.
黑白花奶牛体温变化与发情及排卵关系的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选择30头健康、发情正常的青年母牛,对情期中的体温变化规律作了初步的研究:牛体温不受牛舍内环境温度的影响而保持相对恒定,比较发情时与发情前2天及发情后2天的体温,发现牛体温在发情时升高0.53±0.29℃和0.48±0.29℃;结合直肠检查,摸索排卵时体温变化,发现排卵时体温突然下降0.22±0.13℃。本研究的意义在于可以将牛体温变化作为一种辅助手段,鉴定发情、推测排卵时间,为人工授精及其它工作提供参考。 相似文献
3.
通过对5头体细胞克隆母犊牛及其同期自然繁殖出生的荷斯坦母犊牛初生期、6月龄、12月龄的体重、体尺指标测定,初步分析了其生长发育速度的变化规律。结果表明:(1)克隆牛初生重53.67±7.00kg,明显高于自繁奶牛(P<0.01),6月龄体重141.00±16.49kg,明显低于自繁奶牛(P<0.01),12月龄体重302.80±32.17kg,与自繁奶牛基本相当;(2)克隆牛0～6月龄期间平均日增重0.70±0.11kg明显低于自繁奶牛(P<0.01),6～12月龄期间平均日增重0.90±0.12kg,与自繁奶牛基本相当(P>0.05),0～12月龄期间平均日增重0.70±0.11kg,与自繁奶牛基本相当(P>0.05);(3)克隆牛初生体尺指标明显大于自繁奶牛(P<0.01),6月龄体尺指标明显小于自繁奶牛(P<0.01),12月龄体尺指标与自繁奶牛相当(P>0.05);(4)克隆牛0～6月龄期间体尺平均增长明显低于自繁奶牛(P<0.01),6～12月龄期间体尺平均增长明显高于自繁奶牛(P<0.01),0～12月龄期间体尺平均增长明显低于自繁奶牛(P<0.01)。 相似文献
4.
选用24头体重(683.1±14.9)kg、胎次(2.5±0.2)、上一泌乳期305 d,产奶量(7 339±18)kg和预产期(24.5±0.2)d的经产奶牛,随机分为4组,从分娩前19 d到分娩后36 d分别在基础日粮中添加丙二醇0、150、300和450 ml/d,研究丙二醇对围产期奶牛采食量和日粮养分消化率的影响,结果表明:奶牛分娩后7、21和35 d干物质(DM)、有机物质(OM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)采食量显著高于分娩前(-21 d和-14 d),分娩后35 d各养分采食量显著高于分娩后7 d(P<0.05)。从分娩前14 d到分娩后35 d各组奶牛DM、OM和CP消化率呈先降低后升高的趋势,但差异均不显著;而分娩后7、21和35 d日粮NDF和ADF消化率显著低于分娩前(-21 d和-14d)(P<0.05)。日粮添加不同水平的丙二醇对围产期奶牛各养分采食量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,日粮添加丙二醇300 ml/d和450 ml/d,显著提高分娩前14 d和分娩后7、21和35 d DM、NDF和ADF消化率,显著提高分娩后7、21和35 d OM消化率,显著提高分娩后7和21 d CP消化率(P<0.05)。本试验结果表明在日粮中添加丙二醇有益于改善围产期奶牛日粮消化率,适宜添加量为300 ml/d。 相似文献
5.
本研究分2大项进行。第1项研究激光照射对不孕奶牛内啡肽含量和发情的影响,第2项研究激光照射对不孕奶牛cAPM、cGMP含量及淋转值的影响。 ①选因患子宫炎或卵巢静止而不孕的黑白花奶牛34头,随机分成2组。试验组(24头)用氦氖激光照射交巢穴,7天为一疗程,间歇7天再照第2个疗程。对照组(10头)不用激光照射。RIA法分析牛血浆β-内啡肽含量。结果发现,试验组病牛(n=24)血浆β-内啡肽含量由照射前的112.864±58.947pg/ml升高到第1疗程后的175.634±104.310pg/ml(P<0.05),间歇1周后为237.627±153.136pg/ml(P<0.01)。第2疗程后为193.448±104·378pg/ml(P<0.05)。激光照射后3次测定值显著高于对照组同期测定值。对照组4次测定结果分别为:103.787±28.360,103.673±32.283,116.594±39.528,118.517±36.933pg/ml。同时观察到试验组发情牛头数为21头,发情率为87.5％,对照组发情3头,发情率30％,两组间差异极显著。试验结果表明,激光照射穴位可使病牛内啡肽含量增多,并参与调节生殖机能。 ②用氦氖激光照射交巢穴治疗不孕奶牛16头,对照组10头,激光照射方法基本同前述。在每个疗程前后1天,第2疗程后10天经颈静脉采血,用全血培养~3HTdR掺入法,蛋白结合法及RIA法,分析淋转刺激指数、血浆cAMP、cGMP含量变化。测得淋转 相似文献
6.
为探究同期排卵处理母牛体温和活动量变化规律及不同同期排卵技术处理效果，指导同期排卵技术优化。本研究自动监测了18头20月龄左右同期排卵（GnRH-PG-GnRH）处理荷斯坦母牛和17头产后40~60 d预同期排卵（PG-PG-GnRH-PG-GnRH）处理荷斯坦母牛的体温和活动量，应用自动检测系统进行母牛发情监测。结果发现，同期排卵处理母牛发情时阴道温度平均升高（0.43±0.20）℃，持续（12.37±2.73）h；活动量平均升高（18.28±18.61）倍，持续（11.00±1.68）h；排卵时阴道温度平均下降（0.20±0.10）℃，持续（11.00±1.68）h。自动化发情监测显示，同期排卵处理母牛7头发情并排卵；预同期排卵母牛GnRH处理前全部发情排卵。两种同期排卵处理，虽可改变母牛性周期进程，促进母牛性周期同步化，但均难以使母牛性周期完全同步。因此，将同期排卵-定时输精和发情鉴定技术科学结合才能取得更好的繁殖效果。 相似文献
7.
北京地区夏季奶牛直肠温度及其对产奶量影响初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《畜牧兽医学报》2016,(4)
本研究旨在通过直肠温度(RT)测定,探究夏季热应激情况下北京地区牛群RT变化规律及其对产奶量的影响。试验实测了2014年7-8月份北京地区3个奶牛场上午、下午奶牛RT、体况评分(BCS)、牛舍内温度,并收集各牛场DHI报告,利用固定模型分析不同场、胎次、泌乳阶段及BCS对RT、测定日产奶量的影响。结果表明:1)803头奶牛的上午、下午RT和日体温差平均值及标准差分别为(38.69±0.45)℃、(38.98±0.50)℃、(0.29±0.53)℃;2)不同场间RT存在差异,泌乳第Ⅰ阶段(1~50d)的奶牛RT显著高于其他泌乳阶段(P0.05),BCS显著影响下午RT(P0.05);3)下午RT与BCS平方均对测定日产奶量有显著影响(P0.05),下午RT每升高1℃,平均日产奶量减少约1.26kg·头~(-1)。夏季热应激情况下北京地区奶牛RT较高,且下午RT过高可导致测定日产奶量降低。因此,管理人员可通过加强防暑降温措施降低体温,并注意控制体况,着重关注泌乳前期牛;RT可作为奶牛热应激相关研究的指标,并为抗热应激奶牛选育计划提供间接选择信息。 相似文献
8.
本文用10头健康成年驴作了下列实验研究;将清醒状态受试驴右侧卧保定在手术台上,测其体温、脉搏、呼吸、动脉血气及酸碱诸值,并与清醒状态站立时作对比。结果右侧卧保定使PaO_2显著降低( P<0.01), PaCO_2变化不显著, pH、 [HCO_3~-]、 [TCO_2]、 [B.E]升高不显著。呼吸和脉搏显著升高( P<0.01),体温升高不显著。站立时 PaO_2:98±2mmHg,PaCO_2: 36±1mmHg,pH:7.427±0.01。 相似文献
9.
《中国畜牧兽医》2020,(1)
试验旨在探究围产期亚临床酮病与泌乳早期奶牛繁殖性能、卵泡发育之间的关系,并检测试验牛血液生化指标的变化。试验在黑龙江某大型集约化牛场开展,根据产后血酮水平确定亚临床酮病组(SCK)和健康组(C)奶牛共60头,根据试验牛产后50 d内发情状况,将SCK组再分为发情组(SCKE,16头)和乏情组(SCKA,14头),C组也同样分为发情组(CE,25头)和乏情组(CA,5头)。所有试验牛在产后50 d通过直肠检查和B超检查了解子宫复旧及卵泡发育状况,记录繁殖性能数据,并进行血液生化指标分析。结果表明:与健康组发情奶牛相比,亚临床酮病发情奶牛产后首次发情日期推迟约10 d(P0.05);产后50 d卵泡直径差异极显著(差值约4 mm)(P0.01)。亚临床酮病乏情奶牛子宫复旧延迟发生率显著高于健康组发情奶牛(P0.05);亚临床酮病奶牛血浆中胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)含量显著低于健康奶牛(P0.05),而泌乳量极显著提高(P0.01)。与发情奶牛相比,乏情奶牛血浆中甘油三酯(TG)含量显著升高(P0.05);葡萄糖(Glu)、胰岛素(Ins)、雌二醇(E_2)、孕酮(P_4)含量显著或极显著降低(P0.05;P0.01)。综合以上试验结果,奶牛患亚临床酮病而导致能量代谢指标异常是引起奶牛乏情、产后卵泡发育受阻和繁殖障碍的主要因素,进而导致奶牛繁殖力下降。 相似文献
10.
超排对供体奶牛生产性能和繁殖力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文探讨了超数排卵对供体奶牛生产性能和繁殖的影响。26头供体牛组成2个处理组,青年母牛做供体处理组,采卵后至首次发情时间为19.8±3.6天,首次发情配种妊娠率为53.8％(7/13),超排处理到末次配种间隔情期为3.7±0.5个;经产母牛做供体处理组,泌乳曲线不正常,超排当月产奶量比超排前后月均有所下降(下降分别为:98.8±19.10和8.50±11.56kg),采卵后至首次发情时间为23.2±4.1天,与青年母牛组比指标差异显著(P<0.05),首次发情配种妊娠率为38.5(5/13),超排处理到末次配种间隔情期为 3.9±0.7个。结果表明,超排影响产奶量,对其繁殖力也有些影响。 相似文献
11.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献12.
13.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献14.
15.
Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
16.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献17.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献19.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献