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1.
西瓜枯萎病土壤拮抗菌的筛选(英文) 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
[Objective] The aim of this study was to screen bacteria strains with stable antagonistic effect against watermelon fusarium wilt from soil and investigate the biological control of watermelon fusarium wilt by applying the antagonistic bacteria strains into soil.[Method] Actinomycete strains,fluorescent bacteria strains and bacillus strains were isolated from soil samples by the dilution-plate method,then its resistance was screened respectively by the improved confront culture method after colonies were purified.Finally,bacteria strains with better antagonistic effect were identified.[Result] 29 bacteria strains with stable antagonistic effect against watermelon fusarium wilt were screened from 39 soil samples,which contained 15 fluorescent bacteria strains,5 bacillus strains and 9 actinomycete strains.Furthermore,three antagonistic bacteria strains of FM2,FM3 and FM4 with the strongest antagonism were identified primarily.[Conclusion] According to cultural characteristics,morphological observation,biochemical and physiological tests,FM2 belongs to bacillus subtilis,while FM3 and FM4 belong to micrococcus. 相似文献
2.
棉花黄萎病拮抗细菌7-30菌株的筛选与鉴定(英文) 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
[Objective]The aim of this study was to screen the antagonistic spore-forming bacteria of Verticillium dahliae and identify its physiological and biochemical characteristics.[Method]Taking the cotton verticillium wilt pathogen Verticillium dahliae V-190 as the test microorganism,the antagonistic spore-forming bacteria were screened.Through the preliminary screening and secondary screening,an antagonistic bacteria strain 7-30 with stronger antibacterial activity was obtained,and its morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics were also identified.[Result]84 antagonistic bacteria strains were isolated from soil in various places by the preliminary screening.Especially,18 strains with better antagonistic ability were screened again,so an antagonistic bacteria strain 7-30 with the diameter of inhibition zone 18.9 mm and stronger antibacterial activity was obtained.According to its morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics,the antagonistic bacteria strain 7-30 was identified as Bacillus subtilis primarily.[Conclusion]The strain 7-30 was obtained as the antagonistic spore-forming bacteria of Verticillium dahliae. 相似文献
3.
番茄内生细菌的分离及其促生活性研究(英文) 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the growth-promoting activities of endophytic bacteria from tomato plants.[Method]The endophytic bacteria isolated from different tissues of tomato plants were analyzed for the effects of their growth-promoting activities on the germination and growth of tomato plants.The bacteria with growth-promoting activity were preliminarily identified.[Result]Totally 59 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from roots and stems of tomatoes,of which 4 showed significantly growth-promoting activity to germination and growth of tomato.The results suggest that these strains are endowed with the potential capability of growth-promoting.[Conclusion]The endophytic bacteria with growth-promoting activity were found among the isolates from tomato plants.This provided a good foundation for utilization of these bacteria with growth-promoting activity. 相似文献
4.
NI Guo-rong PAN Xiao-hua TU Guo-quan KUANG Fu-yuan WEI Sai-jin .Key Laboratory of Crop Physiological Ecology Genetics Breeding of Ministry of Education Key Open Laboratory of Double-crop Rice Physiological Ecology Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang .College of Biological Science Engineering 《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2011,(8)
[Objective]The aim was to isolate and identify an endophytic bacteria strain with antimicrobial activity from Davidia involucrate Brail.[Method]Endophytic strain with antibiosis ability was isolated from D.involucrate Brail by using cylinder-plate method.Then,it was identified through physiological and biochemical tests,16S rDNA homology analysis as well as some gene-specific sequence analysis.[Result]B221 stain had antimicrobial activity against a variety of rice plant pathogens,and it was identified as Bacillus subtilis.[Conclusion]This study enriches the research on endophyte within D.involucrate Brail,application of Bacillus bio-control,and therefore has laid a good foundation for the development of fungus used in biological control of crop pathogens. 相似文献
5.
番茄内生细菌的分离及其促生活性研究(英文) 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the growth-promoting activities of endophytic bacteria from tomato plants.[Method]The endophytic bacteria isolated from different tissues of tomato plants were analyzed for the effects of their growth-promoting activities on the germination and growth of tomato plants.The bacteria with growth-promoting activity were preliminarily identified.[Result]Totally 59 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from roots and stems of tomatoes,of which 4 showed significantly growth-promoting activity to germination and growth of tomato.The results suggest that these strains are endowed with the potential capability of growth-promoting.[Conclusion]The endophytic bacteria with growth-promoting activity were found among the isolates from tomato plants.This provided a good foundation for utilization of these bacteria with growth-promoting activity. 相似文献
6.
《农业科学与技术》2013,(10):1375-1377,1435
[Objective] This study aimed to isolate and screen black-spot-resistant en- dophytic fungi strains. [Method] Various species of healthy Rosa chinensis were col- lected from Xi＇an, Xianyang, Baoji and Weinan City in Shaanxi Province. Endophytic fungi was isolated from stems and leaves, and purified by 2-3 times of inoculation to screen endophytic fungi antagonistic to Marssonina rosae with modified punching method. [Result] Samples collected from Xianyang exhibited the highest colonization rate and isolation rate; endophytic fungi strains isolated from stems presented the highest colonization rate and isolation rate compared with leaves. A total of 67 en- dophytic fungi strains were isolated from Rosa chinensis, including 3 black spot-re- sistant strains which were all derived from Baoji. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for further screening candidate strains of biocontrol fungi and environ- ment-friendly fungal biological control. 相似文献
7.
枯草芽孢杆菌B47高产拮抗物质菌株的紫外诱变选育(英文) 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：20
[Objective] The aim of this study was to breed new strains which have higher inhibitory effects on the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt.[Method] The endophytic Bacillus subtilis B47 strain was obtained from tomato stems by UV mutagenesis for two consecutive times,then genetic stability as well as physiological and biochemical properties of mutant strains were studied.[Result] The antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains F303,F304 and F305 was higher than that of B74 strain.After subculture of 10 successive generations,the antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains for the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt decreased,but the antibacterial activity of F305 strain decreased the least,indicating its best genetic stability among the tested strains.The antibacterial circle diameter of F305 strain was 5 mm larger than that of wild strain B47 under the same condition.The mutant strain F305 was in logarithmic growth phase within 36 h and in stationary phase within 36-96 h,while its optimum growth temperature was 35 ℃.F305 strain could grow in sodium salt with the concentration of 1%-10%,but it grew best at the concentration of 1%.Physiological and biochemical responses of F305 strain were in accordance with those of wild strain B47.[Conclusion] This study lays the foundation for the factorial production of antagonistic substance by B47 strain and new methods of preventing from the pathogens watermelon fusarium wilt. 相似文献
8.
The possibility of employing antagonistic bacteria for the control of tobacco brown spot was studied. Approximately 136 strains of bacteria were isolated from phyllospheres of tobacco and 9 of these possessed high levels of antagonistic properties. They significantly reduced brown spot in detached tobacco leaves when artificially inoculated with Alternaria alternata. Culture filtrate of the most effective bacterial isolate which designated as Tpb88 was shown to be very efficient in inhibiting mycelial growth of A alternata in dual cultures. Culture filtrate of Tpb88 inhibited germination and germ tube elongation of A alternata. The results showed that the culture filtrate directly inhibited spore germination of A alternata, especially during the first hours of the paired cultivation. The rate of antagonistic activity of culture filtrate of Tpb88 depended on its concentration in the mixture. The greatest inhibition of spore germination was ob served at the highest concentration of filtrate (filtrate to fungal spores inocula mixed in proportion 1: 50). These suggest that the hypothetic mechanism of Tpb88 against tobacco brown spot is to produce antagonistic substances. 相似文献
9.
Screening for the Strain Highly Producing Antagonistic Substance from Bacillus subtilis B47 by UV Mutagenesis 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
WANG Jing ZHU Jian-hua LIN Wei HUANG Yong-lu YUAN Gao-qing LI Qi-qin Agricultural College of Guangxi University Nanning 《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2008,(4)
[Objective] The aim of this study was to breed new strains which have higher inhibitory effects on the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt.[Method] The endophytic Bacillus subtilis B47 strain was obtained from tomato stems by UV mutagenesis for two consecutive times,then genetic stability as well as physiological and biochemical properties of mutant strains were studied.[Result] The antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains F303,F304 and F305 was higher than that of B74 strain.After subculture of 10 successive generations,the antibacterial activity of all the three mutant strains for the pathogens of watermelon fusarium wilt decreased,but the antibacterial activity of F305 strain decreased the least,indicating its best genetic stability among the tested strains.The antibacterial circle diameter of F305 strain was 5 mm larger than that of wild strain B47 under the same condition.The mutant strain F305 was in logarithmic growth phase within 36 h and in stationary phase within 36-96 h,while its optimum growth temperature was 35 ℃.F305 strain could grow in sodium salt with the concentration of 1%-10%,but it grew best at the concentration of 1%.Physiological and biochemical responses of F305 strain were in accordance with those of wild strain B47.[Conclusion] This study lays the foundation for the factorial production of antagonistic substance by B47 strain and new methods of preventing from the pathogens watermelon fusarium wilt. 相似文献
10.
Antagonistic Activities of Volatiles from Four Strains of Bacillus spp. and Paenibacillus spp. Against Soil-Borne Plant Pathogens 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The four effective antagonistic Bacillus strains, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of cucumber in a greenhouse, produced antifungal volatiles. These volatiles strongly inhibited the growth of the most tested pathogenic fungi with wide host plants, induced the mycelial morphological abnormalities, and decreased the sclerotoid production of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in sealed plates. Spores of Botrytis cinerea exposed to these volatiles for 24-48 h in cavity slides cracked and the sporaceous inclusion became brown and effused to the suspension. An interesting phenomenon observed was that all the bacterial volatiles exhibited intense inhibitory activities against the pigment formation of tested pathogenic fungi, including Ascochyta citrullina, Alternaria solani, Alternaria brassicae, and so on. Interactions mediated by microbial volatiles could be widespread in soils, and volatiles may play an important role in reducing disease levels. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequence placed the four bacteria in three species Paenibacillus polymyxa （BMP-11）, Bacillus subtilis （BL02）, and Bacillus pumilus （BSH-4 and ZB 13）. Through headspace sampling and GC-MS analysis, a rich profile was found from B. subtilis and overlapping volatile patterns could be found among the different species. Studies are under the way to find the possible action mechanisms and to seek the effective application of bacterial volatiles in greenhouse. 相似文献
11.
12.
[目的]分离番茄、辣椒和茄子3种茄科果蔬的内生菌,并对青枯病拮抗细菌进行筛选与鉴定。[方法]采用研磨液培养法,利用选择培养基对3种植株进行内生菌分离,并采用平板划线法纯化,及菌块对峙培养法对已纯化的内生菌进行筛选。根据分离菌的培养特性及菌体形态特征、革兰氏染色及生化反应等,对筛选出来的内生拮抗细菌进行鉴定归属。[结果]3种植株内生菌分离,共得到53株内生细菌、53株内生真菌、44株内生放线菌。筛选出14株青枯病菌有强拮抗性的内生细菌,分属为芽孢杆菌属、埃希氏菌属、克雷伯氏菌属、土壤单胞菌属、欧文氏菌属、短小杆菌属,其中芽孢杆菌为优势种群,而且芽孢杆菌属菌株对青枯病菌的拮抗作用最强。[结论]提供了探索生物防治茄科植物青枯病的有效途径。 相似文献
13.
[目的]对海南部分野生兰品种进行内生细菌的分离和鉴定,希望能分离出有拮抗作用的内生细菌。[方法]利用组织培养法来进行内生细菌的分离,用16 S rDNA方法进行该内生细菌的分子生物学鉴定。[结果]分离出有7株内生菌分离物具有一定的拮抗活性,其中有2株拮抗作用较明显,分别命名为WF1和WF2。利用不同浓度的利福平对这两株内生菌分离物进行抗生素选择压力筛选,获得耐抗生素菌株WF1,进而利用该菌株进行回接试验。[结论]提取WF1的总DNA后,进行PCR、产物的回收、连接及转化。阳性克隆从CW34668引物端测序,测得的1418 bp的片段可在GenBank库中的各枯草芽胞杆菌16 S rDNA基因找到同源序列,且相似性达到99.5%,确定该菌属于芽胞杆菌属。 相似文献
14.
[目的]鉴定春兰(Cymbidium goeringii)内生拮抗细菌gt19-1并研究其防效。[方法]从春兰内生细菌中筛选到一株可拮抗胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz)的菌株gt19-1,对其进行了形态鉴定、生理生化鉴定及16S rDNA序列测定,并通过温室盆栽生防试验研究了其对辣椒炭疽菌的防治效果。[结果]菌株gt19-1为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),16S rDNA序列相似度达100%。菌株gt19-1发酵液对胶孢炭疽菌导致的辣椒炭疽病有一定抑制作用,防效达到22%。[结论]为辣椒炭疽病的生物防治奠定了基础。 相似文献
15.
番茄采后早疫病菌拮抗菌的筛选及发酵条件优化研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[目的]筛选番茄采后早疫病菌拮抗菌,并优化其发酵条件。[方法]从番茄果实中分离出15株菌株,通过平板对峙法从中筛选出对番茄早疫病有拮抗效果的菌株,并对其摇瓶发酵培养条件（pH、温度、培养时间、转速、装瓶量和接种量）进行了优化。[结果]从番茄果实中筛选出了对番茄采后早疫病菌具有明显拮抗效果的菌株004,其最佳发酵条件为：初始pH7.0,温度30℃,装液量100/250 ml,接种量2.0%,培养时间48 h,转速210 r/min。通过发酵条件优化,发酵滤液抗菌活性得以提高,抑菌圈从0.20 cm提高至0.70 cm。[结论]为防治番茄早疫病菌提供了参考。 相似文献
16.
[目的]筛选番茄灰霉病的拮抗菌,并采用分子生物学手段进行鉴定。[方法]以番茄灰霉病病原菌为供试菌,从耕作土壤中筛选拮抗菌,利用平板对峙法对拮抗菌进行初筛和复筛,并通过16S r DNA序列分析对拮抗菌进行鉴定。[结果]从番茄灰霉病发病植株根系土壤中筛选出13个拮抗性能较为稳定的分离物,其中3个菌株对番茄灰霉病菌的拮抗作用较强,抑制率达60.00%以上。结合形态学观察及16S r DNA系统进化树分析,分别鉴定为固氮类芽孢杆菌、多黏类芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌。[结论]该研究为番茄灰霉病的生物防治提供理论依据。 相似文献
17.
[目的]筛选对黄瓜疫病有较好稳定防治能力的生防菌。[方法]采用系列稀释法和平板涂布法对黄瓜疫病菌拮抗细菌进行初步分离,进一步通过平板对峙法对其进行筛选,并通过形态学、生理生化特征、16S rDNA序列分析方法对拮抗效果较好的细菌进行了鉴定。[结果]共分离到黄瓜疫病病原菌的拮抗细菌56株,有4株细菌对黄瓜疫病病原菌显示出较强的拮抗效果,其中LY-38菌株对黄瓜疫病病原菌拮抗带宽为6.5 mm,抑菌率高达81.2%,通过鉴定可以确定该菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。[结论]为黄瓜疫病的田间生物防治提供了参考。 相似文献
18.
[目的]从土壤中筛选对水稻胡麻斑病病原菌(Helminthospotium oryzae Breda de Hann)具有稳定拮抗作用的细菌。[方法]利用稀释平板法对从土样中分离出的细菌进行拮抗菌的初筛,再采用室内平板筛选法进行复筛。将拮抗效果最佳的菌株进行培养,通过菌体形态特征观察和生理生化测试进行菌种鉴定,并采用平板对峙法进行拮抗菌的抑菌谱分析。[结果]从38份土样中分离了494株细菌,初筛获得拮抗菌株24株,复筛得到4株拮抗能力较强的菌株,经鉴定4种拮抗菌均为地衣芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus licheniformis),并得到其抑菌谱。[结论]为利用拮抗菌生物防治水稻胡麻斑病提供了理论依据。 相似文献
19.
西瓜枯萎病土壤拮抗菌的初步筛选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]从土壤中筛选对西瓜枯萎病具有稳定拮抗作用的细菌,以反施于土壤进行枯萎病生物防治。[方法]采用稀释分离平板法分离土样中的放线菌、荧光菌和芽孢杆菌,纯化菌落后用改良对峙培养法作抗性筛选,并对拮抗效果最佳的菌株进行鉴定归属。[结果]从39份土样中共筛选出29株对西瓜枯萎病具有稳定拮抗作用的细菌,其中荧光菌15株,芽孢菌5株,放线菌9株。从中选出拮抗作用最强的3个拮抗菌FM2F、M3F、M4进行初步鉴定。[结论]菌株的培养特征和形态学观察及生理生化测试结果表明,FM2为枯草芽孢杆菌,FM3F、M4为微球菌属。 相似文献