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不同小麦基因型及其不同外植体离体培养研究初探 总被引：26，自引：1，他引：26
以13个不同基因型、3种不同外植体为材料，选用5种不同培养基，研究了各因素对愈伤组织诱导、分化的影响，并在此基础上建立了一套可靠的小麦组培再生系统。结果表明，愈伤组织的诱导、根的分化和绿苗的再生虽然都具有显著的基因型效应，但不具备显著的相关关系；对于绿苗的再生分化，幼胚优于成熟胚，幼穗和幼胚之间不存在显著的差异；X和A培养基各自在愈僵组织的诱导和再生分化上都明显优于MSS AA／2和R培养基。成熟胚愈伤组织诱导率生根率和绿苗率平均分别可达88.9%、56.3%和8.7%；幼胚愈伤组织诱导率、生根率和绿苗率平均分别可达99.1%、53.2%和17.6%；幼穗愈伤组织诱导率、生根率和绿苗率平均达94.6%、84.8%和18.3%。 相似文献
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对水稻5个品种的种胚和11个品种的幼穗在含不同激素浓度的MS培养基上培养,诱导愈伤组织并再生绿苗。品种间在愈伤组织诱导率、绿苗分化率和对激素的诱导效应表现了基因型差异。幼穗愈伤组织诱导率和绿苗分化率高于种胚。种胚的盾片愈伤组织分化能力高于胚轴,胚芽鞘的未分化得绿苗。去分化培养基添加2,4—D2mg/1+KT0.5mg/1,诱导愈伤组织的效果甚佳,并促进绿苗分化。选择胚性愈伤组织继代培养,种胚的培养270天,幼穗的培养210天,仍有部分品种保持较高的绿苗分化率。 相似文献
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《江苏农业科学》2016,(11)
高粱是重要的杂粮作物之一,其组织培养研究对高粱再生体系建立以及高粱转基因育种具有重要意义。以6个基因型的高粱幼穗为外植体,研究光照、激素、基本培养基以及基因型对幼穗愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响。结果表明:对于高粱幼穗愈伤组织的诱导培养,光照有利于幼穗愈伤组织的诱导;2,4-D和KT混合使用的效果比2,4-D单独使用好;3种基本培养基对幼穗愈伤诱导影响差异不显著;不同基因型对幼穗愈伤诱导影响差异显著,且5种不同基因型材料的愈伤诱导能力大小为M81-E07-27BJ-285=考利罗马。对于高粱幼穗愈伤组织的分化培养,3种培养基中只有MS培养基和NB培养基分化出再生苗;6种基因型中只有忻粱52分化出绿苗,分化率为11.49%。 相似文献
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研究超甜玉米自交系1132成熟胚愈伤组织诱导和植株再生频率的影响因素,丰富诱导愈伤组织的外植体来源。以1132成熟胚为材料,通过比较研究蔗糖、脯氨酸、2,4-D等因素对愈伤组织诱导率和分化再生的影响,确定适合1132成熟胚外植体愈伤组织诱导和再生的方法。结果表明,蔗糖浓度40g/L,脯氨酸1.4g/L、2,4-D浓度为4 mg/L的诱导培养基上愈伤组织出现最早,且愈伤组织诱导率最高,达到75%。在继代培养基中2,4-D浓度为2 mg/L,其他相同的条件下,愈伤组织继代性最好,最易产生胚性愈伤组织。植株再生培养通过含60g/L蔗糖的MS培养基培养2~3周,后转入含30g/L蔗糖的MS培养基培养再生植株的方法最好,可实现芽和根的同步再生。利用1132成熟胚诱导产生愈伤组织,并分化再生植株是对幼胚再生体系的有效补充,可以克服玉米基因工程育种研究中幼胚受季节限制的不利条件,丰富甜玉米基因工程育种中外植体的来源。 相似文献
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玉米不同外植体愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以玉米自交系18红和18白为材料，取其幼胚、茎尖、成熟胚和下胚轴为外植体，对愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生进行了研究。结果表明：上述4种外植体均可诱导出愈伤，但仅从幼胚和茎尖诱导出胚性愈伤组织．转入分化培养基后获得了再生植株，而成熟胚和下胚轴不能获得再生植株。 相似文献
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为了研究不同基因型玉米自交系幼胚愈伤组织的培养特性,选取19个玉米自交系(属于5个杂种优势类群)为试验材料,以授粉后10～12 d的玉米幼胚为外植体,研究不同基因型和培养基对玉米幼胚愈伤组织诱导率的影响。结果表明,供试材料均能通过幼胚愈伤诱导培养形成愈伤组织,其中11个自交系的愈伤组织能分化获得再生植株。Reid、旅大红骨和其他种质3个杂种优势类群中的B73、黄C、478,综31,178、501、先早17、旱21等8个自交系具有较好的幼胚培养特性和植株再生特性,愈伤组织诱导率高,且愈伤整齐、大小适中、植株再生率高,适宜作为受体材料进行遗传转化。幼胚在附加4 mg／L 2,4-D且去掉水解酪蛋白和L-脯氨酸的N6改良培养基上,幼芽及根的数量少、出愈率高、愈伤组织质地好,并明显减少了幼胚自发性芽分化的趋势,有利于保持愈伤组织胚性、提高再生植株频率,为玉米自交系幼胚诱导的适宜培养基。 相似文献
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冰草种间杂种蒙农杂种组织培养再生和遗传转化体系的建立 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
以冰草属(AgropyronGaertn.)中的1个优质种间杂种——“蒙农杂种”冰草(A.cristatumA.desertorumcv.‘Mengnong’)为材料,以幼穗为外植体,建立了组织培养再生与遗传转化体系。试验中所用诱导愈伤组织的培养基为改良MS+2,4-D2.0～3.0mg·L-1,愈伤组织诱导率平均为83.4%;分化培养基为MS(无附加成分),分化率达59.6%;在1/2MS培养基上生根后得到完整小植株。在此基础上,以抗除草剂基因bar为目标基因,用基因枪法转化幼穗诱导的愈伤组织,并对再生植 相似文献
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东方百合胚性愈伤组织诱导和植株再生研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
为建立东方百合元帅、提拔、西伯利亚的高频愈伤体系,以幼叶、花丝、生长点为外植体,进行了不同激素组合的MS固体培养基对胚性愈伤组织诱导及植株再生研究。结果发现,Picloram比2,4-D更有利于胚性愈伤组织的诱导,幼叶、花丝更能有效诱导出胚性愈伤组织和再生植株,生长点的出愈率较低。幼叶在MS＋2mg／L Pieloram培养基,花丝在MS＋2mg／LPicloraIn＋0．1mg／L ABA培养基,生长点在MS＋2mg／LPieloram＋0．03mg／LTDZ培养基上能高效诱导出愈伤组织,来自幼叶的胚性愈伤组织在MS＋1．0mg／LBA＋0．1mg／LKT＋0．1mg／LIBA培养基上能高频再生出芽,来自花丝的胚性愈伤组织在Ms＋1．5mg／LBA＋0．3mg／LKT＋0．2mg／LIBA培养基上能高频再生出芽。愈伤组织生长呈直线生长趋势。 相似文献
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甜玉米成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生特性的评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以45种基因型甜玉米的成熟胚为外植体材料,分析出愈率、愈伤组织增殖量、芽点数与植株再生的关系.结果表明,出愈率与再生能力有较大的相关性,愈伤组织增殖量、芽点数次之.利用主成分坐标分析并在此基础上对不同基因型甜玉米的再生能力进行聚类,并按欧氏距离将45种不同基因型玉米划分为2个大组群.通过对不同基因型玉米成熟胚培养特性的分析,探讨了各指标对于植株再生的意义,从供试材料中筛选出了愈伤组织诱导率和绿苗分化率均较高的材料,如选系B12-2-2和A50. 相似文献
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Study on Plant Regeneration of Wheat Mature Embryos Under Endosperm-Supported Culture 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
CHEN Jun-ying YUE Run-qing XU Hai-xian CHEN Xin-jian 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2006,5(8):572-578
To reveal the suitability of using mature embryos as an explant source in wheat tissue culture, mature embryos from eight common wheat cultivars （Triticum aestivum L. cv.） were cultured with or without endosperm to test their efficiency of callus induction and plant regeneration. When embryos were cultured together with endosperm （endosperm-supported culture, ES）, the percentage of callus induction was significantly lower than that when embryos were cultured in the absence of endosperm （non-endosperm-supported culture, NES）. This pattern was evident in most genotypes, regardless of whether 2 or 8 mg L^-1 2,4-D was added in the NES culture. However, in ES culture, more induced calli were differentiated into distinct green spots and they further developed into plantlets. Thus, more plants were regenerated in ES culture than in the NES treatment. Most of the eight tested genotypes showed a significant difference in callus induction rate and plantlet regeneration in both ES and NES cultures. In addition, the enzymatic activity of oxalate oxidase in the callus of ES culture condition was obviously higher than that in the callus of NES culture condition, suggesting that the activity of oxalate oxidase may be a parameter for selection of calli with potential for plantlet regeneration. These results indicate that wheat mature embryos are valuable explants for highly efficient callus induction and plant regeneration, if proper treatment and medium are used. 相似文献
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A reliable system was developed for regeneration from mature embryos derived from callus of four maize inbred lines (Liao 7980,Dan 9818,Dan 340,and Dan 5026).The protocol was mainly based on a series of experiments involving the composition of culture medium.We found that 9 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in MS medium was optimum for the induction of callus.The induction frequency of primary calli was over 85% for four inbred lines tested.The addition of L-proline (12 mM) in subculture medium significantly promoted the formation of embryogenic callus but it did not significantly enhance growth rate of callus.Efficient shoot regeneration was obtained on regeneration medium containing 2.22 μM 6-benzylaminopurine in combinations with 4.64 μM Kinetin.Regenerated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing 2.85 μM indole-3-butyric acid.This plant regeneration system provides a foundation for genetic transformation of maize. 相似文献
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以N1、N28、T5、1＇6等4个玉米（Zea mays L．）自交系为材料,进行幼胚离体培养．通过愈伤组织的诱导、继代、分化和植株再生等试验,对影响玉米幼胚愈伤组织诱导率和胚性率的因素进行了分析．结果表明,甜、糯玉米幼胚诱导出愈伤组织的能力较为普遍,但诱导率及胚性率因基因型不同、所选用培养基不同而不同,基因型是影响玉米幼胚愈伤组织诱导和幼苗再生的一个重要因素;选择大小为1～2mm的幼胚作为外植体有利于诱导出理想的胚性愈伤组织;2,4-D是愈伤组织诱导和继代不可缺少的植物激素,在愈伤组织诱导及继代过程中2,4-D含量以2．0mg／L为宜;AgNO3有利于胚性愈伤组织的诱导和生长,最佳含量为10mg／L,比对照高27．15％． 相似文献
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优良小麦转基因受体品种的筛选及成熟胚半胚培养的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了筛选具有良好组织培养特性的优良小麦品种作为转基因受体,使转基因小麦能尽快得到应用,对4个小麦品种的幼胚和成熟胚以及7个小麦品系的成熟胚进行离体培养,考察其组织培养特性.结果表明,11个品种(系)的成熟胚成愈率都达90%以上,但不同成熟胚来源的愈伤组织的植株再生率存在很大差异:7个小麦品系的植株再生率都低于20%,而4个小麦品种的植株再生率都达35%以上,幼胚成愈率及植株再生率都分别达90%和62%以上.该研究为小麦的遗传转化提供了几个新的优良受体品种.该研究进行成熟胚培养时,采用半胚培养的方式,一方面有效地克服了成熟胚在诱导培养基上直接萌发的现象,另一方面提高了成熟胚来源的愈伤组织分化为多苗的能力.该再生体系可作为小麦胚培养的参考. 相似文献
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Immature embryos from three elite Guizhou waxy maize inbred lines (W21019, B7, and QCL5036) were evaluated for theirability of forming callus and regeneration into plants. Immature embryos harvested at different physiological stages were used as explants to initiate callus on N6 basal medium with 0-3.5 mg L-1 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D). The concentration of 2,4-D, physiological age of immature embryos and genotype had a significant effect (P＜0.05) on the percentage of embryogenic callus formed. The optimum 2,4-D concentration for the initiation of embryogenic callus was varied among the waxy maize genotypes from 2.0 mg L-1 (B7 and QCL5036) to 3.0 mg L-1 (W21019). The shoots were generated from embryogenic callus which were transferred into the regeneration medium supplemented with 0-2.5 mg L-1of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA). 6-BA in the medium significantly promoted the regeneration of embryogenic callus.Embryogenic size was also an important factor that affected regeneration capacity. 0.6-0.7 cm was proved to be the best size for regeneration from embryogenic callus and the mean number of shoots per primary callus in all genotypes achieved the highest number. The ability of the plant regeneration was also affected by genotype. W21019 had the highest number of shoots formed per primary embryogenie callus. With the optimum condition, the highest mean number of shoots per primary callus was up to 12.13, 5.73, and 3.33 in line W21019, B7, and QCL5036, respectively. The successful regeneration of the two inbred lines provides a basis for development of genetic transformation to improve priority traits such as enhanced insects and drought tolerance. 相似文献
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An efficient plant regeneration system was developed from the immature embryos of Triticum aestivum L. Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines, which resistant to powdery mildew. The protocol was based on a series of experiments involving the callus induction and differentiation. The experiment studied the effects ofmature embryos. We found that the embryembryo size on callus induction and differentiation of the immature embryos. We found that the embryo size is critical for the establishment of embryogenic callus. Immature embryos (0.8 ~ 1.5 ram) showed high ability to produce embryogenie callus capable of regenerating green plants. The medium Murashige and Skoog‘ s (MS) added with 2mg/L 2, 4-diehlo-rophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) gave the best embryogenic callus induction, maintenance and regeneration. The embryogenic callus maintained high regeneration during six subcultures in the callus induction medium. Suitable time ofpartialdesiccation could effectively improve the regeneration capacity of the callus cultured for 3-4 month. Bud green spot and root green spot were observed during the differentiation of callus and the difference between them was described. Regenerated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing 0.2 mg/L Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Plants were successfully transferred to soil and grew well. This efficient plant regeneration system provides a foundation for the study of somaclonal variation of Triticum aestivum L.- Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines. 相似文献
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以山核桃Carya cathayensis花后10～12周的幼胚为外植体,建立体胚发生及再生体系,同时分别对山核桃胚性愈合组织和体细胞胚诱导的碳源种类和质量浓度进行了比较分析。结果表明：接种在含葡萄糖培养基中的山核桃胚性愈合组织诱导率显著高于蔗糖、海藻糖和麦芽糖,诱导率达33.3%;在培养基中添加20 g.L-1葡萄糖,胚性愈合组织诱导率最高,达50.0%,显著高于其他处理。蔗糖为山核桃体细胞胚诱导的最佳碳源种类,体细胞胚诱导率显著高于葡萄糖、海藻糖和麦芽糖,诱导率达23.3%;在培养基中添加45 g.L-1蔗糖,体细胞胚诱导率最高,达30.1%,显著高于其他处理。体胚在WPM培养基（木本植物用培养基）附加5 g.L-1蔗糖的培养基上萌发率达20%,显著高于附加0,10,15,20,25,30 g.L-1蔗糖的体胚萌发率。 相似文献
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以福州"宋荔"等部分荔枝古树花药为试材,进行胚性愈伤组织诱导。结果表明,胚性愈伤组织诱导与植物激素的类型、浓度及其组合密切相关,大部分荔枝古树单株花药在M2中诱导率比M1高;同一培养基,不同荔枝古树单株间花药愈伤组织诱导率差异较大,在M1中,X11诱导率高达79.55%,H3的诱导率为0;刚诱导的愈伤组织胚性强,同一荔枝古树单株在不同培养基中体胚发生量不同。诱导出来的胚性愈伤组织在M1和M2培养基上,黑暗中交替培养4代后,转接到M1和M2激素减半的培养基中,于弱光下交替培养,可长期保存。 相似文献