共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
应用 HRP 逆行追踪技术,通过在发声肌注射 HRP,对无尾两栖类蛙和蟾蜍延脑内发声核团进行定位比较。结果表明。(1)三种动物延脑内支配发声肌运动的核团均为舌咽—迷走运动核(nIx-x);(2)无尾两栖类中同种动物的雌雄之间nIx-x 的发达程度不同,雄性较雌性发达一些;同科动物相比,nIx-x 的形状及发达程度相近,不同科动物之间则存在差异,蛙科较蟾蜍科发达一些;(3)支配发声肌的感觉神经可能在脑内没有直接投射。 相似文献
2.
B E Brown 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1967,155(762):595-597
Stimulation of the nerves innervating the proctodeum (hindgut) of the cockroach Periplaneta americana (L.) causes a slow-type, graded contraction of the longitudinal muscles. An unidentified substance, or substances, present in the foregut and hindgut, the specific activity of which is highest in the nerves innervating these organs, effects a similar contraction. This "gut-factor" is depleted from the hindgut after surgical section of the proctodeal nerves. None of Factors P(1) and P(2), 5-hydroxytryptamine, acetylcholine, adrenaline, noradrenaline, alpha-ami-nobutyric acid or glutamate duplicates the pharmacological behavior of this substance. The active factor is associated with subcellular particles that require centrifugal forces of approximately 1,000,000 g-min for sedimentation. The substance is inactivated in homogenates of gut tissue in the absence of suitable precautions. It is proposed that the "gut-factor" functions as an excitatory neuromuscular transmitter substance in insect visceral muscle. 相似文献
3.
Distinctive cranial and cervical innervation of wing muscles: new evidence for bat monophyly 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The traditional view that Old World fruit bats (Megachiroptera) and insect bats (Microchiroptera) are closely related has been challenged by claims that Megachiroptera are the sister group to flying lemurs (Dermoptera) or Primates. We found that the specialized muscles of the rostral part of the wing in Microchiroptera and Megachiroptera receive double innervation by both the facial nerve and cervical spinal nerves, suggesting that bats are monophyletic. Innervation by the facial nerve also occurs in Dermoptera and suggests that bats and Dermoptera share a common ancestor that had wings. 相似文献
4.
电压门控钠离子通道对于脊椎动物脑神经起始、传播动作电位具有重要作用。为了解斑马鱼电压门控钠离子通道基因scn1Laa在脑神经中的作用,通过CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术,首次构建了可稳定遗传的生长没有受明显影响的scn1Laa缺陷型（scn1Laa-/-）斑马鱼家系。相比野生型,5 dpf（days post-fertilization,受精后5天）scn1Laa缺陷型斑马鱼兴奋抑制性神经元（氨基丁酸类神经元）表达相对增加,兴奋类神经元（谷氨酸能类神经元）和成熟神经元显著减少,脑部细胞增殖也显著减少。受精后5天和90 天的 scn1Laa缺陷型斑马鱼的运动较同时期野生型斑马鱼更为活跃,受精后90天的 scn1Laa缺陷型斑马鱼的运动具有明显的爆发性。以上结果表明,scn1laa缺失导致兴奋类神经元（谷氨酸能类神经元）以及神经细胞增殖减少,影响脑周围神经放电,导致运动神经调节障碍,出现运动行为异常活跃。即电压门控钠离子通道基因scn1Laa参与斑马鱼脑神经发育和生长,间接参与运动行为调节。同时本文也为进一步探究电压门控钠离子通道在脑神经中的作用奠定基础。 相似文献
5.
The regular findings of a nodular perineuritis in peripheral nerve trunks and of a nodular polymyositis in skeletal muscles indicates the systemic nature of this disease. Rheumatoid arthritis is not solely a disease of the joints but a systemic disease, characterized by a widespread distribution of a nodular lymphocytic inflammation in peripheral nerves and skeletal muscles. The new findings in the nerves and muscles offer an explanation of the generally encountered clinical manifestations of pain, tenderness, trophic changes and muscular atrophy. 相似文献
6.
双峰驼的面神经在伸出茎乳突孔之前发出岩大神经、镫骨肌神经、鼓索和一加入岩小神经的交通支,并接受一条来自前庭耳蜗神经的交通支和迷走神经的耳支。面神经穿出茎乳突孔之后发出耳后神经、耳内支,腮腺支二腹肌支、颈支、耳睑神经,上颊支和下颊支。6/10例面神经发出一交通支连于舌咽神经。耳后神经与第一、第二颈神经之间不见有交通支。耳后神经和耳内支有侧支分布于腮腺和腮耳肌。上颊支在犬齿肌深面分为许多小支与眶下神经的分支形成一神经丛。下颊支在下颌骨的外侧面与颏副神经有较粗的交通支相连。 相似文献
7.
Hormonal control of the anatomical specificity of motoneuron-to-muscle innervation in rats 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
S M Breedlove 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,227(4692):1357-1359
Motoneurons of the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus innervate bulbocavernosus muscles in male rats. Adult female rats normally lack both the spinal nucleus and its target muscles. Prenatal treatment of females with testosterone propionate resulted in adults having, like males, both the spinal nucleus and its target muscles. However, prenatal treatment with dihydrotestosterone propionate preserves the muscles but not the motoneurons. This paradoxical condition might result from (i) bulbocavernosus muscles without innervation; (ii) muscles innervated by morphologically unrecognizable motoneurons; (iii) muscles innervated by a very few spinal nucleus cells, each innervating many bulbocavernosus fibers; or (iv) muscles innervated by motoneurons outside their normal anatomical locus in the spinal nucleus. The results of retrograde marker injections into the bulbocavernosus muscles of females treated with androgen refute the first three possibilities and confirm the last: the different androgen treatments result in anatomically distinct spinal motor nuclei innervating bulbocavernosus muscles. 相似文献
8.
Stimulation-dependent alterations in peroxidase uptake at lobster neuromuscular junctions 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
The uptake of cytochemically demonstrable horseradish peroxidase into small vesicles within nerve endings in lobster stretcher muscles can be enhanced by electrical stimulation of transmitter release by the endings. This is observed particularly if stimulation is interrupted periodically and the nerves 相似文献
9.
刘英 《甘肃农业大学学报》1995,30(3):210-213
本文用１４只１．０～２．５ｋｇ重的成年鸡研究嗉囊的副交感神经元定位。将ＨＲＰ注入嗉囊，动物存活２～４天后心室固定。取迷走神经远神经节、岩神经节和颈静脉神经节及延髓，制成５０μｍ厚的冰冻切片，用Ｍｅｓｕｌａｍ氏ＴＭＢ法反应呈色，明视野观察，结果如下：１．被标记的嗉囊副交感节前神经元出现于迷走神经背侧运动核和中间核内。嗉囊的标记细胞在迷走神经背侧运动核内的分布有局部定位关系。２。被标记的嗉囊感觉神经元出现于远神经节、岩神经节和颈静脉神经节内。 相似文献
10.
Protein modification by amino acid addition is increased in crushed sciatic but not optic nerves 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
S Shyne-Athwal R V Riccio G Chakraborty N A Ingoglia 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4738):603-605
Rat optic and sciatic nerves were crushed, and 10 minutes to 3 days later nerve segments between the crushed site and the cell body were removed and assayed for posttranslational protein modification by amino acid addition. Protein modification was comparable in intact optic and sciatic nerves, but in sciatic nerves increased to 1.6 times control levels 10 minutes after crushing and reached a maximum of ten times control levels by 2 hours. In optic nerves activity was decreased throughout the time course studied. The results indicate that, in a nerve which is capable of regeneration (sciatic), protein modification by the addition of amino acids increases immediately after injury, but a nerve incapable of regeneration (optic) is incapable of activating the modification reaction. These findings may be important in understanding the reasons for the lack of a regenerative response after injury to central mammalian nerves. 相似文献
11.
此项研究用了体重1.0～2.5kg的成年母鸡18只,以追寻鸡颈皮神经的感觉神经元和交感节后神经元。将C_6～C_(11)皮神经断端浸渍于20％HRP溶液中2～3天以引入酶。取相应的颈交感干神经节和脊神经节及其前后相邻的神经节,制成厚50μm的连续冰冻切片。TMB反应,明视野光镜观察。标记的交感节后神经元胞体出现于与酶引入皮神经相连的交感干神经节。少数出现于相邻的后一个交感神经节。标记的脊神经感觉神经元胞体只出现于与酶引入皮神经相连的脊神经节。 相似文献
12.
The responsiveness of the pineal beta-adrenergic receptor that regulates serotonin-N-acetyltransferase activity is nearly ten times greater at the end of the light period (0600 to 1800 hours) than at the end of the dark period (1800 to 0600 hours). These changes in sensitivity of the postsynaptic beta-adrenergic receptor are related to diurnal changes in the release of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerves innervating the pineal. Supersensitivity of the receptor appears to result from decreased release of the neurotransmitter during daytime, and subsensitivity from increased release at night. 相似文献
13.
Pineal gland: 24-hour rhythm in norepinephrine turnover 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
There is a 24-hour rhythm in the turnover of norepinephrine in sympathetic nerves innervating the pineal gland. This rhythm persists in blinded animals but is suppressed in normnal rats by light. The rhythm in norepinephrine turnover generates the rhythums in pineal indoleamines and N-acetyltransferase. 相似文献
14.
本试验采用亲缘远近不同、品质性状差异较大的材料,对5个主要品质性状进行研究。结果表明,主要品质性状存在一定程度的杂种优势。叶球Vc(维生素C)含量表现为负向优势,但利用优势育种途径有可能培育出Vc含量超高亲的杂种一代。粗纤维、心柱长、帮叶比和紧实皮主要表现为正向优势。同一性状不同亲本自交系的一般配合力不同,不同杂交组合的特殊配合力也不同。1072是各种品质性状一般配合力都突出的优良自交系,1072×红-6为特殊配合力突出的优良组合。心柱长等5个主要品质性状均存在细胞质效应,育种中应注意正、反交差异。 相似文献
15.
Normal movements return to carp eyes after section and regeneration of the IIIrd and IVth nerve trunks. Two months after reinnervation, records of impulses in the inferior oblique nerve during tilting of the body show activity of the normal motoneurons to that muscle, together with discharge patterns characteristic of the antagonistic superior oblique and some of the rectus muscles. These axons must have found their way into the inferior oblique trunk during sprouting at the lesion and must be maintained after reinnervation. Impulses from foreign axons are without detectable effect on eye movement and therefore must be blocked at their termination in the muscle. Previous study of cross-innervated and doubly innervated fish eye muscles revealed only structurally normal neuromuscular junctions. Transmission from foreign junctions in multiply innervated muscle is blocked by competitive molecular recognition and control mechanisms that do not cause degeneration. 相似文献
16.
Incorporation of H(3)-leucine into dorsal root ganglion cells in rats was markedly increased over that of controls following section of sciatic and femoral nerves. Crush lesion of dorsal roots did not increase the H(3)-leucine uptake of these cells except in animals which had received nerve growth factor after the operation. 相似文献
17.
以9个淀粉含量不同的玉米自交系为亲本,按照GriffingⅠ双列杂交模式组配72个杂交组合,研究玉米籽粒淀粉含量的遗传效应.结果表明,淀粉含量遗传方式以加性效应为主,杂交组合的淀粉含量主要表现为正向杂种优势,并与母本和中亲值呈极显著相关.杂交组合淀粉含量的特殊配合力(SCA)与双亲的一般配合力(GCA)效应之间无相关性,不能简单地依据组合双亲的GCA效应来推断其后代的SCA效应,自交系陕814和Lx00-6的淀粉含量和GCA都较高,可以作为今后高淀粉育种的重要资源. 相似文献
18.
作者运用大体解剖学方法对双峰驼的眼神经和上颌神经进行了详细的解剖学研究。研究结果表明双峰驼的眼神经和上颌神经均起于三叉神经节,其中眼神经的分支有颧颞支、泪腺神经、额神经、额窦神经、肌支、鼻睫神经以及连于睫状神经节的交通支。鼻睫神经分为滑车下神经和筛神经。筛神经分为鼻内支和鼻外支。鼻睫神经有交通支连于睫状神经节。上颌神经分出颧面支、副颧面支、颧骨神经,鼻后神经、腭大神经、腭小神经和上齿槽后支,其主干延续为眶下神经。颧骨神经在眼眶后部分出。鼻后神经在翼腭窝内分为数支参与构成翼腭神经丛。腭大神经分出腭副神经以及进入鼻腔底壁的侧支。 相似文献
19.
以通过杂交选育的6个巨胚稻恢复系品系FgeR1、FgeR2、FgeR3、FgeR4、FgeR5和FgeR6及辐照诱变获得的巨胚稻恢复系明恢86geR(Mge86R)为材料,非巨胚稻明恢86(M86)为对照,分析其农艺、产量、糙米及胚性状。结果表明,通过辐照诱变获得的巨胚稻Mge86R主要农艺性状与M86较为相似,而通过杂交选育的巨胚稻恢复系主要农艺性状与M86差异较大;7个巨胚稻恢复系产量构成因素存在一定差异,理论产量也有高有低,其中FgeR3、FgeR4和FgeR5产量水平与M86相当;巨胚稻恢复系绝对胚重和相对胚重都大大提高,巨胚稻绝对胚重是M86的2.05-2.73倍,相对胚重是M86的1.92-2.97倍。 相似文献
20.
利用2个诱导系与25个单倍体诱导率呈现梯度变化的材料,采用NCII设计,组配了50个杂交组合,并对其诱导率及农艺性状进行了评价。结果表明,诱导性状的杂种优势不显著,F1代诱导率呈现出接近中亲值或略低于中亲值的特点,但F1的农艺性状较双亲有了显著提升,尤其是在株高、雄穗长度等方面表现出较强的杂种优势。经筛选评价,2个杂交组合诱导率稳定在8.5%以上,可在今后的育种中加以利用。 相似文献