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1.
贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对四环素类药物的耐药性及耐药基因检测 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为考察贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对四环素类抗菌药的耐药情况和耐药基因的流行情况,本试验采用微量肉汤稀释法测定783株分离于贵州省8个地区规模化养殖场的猪源大肠杆菌对6种四环素类药物的敏感性,并通过PCR方法检测其携带四环素耐药基因情况。结果显示,猪源大肠杆菌对土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素、米诺环素和替加环素的耐药率分别为97.3%、97.6%、96.6%、89.3%、48.0%和34.2%;土霉素和四环素的耐药水平最高,其MIC50分别为256和128μg/mL,而MIC90均为512μg/mL,四环素的耐药倍数高于土霉素;米诺环素和替加环素的耐药水平最低,其MIC90分别为32和4μg/mL,耐药倍数相同;耐药基因tetA、tetB、tetC、tetD和tetM的检出率分别为92.60%、41.50%、58.75%、58.62%和70.10%;耐药菌株中主要以tetA基因为主,且大多数以携带复合基因的形式存在;大肠杆菌对土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素和米诺环素的耐药性分别与耐药基因tetB和tetM呈极显著相关(P0.01),tetD基因分别与对米诺环素和替加环素的耐药性呈极显著相关(P0.01)。贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对四环素类药物的耐药情况十分普遍,尤其是四环素和土霉素,金霉素和强力霉素有高度耐药的趋势;外排泵是四环素类药物主要的耐药机制;在兽医临床上越来越严重的耐药情况与耐药基因的广泛存在有很大关系。 相似文献
2.
为考察贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对四环素类抗菌药的耐药情况和耐药基因的流行情况,本试验采用微量肉汤稀释法测定783株分离于贵州省8个地区规模化养殖场的猪源大肠杆菌对6种四环素类药物的敏感性,并通过PCR方法检测其携带四环素耐药基因情况。结果显示,猪源大肠杆菌对土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素、米诺环素和替加环素的耐药率分别为97.3%、97.6%、96.6%、89.3%、48.0%和34.2%;土霉素和四环素的耐药水平最高,其MIC50分别为256 和128 μg/mL,而MIC90均为512 μg/mL,四环素的耐药倍数高于土霉素;米诺环素和替加环素的耐药水平最低,其MIC90分别为32和4 μg/mL,耐药倍数相同;耐药基因tetA、tetB、tetC、tetD和tetM的检出率分别为92.60%、41.50%、58.75%、58.62%和70.10%;耐药菌株中主要以tetA基因为主,且大多数以携带复合基因的形式存在;大肠杆菌对土霉素、四环素、金霉素、多西环素和米诺环素的耐药性分别与耐药基因tetB和tetM呈极显著相关（P<0.01）,tetD基因分别与对米诺环素和替加环素的耐药性呈极显著相关（P<0.01）。贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对四环素类药物的耐药情况十分普遍,尤其是四环素和土霉素,金霉素和强力霉素有高度耐药的趋势;外排泵是四环素类药物主要的耐药机制;在兽医临床上越来越严重的耐药情况与耐药基因的广泛存在有很大关系。 相似文献
3.
四川地区猪源致病性大肠杆菌的分离鉴定与耐药性检测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解四川地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况,本试验对2015～2017年四川地区40个猪场的125个病猪样本进行了大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和耐药性检测。结果共分离到37株致病性大肠杆菌,采用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,发现37株致病性大肠杆菌对恩诺沙星、四环素、阿莫西林、复方新诺明、氨苄西林、庆大霉素、强力霉素的耐药性强,耐药率高于80%,对四环素的耐药率甚至达到了100%;对阿米卡星有较高的敏感性,耐药率为13.5%;所有菌株的多重耐药率高达100%,表明四川地区猪源大肠杆菌的耐药性强、耐药谱广。 相似文献
4.
《上海畜牧兽医通讯》2017,(6)
为了掌握河南省猪源大肠杆菌的耐药性情况,从规模化猪场抽取样品240份,通过细菌的分离、纯化,采用BD PhoenixTM-100全自动微生物鉴定系统对分离的大肠杆菌进行鉴定,并通过微量肉汤稀释法对分离菌株进行药物敏感性分析。结果显示:共分离菌株171株,分离率为71.3%;分离菌株对四环素、磺胺异恶唑、复方新诺明、强力霉素、氨苄西林、氟苯尼考耐药严重,耐药率均在80%以上。表明河南省猪源大肠杆菌耐药情况较为严重。 相似文献
5.
河南省部分地区猪群大肠杆菌分离菌的耐药性比较分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为掌握河南省猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况,于2013年至2018年对河南省郑州、开封、焦作、许昌四个地区部分规模化养猪场分离出的856株大肠杆菌,采用CLSI推荐的微量肉汤稀释法,调查其对8类13种代表性抗菌药物的耐药性。结果表明,856株大肠杆菌对氧氟沙星、黏菌素、庆大霉素、头孢噻呋和阿莫西林/棒酸等5种药物的耐药率在35.0%以下,分别为32.2%、31.1%、25.5%、15.5%和30.0%;对恩诺沙星、四环素、多西环素、大观霉素、氟苯尼考、磺胺异恶唑、复方新诺明和氨苄西林等8种药物的耐药率范围为45.0%～95.0%,其中对四环素、多西环素和磺胺异恶唑等3种药物的耐药率高达90.0%以上;多重耐药集中于耐5、6和7类抗生素,耐3类及以上药物的菌株占90.0%。本研究结果表明河南省部分养殖场猪源大肠杆菌耐药形势严峻,应加强对其监测和控制。 相似文献
6.
《动物医学进展》2016,(4)
为了解洛阳市散养和集约化养殖方式猪源大肠埃希菌耐药谱,采用Kirby-Bauer纸片琼脂扩散法测定35株集约化养殖场猪源大肠埃希菌(其中17株肥育猪源、10株生长猪源、8株保育猪源)和6株散养肥育猪源大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/棒酸、头孢噻肟、萘啶酸、恩诺沙星、氧氟沙星、复方新诺明、四环素、强力霉素、庆大霉素和大观霉素共11种抗菌药物的耐药性。结果表明,散养肥育猪源大肠埃希菌仅对氨苄西林、四环素和强力霉素耐药,集约化养殖场猪源大肠埃希菌对11种检测药物的耐药率明显高于散养猪源的大肠埃希菌;测定41株细菌具有19种耐药模式,其中散养肥育猪源大肠埃希菌有5种模式,集约化养殖场猪源大肠埃希菌有17种模式,13种为多重耐药模式;88.6%(31/35)集约化养殖场猪源菌交叉耐药,33.3%(2/6)散养猪源菌仅交叉耐四环素和强力霉素。 相似文献
7.
有机农场鸡、猪源大肠杆菌耐药性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解有机养殖模式下鸡、猪源大肠杆菌的耐药情况,2014年从广东从化某有机农场鸡、猪粪便中采集并分离出118株大肠杆菌,包括55株鸡源大肠杆菌和63株猪源大肠杆菌,采用琼脂稀释法测定大肠杆菌对18种抗菌药的敏感性。结果发现,同一有机农场中,鸡源大肠杆菌与猪源大肠杆菌在耐药种类及耐药率上均呈现相似规律,对头孢他啶、头孢喹肟、头孢噻肟、头孢西丁、阿米卡星、安普霉素、庆大霉素、新霉素、氟苯尼考、氯霉素、亚胺培南、环丙沙星、喹乙醇等较敏感(鸡0~21.8%,猪0~14.3%),对氨苄西林、链霉素呈现轻度耐药(鸡29.1%~38.2%,猪23.8%~27.0%),对复方新诺明、四环素、多西环素呈现较严重耐药(鸡45.5%、76.4%和72.7%,猪50.8%、81.0%和68.3%)。鸡源大肠杆菌中3耐及3耐以上的菌株占56.4%,猪源大肠杆菌占47.6%。结果表明有机养殖模式下鸡、猪源大肠杆菌耐药率相对较低,多重耐药现象存在但相对轻微,对个别临床常用抗菌药耐药率虽较严重但比常规养殖场低。由于目前国内大部分学者致力于研究常规养殖方式下细菌耐药情况,本研究很好地填补了有机养殖模式下畜禽大肠杆菌耐药性研究的空白。 相似文献
8.
为了解泉州地区猪源致病性大肠杆菌流行血清型分布及耐药性,无菌采集的患病仔猪肝脏、肛拭子和粪便等病料组织样品87份,通过细菌的分离鉴定得到了42株大肠杆菌,其中,30株为致病性大肠杆菌。利用玻板凝集法和K-B药敏纸片法分别检测30株猪源致病性大肠杆菌分离株的血清型和耐药性。结果显示,30株猪源致病性大肠杆菌分离株属于9个血清型中,定型的猪源致病性大肠杆菌分离株27株,定型率为90%(27/30),2株未鉴定出来,占分离菌菌株的64.3%(27/42),以O147和O141为该地区流行的优势血清型;30株猪源致病性大肠杆菌分离株对新霉素、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星等5种药物的耐药率在80.0%~100%之间,对克林霉素、多西环素、丁胺卡娜霉素等5种药物的耐药率在60.0%~73.3%之间;对其他的药物耐药率在33.3%~53.3%之间,且呈现多重耐药性。本研究为该地区的猪源致病性大肠杆菌病的防治提供了重要的参考价值。 相似文献
9.
本研究采用纸片扩散法，检测从平邑7家生猪养殖场分离的21株大肠杆菌对庆大霉素、恩诺沙星、阿莫西林、氟苯尼考、多四环素、黏菌素6种抗生素的敏感性。结果显示，平邑7家生猪养殖场的21株猪源大肠杆菌对恩诺沙星的耐药率为14%，敏感率为57%；对庆大霉素的耐药率为14%，敏感率约为72%；对阿莫西林的耐药率为100%；对氟苯尼考的耐药率为71%，敏感率为0；对多四环素的耐药率为43%，敏感率为29%；对黏菌素的敏感率100%。不同生猪养殖场猪源大肠杆菌耐药性不同，个别养殖场猪源大肠杆菌耐药性很高，出现了多重耐药性（对5种抗生素耐药）。建议该养殖场根据药敏结果，采用精准用药和轮换用药方式来防治猪源型大肠杆菌疾病，避免抗生素乱用，进一步推进兽用抗菌药减量化使用和兽用抗菌药综合治理。 相似文献
10.
《四川畜牧兽医》2020,(9)
为了解西昌地区猪源肠外致病性大肠杆菌的耐药情况,本试验对2016～2018年西昌地区21个猪场的106个病猪样本进行了大肠杆菌的分离鉴定和耐药性检测。通过培养特性、染色特点和形态观察以及PCR鉴定、致病性试验,共分离到28株肠外致病性大肠杆菌。采用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,结果显示28株致病性大肠杆菌对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、强力霉素、四环素、庆大霉素、复方新诺明耐药严重,耐药率高于85%,对阿米卡星和头孢喹肟保持较高的敏感性,耐药率分别为14.3%和10.7%。28株大肠杆菌的多重耐药率高达100%,表明西昌地区猪源肠外致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性强、耐药谱广。 相似文献
11.
[目的]为了分析河西走廊地区犊牛腹泻致病性大肠杆菌携带毒力基因和耐药性情况,[方法]2020—2021年在河西走廊地区采集患腹泻病犊牛的粪便、肛拭子及肝脏等病料组织279份,采用人工感染试验动物、PCR方法和K-B药敏纸片法分别检测犊牛腹泻性大肠杆菌致病性、毒力因子和耐药性。[结果]结果表明,分离得到了126株大肠杆菌,其中79株犊牛腹泻性大肠杆菌能引起小鼠死亡;分离的79株致病性大肠杆菌的毒力基因crl、irp2、fimH、papC、K88、K99、stx1、stx2检测率在40.5%～100%之间,其他毒力基因检测率在15.2%～34.2%之间;分离的79株致病性大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、新霉素等8种药物的耐药率在49.4%～96.2%之间,对其他药物的耐药率在5.1%～32.9%之间。[结论]从河西走廊地区患腹泻病犊牛病料组织中分离得到79株致病性大肠杆菌,这些菌株携带多种毒力基因,对临床中常用的抗菌药物产生了耐药性。 相似文献
12.
为了解四川省藏香猪源大肠埃希菌致病性、血清型及耐药性情况,从四川省藏香猪养殖场中无菌采集腹泻仔猪肝脏、肛拭子及粪便等组织病料253份中,分离得到155株大肠埃希菌。采用人工感染小鼠致病性试验、玻板凝集试验和KB药敏纸片法分别测定155株大肠埃希菌分离菌株的致病性、血清型及耐药性。结果显示,小鼠致病性试验表明155株分离菌中120株有致病性;玻板凝集试验表明120株致病性大肠埃希菌分离株属于14个血清型,以O111、O147、O109和O119为主要流行的优势血清型;耐药性试验表明120株致病性大肠埃希菌分离株对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、新霉素、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶4种药物耐药较严重,耐药率在94.2%~98.3%之间,对庆大霉素、氟苯尼考、多西环素等6种药物耐药率在44.2%~85.0%之间,对其他药物耐药率在15.0%~37.5%之间。说明该地区藏香猪源致病性大肠埃希菌血清型呈多样性分布,耐药性严重。 相似文献
13.
为探索奶牛子宫内膜炎源性大肠埃希菌耐药基因及其耐药性之间的关系。采用K-B纸片法对临床分离的54株奶牛子宫内膜炎源性大肠埃希菌进行12种抗菌药物敏感性测定,应用PCR进行这些抗菌药物相关耐药基因的检测。结果显示,54株大肠埃希菌对复方新诺明、恩诺沙星和四环素的耐药率较高,分别为67%、39%和35%。分离的54株大肠埃希菌中有41株至少含有所检测耐药基因中的1种,CyrA、CyrB、ParC和Tet耐药基因较为普遍,其耐药菌基因检出率依次为96%、83%、100%和95%,13株没有检测到相应的耐药基因。奶牛子宫内膜炎源性大肠埃希菌对常见抗菌药物耐药严重,耐药基因普遍存在于耐药菌株中,除氨基糖苷类耐药菌株,其他3种抗菌药物类型耐药表型与耐药基因检测结果有较高一致性。 相似文献
14.
辽宁猪源大肠埃希菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了调查辽宁省不同地区猪源大肠杆菌病的流行和耐药情况,无菌采集临床疑似大肠杆菌病病死猪或患病猪病料65份,经细菌分离培养及生化试验,共分离到65株大肠埃希菌,分离率为100%。对分离到的菌株进行药物敏感试验及超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBLs)筛选和确证试验,结果显示,辽宁地区分离株均表现出不同程度的耐药,耐药菌株占98.46%,其中对四环素、青霉素及氨苄西林的耐药率分别为93.33%、81.54%和80.00%;对甲氧苄啶、磺胺异恶唑、氯霉素、恩诺沙星耐药性较高,分别为74.29%、74.29%、69.23%和68.57%;对米诺霉素及多粘菌素B较为敏感,耐药率仅为10%和9.23%;分离株多药耐药率较高,达92.31%。ESBLs确证试验结果发现,辽宁省分离株中29.23%的菌株能产生ESBLs。说明辽宁地区猪大肠埃希菌流行情况较为广泛,耐药情况较为严重。 相似文献
15.
猪大肠杆菌和葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对湘西北地区某猪场患病的仔猪的粪便及病变的脾脏、肝脏、淋巴结、肺脏、肾水肿液进行病原菌分离鉴定,并用Kirby-Bauer法测定分离菌株对15种抗菌药的敏感性。结果表明,患病仔猪分离到大肠杆菌和猪葡萄球菌两种细菌。其中大肠杆菌对庆大霉素、头孢呋肟、丁胺卡那霉素、四环素、先锋必素敏感,对氯霉素、氧哌嗪青霉素、先锋五号、头孢曲松钠、新霉素中介,对羧苄青霉素、强力霉素、青霉素、氨苄青霉素、红霉素有较高的耐药性。葡萄球菌对先锋霉素Ⅴ、丁胺卡那霉素敏感,对头孢曲松钠中介,对其他抗生素耐药。其中大肠杆菌对药物敏感率、中介率、耐药率均为33.33%;葡萄球菌的敏感率为13.33%,中介率为6.67%,耐药率为80.00%。 相似文献
16.
Drug resistance in strains of Escherichia coli isolated from the intestinal tract of pigs in Norway.
E Liven 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1979,20(2):258-269
Faecal samples from 95 healthy pigs and samples of jejunal content from 85 piglets suffering from colienterotoxaemia were tested for the presence of drug resistant E. coli strains. Practically all pigs in both groups harboured E. coli strains resistant to one or more of the 6 antibiotics/chemotherapeutic agents tested (Oxytetracycline, streptomycin, sulphaisodimidin, neomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol). Almost 100% of healthy and approx. 90% of diseased pigs harboured strains resistant to Oxytetracycline, streptomycin and sulphaisodimidin. Pigs with strains resistant to neomycin, ampicillin and chloramphenicol were less frequently found. The predominant coliform flora consisted of E. coli strains” resistant to Oxytetracycline, streptomycin and sulphaisodimidin in 71% to 81% of diseased pigs and in 47% to 69% of the healthy pigs. In diseased pigs ¾ of the animals had a coliform flora dominated by neomycinresistant E. coli strains.Of the 721 resistant E. coli strains isolated from healthy pigs, 11% were single resistant while the corresponding figure for the 518 resistant strains isolated from diseased pigs was 6%. Thus 89% and 94% of strains showed simultaneous resistance to 2 or more antibiotics. E. coli strains resistant to 3 or more drugs were found in approx. 60% and 70% of the isolates from healthy and diseased animals, respectively. Oxytetracycline/streptomycin/sulphaisodimidin resistance was most commonly found, approx. 22% and 38% of the strains from healthy and diseased pigs, respectively, showing this resistance pattern.Transmission of drug resistance which was examined in E. coli strains originating from the diseased pigs was demonstrated in approx. 76% of the isolates. The incidence of drug resistance transfer in single, double, triple and quadruple resistant strains was 11%, 68%, 97% and 98%, respectively. 相似文献
17.
Incidence of drug resistance and transmissible R factors in strains of E. coli isolated from faeces of healthy pigs 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
H Sogaard 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1973,14(3):381-391
Two hundred and twenty-six strains of E. coli were isolated from faeces of 107 pigs at different ages and without clinical signs of infectious diseases. The resistance of the strains to sulphonamide, tetracycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and nalidixic acid was determined. In 74 % of the animals the predominant E. coli flora was found to be resistant to one or more of the drugs mentioned. Fifty-three % of the strains were resistant. Multiple resistance was predominant among resistant strains (67 %). R factors transmissible to a sensitive strain of E. coli K12 W3132 were demonstrated in 28 %. The proportion of resistant strains was largest in young animals (0–14 weeks) accounting for 65 % of the strains isolated, as compared to 43 % of strains from pigs and sows (6 months or more). The incidence of resistance to sulphonamide, tetracycline, and streptomycin was high, whereas most of the strains were sensitive to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. All strains were sensitive to nalidixic acid.The incidence of resistance to antibiotics in a population of pigs to whom these drugs are not fed but applied as therapeutic agents solely seems rather high. When based on clinical findings only, the value is therefore questionable of sulphonamide, tetracycline and streptomycin treatment of infectious diseases caused by E. coli. 相似文献
18.
Schröer U Kaspar H Wallmann J 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,120(9-10):431-441
National Resistance Monitoring of the Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety (BVL), which was put into service in 2001, has made it possible to implement a valid and representative database on the basis of which the resistance situation, development and spread in animal pathogens can be evaluated. Escherichia coil (E. coli) strains originating from calves and pigs suffering from enteritis were first included in the investigations in the 2004/2005 study. A total of 258 bovine and 492 porcine E. coli strains were tested using the broth microdilution method to determine the in vitro susceptibility (minimum inhibitory concentration) to 23 (fattening pigs) and 28 (calves, piglets, weaners) different antimicrobial substances. Considerable prevalences of resistance were found for some antimicrobials. The strains originating from both animal species displayed high prevalences of resistance for tetracycline, trimethoprim, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, doxycycline and ampicillin. Reduced susceptibility was detected particularly in the E. coli strains from calves. The data reveal that the resistance level of E. coli strains isolated from cases of enteric disease in calves and pigs is altogether higher than has so far been reported in pathogens causing different diseases and in other food-producing animal species. Based on the results presented, it is possible to assess the current resistance situation for E. coli strains in calves and pigs in Germany. This in turn helps to deduce the necessary management measures that can be taken in order to minimise resistance to antibiotics. Furthermore, the data help to decide on adequate therapy of E. coli infections of the intestinal tract in calves and pigs and encourage the responsible use of antibiotics in the interests of animal health and consumer protection. 相似文献