共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 562 毫秒
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温敏核不育基因置于不同遗传背景下育性表现变异的遗传初探 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用低温敏核不育系90336S、中温敏核不育系90341S和安农S-1,高温敏核不育系90341S作材料,在自然变温条件下,观察F2代、回交一代的育性表现,发现90336S和90332S的不育起点温度差异由相互独立的两个显性基因（L1,L2）控制,L1,L2 有降低不育起点温度的作用;安农S-1和90341S的不育起点温度差异是由单个不完全显性基因H造成的,H有提高不育起点温度的作用。 相似文献
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优质籼型水稻温敏核不育系228S的选育与利用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
228S是广东华茂高科种业有限公司用安农S为母本,与高州镇江野生稻杂交,F2代筛选不育株再与培矮64S杂交选育而成的籼型水稻温敏核不育系,2005年10月通过广东省科技厅组织的技术鉴定。228S在茂名的稳定不育期比培矮64S长5~6 d,不育期不育性稳定,株叶形态好,稻米品质达国标优质稻谷2级标准,开花习性好,对"九二○"敏感,繁殖制种产量高。所配组合茂杂29(228S/茂恢29)2006年12月通过广东省品种审定。 相似文献
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选用育性转换临界温度低、株叶形态好和具有多个稻瘟病抗源背景(HA79317-7、02428和科辐红2号)的徐S(安湘S/株173)作母本,以配合力好但不育起点温度高的133S作父本进行杂交改良,对杂交后代不育株(系)采取湖南和海南两地穿梭育种、自然低温和人控低温相结合筛选育性转换临界温度,同时通过接种诱发和稻瘟病区增压选择相结合的方法筛选抗病性,于2005年育成了不育起点温度低、株型理想、稻米品质优良、异交率高、配合力好和抗病性较强的水稻光温敏核不育系龙S,2009年通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。 相似文献
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水稻光温敏核不育系不育基因的分子检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对部分水稻光温敏核不育系及相关可育材料中的光温敏核不育基因p/tms12-1和温敏核不育基因tms5进行了检测。通过PCR-RFLP方法,在农垦58S、培矮64S和双8S中检测到光温敏核不育基因p/tms12-1,其SNP位点为G;而安农S-1、Y58S、株1S、农垦58、安农N携带p/tms12-1正常可育基因,其SNP位点为C;农垦58S×农垦58 F1代种子中同时存在C和G 2个SNP位点,测序分析表明,安农S-1、双8S、Y58S和株1S携带有温敏核不育基因tms5,培矮64S、安农N、农垦58和农垦58S不含tms5基因。说明双8S同时携带p/tms12-1和tms5不育基因。 相似文献
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Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
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Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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Tatiana G. Polotow Sandra C. Poppe Cristina V. Vardaris Douglas Ganini Maísa Guariroba Rita Mattei Elaine Hatanaka Maria F. Martins Eduardo F. Bondan Marcelo P. Barros 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6117-6137
Health authorities worldwide have consistently recommended the regular consumption of marine fishes and seafood to preserve memory, sustain cognitive functions, and prevent neurodegenerative processes in humans. Shrimp, crabs, lobster, and salmon are of particular interest in the human diet due to their substantial provision of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/PUFAs) and the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA). However, the optimal ratio between these nutraceuticals in natural sources is apparently the key factor for maximum protection against most neuro-motor disorders. Therefore, we aimed here to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation with (n-3)/PUFAs-rich fish oil, ASTA-rich algal biomass, the combination of them, or krill oil (a natural combination of both nutrients) on baseline redox balance and neuro-inflammation indexes in cerebellum and motor cortex of Wistar rats. Significant changes in redox metabolism were only observed upon ASTA supplementation, which reinforce its antioxidant properties with a putative mitochondrial-centered action in rat brain. Krill oil imposed mild astrocyte activation in motor cortex of Wistar rats, although no redox or inflammatory index was concomitantly altered. In summary, there is no experimental evidence that krill oil, fish oil, oralgal biomass (minor variation), drastically change the baseline oxidative conditions or the neuro-inflammatory scenario in neuromotor-associated rat brain regions. 相似文献
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Youna Hemery Ulla Holopainen Anna-Maija Lampi Pekka Lehtinen Tanja Nurmi Vieno Piironen Minnamari Edelmann Xavier Rouau 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011
Wheat bran is a composite material made of several layers, such as pericarp, testa and aleurone. It could be fractionated into purified fractions, which might either be used as food ingredients, or serve as a starting material for extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of using electrostatic separation as a way to obtain purified fractions from wheat bran. Ultrafine-ground bran obtained either by cryogenic grinding or by grinding at ambient temperature was used as starting material. The ultrafine bran was then charged by tribo-electrification and introduced in a chamber containing two high voltage electrodes, where bran particles were separated depending on their acquired charge, allowing positively and negatively charged fractions to be collected separately. The particle size distribution, microstructure and biochemical composition of the obtained fractions were studied. The charge of the particles was influenced by their biochemical composition: particles rich in highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans (pericarp) were separated from particles rich in β-glucan, ferulic acid and para-coumaric acid (aleurone cell walls). The testa and the intracellular compounds from aleurone were not highly charged, neither positively nor negatively. The most positively charged fraction represented 34% of the initial bran, and contained 62% of the ferulic acid present in the initial bran. The yield of the separation process was good (5.4% loss), and could be further increased. 相似文献
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M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
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Tovar LR Olivos M Gutierrez ME 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(4):189-194
Pulque is made by fermenting the agave sap or aguamiel of Agave atrovirens with a whole array of microorganisms present in the environment including several lactic acid bacteria and yeasts such as
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ascorbic acid was determined in pulque and aguamiel, respectively. Phytase activity in lees, liquid and freeze-dried pulque was assayed by measuring the appearance of phosphate from phytate by a colorimetric method likewise phosphate from phytate
present in fresh corn tortilla was measured after in vitro incubation with pulque. Iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and selenium contents were measured in pulque and corn tortilla as well as in nixtamalized corn flour (NCF), the latter is used to make instant tortilla, since corn provides
most of the energy as well as most of the phytate in the Mexican rural diet. Pulque showed phytase activity but much less ascorbic acid and iron than previously reported; additionally, phytase in pulque hydrolyzed most of phytate’s corn tortilla. Lees, which is mostly made of pulque’s microbiota, significantly accumulated iron and zinc but no selenium. NCF was fortified with iron by the manufacturers but
poorly blended. There were significant differences on selenium content between tortillas samples, apparently some soils in
central Mexico are selenium deficient. Moderate pulque intake appears to increase the bioavailability of iron and zinc bound by phytate in corn. 相似文献
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Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献