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肉鸡发育障碍与矮小综合征是一种包括肠道损害等多症状的传染性疾病,目前已遍布世界各地,在蛋鸡、珍珠鸡和火鸡中均有发生,是一个严重威胁现代养禽业的重大问题。论文从肉鸡发育障碍与矮小综合征的临床症状、病理变化和病原学对其进行了综述,以期为本病的诊断和预防提供参考。 相似文献
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矮小和发育障碍(R&S)综合征于70年代末期在世界肉鸡业报道发现."矮小症"(runting)通常是指病鸡生长发育严重迟缓,45日龄活重仅为300～600克,病鸡羽毛生长迟缓,出现特征性绒毛头."发育障碍"(stunting)是指病鸡生长速度暂时性抑制,体重比同群平均体重轻200克左右.这类病症又称为吸收障碍综合征、鸡苍白综合征和脆骨症. 相似文献
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矮小和发育障碍综合征于20世纪70年代末期发现。矮小症通常是指病鸡生长发育严重迟缓,45日龄活重仅为300-600克,病鸡羽毛生长迟缓,出现特征性绒毛头。发育障碍是指病鸡生长速度暂时性抑制,体重比同群平均体重轻200克左右。该病对肉鸡养殖业威害较大,因此,须重视对其的防制。 相似文献
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肉鸡的吸收不良综合征■安秀林译自《ＷｏｒｌｄＰｏｕｌｔｒｙ》１９９６，（３）鸡吸收不良综合征又称鸡传染性矮小综合征，主要侵害幼年肉鸡的肠道。蛋鸡虽很敏感，但不发生此病，不过常会携带此病的病原体。此病的典型症状就是１０日龄前或更早表现严重的生长停滞。然... 相似文献
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鸡传染性矮小综合征(ISS)是一种较新的疾病,1976年首先在荷兰和美国发现,随后的几年内在世界大部分肉鸡生产地区均有报道。 ISS也被称为“有多个名字和多种表现的疾病”。最主要的病名有:传染性僵鸡综合征、传染性矮小综合征、僵鸡—矮小综合征、“直升飞机”病、吸收不良综合征、苍白鸡综合 相似文献
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肉鸡腹水综合征是世界肉鸡业所面临的三大危害最严重的营养代谢病之一。随着肉鸡业的发展，该病的发生率有逐年上升的趋势。本文主要通过阐述肉鸡腹水综合征的危害、临床症状、发病机理、预防和减缓肉鸡腹水综合征的营养与饲养技术等，为降低实际生产中肉鸡腹水综合征的发生提供参考。 相似文献
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Vaccines against mildly pathogenic avian influenza (AI) have been used in turkeys within the United States as part of a comprehensive control strategy. Recently, AI vaccines have been used in control programs against highly pathogenic (HP) AI of chickens in Pakistan and Mexico. A recombinant fowl pox-AI hemagglutinin subtype (H) 5 gene insert vaccine has been shown to protect specific-pathogen-free chickens from HP H5 AI virus (AIV) challenge and has been licensed by the USDA for emergency use. The ability of the recombinant fowl pox vaccine to protect chickens preimmunized against fowl pox is unknown. In the current study, broiler breeders (BB) and white leghorn (WL) pullets vaccinated with a control fowl poxvirus vaccine (FP-C) and/or a recombinant fowl poxvirus vaccine containing an H5 hemagglutinin gene insert (FP-HA) were challenged with a HP H5N2 AIV isolated from chickens in Mexico. When used alone, the FP-HA vaccine protected BB and WL chickens from lethal challenge, but when given as a secondary vaccine after a primary FP-C immunization, protection against a HP AIV challenge was inconsistent. Both vaccines protected against virulent fowl pox challenge. This lack of consistent protection against HPAI may limit use to chickens without previous fowl pox vaccinations. In addition, prior exposure to field fowl poxvirus could be expected to limit protection induced by this vaccine. 相似文献
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Experimental chicken/guinea fowl hybrids, guinea fowl, and chickens were orally inoculated with Eimeria acervulina or E. tenella, which are specific for chickens, or with E. grenieri, which is specific for guinea fowl. No intact oocysts were found in feces within 24 hr of inoculation, suggesting that excystation occurred in the normal and abnormal hosts. No oocysts were found in the feces of hybrids during a 9-day postinoculation period. The guinea fowl passed oocysts of guinea fowl coccidia (E. grenieri) but not those of chicken coccidia, and the chickens passed oocysts of chicken coccidia (E. acervulina and E. tenella) but not those of guinea fowl coccidia. Some asexual development (schizogony) occurred in hybrids inoculated with E. tenella, but sexual development (gametogony) did not. In contrast, quail/chicken hybrids became infected with oocysts of chicken coccidia (E. acervulina, E. tenella, and E. maxima) and quail coccidia (E. bateri) and passed a few oocysts during the normal patent period; control chickens and quails became heavily infected with oocysts of chicken and quail coccidia, respectively. 相似文献
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Pathogenicity of two avian poxviruses isolated from endangered Hawaiian wild birds, the Hawaiian Goose and the Palila, was compared with fowl poxvirus in chickens. Immune responses were measured by ELISA pre- and postimmunization with Hawaiian poxviruses and after challenge with fowl poxvirus. Both isolates from Hawaiian birds developed only a localized lesion of short duration at the site of inoculation in specific-pathogen-free chickens and did not provide protection against subsequent challenge with virulent fowl poxvirus. On the other hand, birds inoculated with virulent fowl poxvirus developed severe lesions. In contrast to high antibody response in chickens immunized with fowl poxvirus, birds immunized with either of the two Hawaiian isolates developed low to moderate antibody responses against viral antigens. The level of immune responses, however, increased in birds of all groups following subsequent challenge. 相似文献
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Influenza A/turkey/Oregon/71 virus has antigenic characteristics of fowl plague virus but is avirulent for chickens. The virus was inoculated intratracheally in chickens at several dosage levels and resulted in the formation of antibody and immunity against fowl plague. The avirulent virus replicated in chickens and was recoverable by tracheal swab specimens up to 4 days after inoculation. Although the virus was transmitted to contact controls at the time when their cagemates were inoculated, it was not transmitted to contact controls placed with chickens inoculated 24 hours earlier. After 10 passages in chickens, the virus remained avirulent for chickens and turkeys. 相似文献
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I J Smart D H Embury D A Barr A J Sinclair H Karunajeewa I Ewing R L Reece W M Forsyth P T Hooper 《Avian diseases》1985,29(4):1201-1211
The role of selenium deficiency in the etiology of the runting-stunting syndrome (RSS) of broiler chickens in Australia was investigated. Commercial broiler chickens maintained on selenium-deficient developed signs consistent with selenium deficiency of exudative diathesis and markedly reduced plasma glutathione peroxidase activity, but they did not develop pancreatic atrophy and fibrosis or elevated plasma amylase activity, which are the other lesions associated with RSS. Supplementation of the diets of birds from a RSS-susceptible flock with a mixture of selenium, vitamin E, cysteine, and sulfate had no effect on the incidence of runting in the treated birds. In field outbreaks of RSS there were no observable differences between affected and unaffected birds in the concentration of selenium in tissue samples. Furthermore, evidence is presented which suggests that in cases of RSS, pancreatic atrophy and elevations in plasma amylase precede reductions in plasma glutathione peroxidase activity. 相似文献
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动物红细胞免疫功能的研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
本文应用免疫花环试验测定了黑白花奶牛、水牛、鸡、鸭、小灵猫以及鸡传染性法氏囊病、马立克氏病和霍乱病红细胞上C_3b受体与免疫复合物的变化。检测了它们在红细胞上形成的花环。结果表明,动物因种属不同,红细胞上C_3b受体的数量有着极明显的差异,以鸭为最多,黑白花奶牛最少。动物患病后,红细胞上的C_3b受体可明显地减少。鸡传染性法氏囊病、霍乱病和马立克氏病皆非常明显地低于健康鸡。而红细胞上的免疫复合物,各种动物虽有差异,但差异不显著。患病鸡略低于健康鸡。 相似文献
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The pathogenicity of three Australian fowl plague viruses, FPV-1, FPV-2, FPV-3, isolated during a natural outbreak of the disease varied for chickens, turkeys and ducks. FPV-1 and FPV-2 were pathogenic for chickens and turkeys, but not for ducks. However, these viruses were not highly pathogenic as they failed to cause illness or death in all birds that became infected. FPV-3 was non-pathogenic for the three species tested.The viruses spread from infected to in-contact birds, and more readily to ducks than to chickens or turkeys. All chickens and turkeys infected with the fowl plague viruses developed specific serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody which persisted for up to 85 days after infection. The titre of this antibody wan ed in six of 16 ducks over an 85-day period and two ducks failed to produce detectable specific HaI antibody despite being infected with the virus. 相似文献
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Fumihiko OKUMURA Takeshi SHIMOGIRI Kotaro KAWABE Shin OKAMOTO Masahide NISHIBORI Yoshio YAMAMOTO Yoshizane MAEDA 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(2):188-195
The gene constitution of polymorphisms of the four calpain genes (µ‐calpain, m‐calpain, p94, and µ/m‐calpain) were analyzed in South‐East Asian native chickens, White Leghorn and Broiler commercial chickens, and Red and Green jungle fowl. Polymorphisms were detected at all loci in chickens and Red jungle fowl, but only for CAPN1 (µ‐calpain gene) in Green jungle fowl. CAPN2 and CAPN1.5 are linked on chicken chromosome 3, and the genotype for these loci were treated as haplotype. Some combinations of calpain loci were tested using principal component analysis, and the best combination (CAPN1, CAPN3, and CAPN1.5) was determined. The proportion of polymorphic loci (Ppoly) and heterozygosity (H?) were 1.00 and 0.316–0.465 in domestic chickens and red jungle fowl, and 0.33 and 0.137 in Green jungle fowl, respectively. GST values suggested that the degree of subdivision among native chickens was relatively low except for Thailand, which was highest. Pair‐wise FST testing, dendrogram and principal component analysis from the results of calpain loci showed that the four South‐East Asian native and commercial chicken populations were close genetically. 相似文献
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本文报告不同剂量禽霍乱蜂胶灭活疫苗对雏鸡免疫的安全性和效果，按雏难的日龄分成Ⅰ组，Ⅱ组，Ⅲ组，Ⅳ组共４组。结果，Ⅰ组接种０．３ｍｌ，０．４ｍｌ，０．５ｍｌ苗的鸡反应率分别为１６．７４％，１６．７６，１７．７９％，免疫后３个月统计，死亡率分别为３．０９％，２．８５％，２．８９％。Ⅱ组接种０．３ｍｌ，０．５ｍｌ，０．７ｍｌ苗的反应率分别为１２．８２％，１３．８３％，１６．２６％，死亡率分别为４．２９％ 相似文献