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1.
meta-Aramid fibers have an excellent heat-resistant property and are widely used for protective clothings such as fire-fighter suit and racing suit. They can also be used as military uniforms such as flight suit or army uniform. Vat dyes are specially used for military uniforms owing to outstanding fastness properties, earth tone shade, and near infrared (NIR) camouflage. In this study, 100 % meta-aramid woven fabric was dyed with three vat dyes using an exhaustion method and their dyeing and fastness properties were investigated. Color yields of the vat dyes on the meta-aramid fabric were found to be dependent upon dyeing temperature, liquor ratio, amount of reducing agent, and amount of salt. Dyeing behavior of the vat dye on the meta-aramid fiber was very similar to that on cellulose fibers. It was found that the meta-aramid fabric dyed with 1% owf of C.I. Vat Green 1 satisfied the tolerance of the reflectance spectrum of forest green color in the Korean military standard. Thermal stability and mechanical property of the meta-aramid fabric did not significantly affected by the vat dyeing process. Wash and perspiration fastness was generally good but rubbing and light fastness was unsatisfied. 相似文献
2.
Treatment of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) onto m-aramid fabric was carried out by pad-dry-cure method using dimethylformamide (DMF) dissolved acrylic fiber solution. The obtained PAN treated m-aramid fabric was dyed using exhaustion method with basic dyes. The effect of PAN treatment on fabric stiffness property was acceptable with acrylic fiber solutions ranging from 1 wt% to 4 wt%. Whilst, more than 4 wt% PAN treated fabrics exhibited undesirable stiffness. The dyeing results showed that PAN treated m-aramid fabrics exhibited a significant increase in color strength when compared to untreated fabric, arising from an increase in anionic dye sites (styrene SO3 ? group). Wash fastness was comparable to that of untreated fabric, indicating the strong interaction between dye molecules and the PAN. Rubbing fastness of treated fabrics was not affected by treatments with PAN concentrations lower than 4 wt%. Further increase in PAN concentration led to poorer rubbing fastness property due to the problem of surface dyeing. For light fastness, the PAN treatment failed to improve the light fastness property which is the main disadvantage of basic dyeing of aramid fabric. Finally, in case of PAN treatments with the range of 1 wt% to 4 wt%, the flame retardancy property of PAN treated m-aramid fabrics was found not affected by the percent add-on. However, above 4 wt% PAN treatment, the flame retardancy performance became deteriorated. 相似文献
3.
Azo disperse dyes (D1-D13) were prepared by various diazotized aryl amines coupled with N-(phenyl)-2-[(4-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)amino] acetamide. All the azo disperse dyes have been characterized by their percentage yield, UV-VIS spectroscopy, elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, and dyeing performance on polyester fiber. These dyes were applied to polyester fabric by HTHP method and their fastness properties were evaluated. All the dyes gave moderate to excellent fastness properties on polyester fiber. The main focus was to synthesize azo disperse dyes that give good dyeing property along with pharmacological activity. Therefore, the synthesized compounds were examined for their antimicrobial activity at various concentrations using well-known Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. 相似文献
4.
Dyeing characteristics and fastness of 100 % m-aramid fiber with some commercial dyes were investigated on various dyeing conditions, such as using a swelling agent and
electrolyte as auxiliaries. Among commercial dyes used, the basic dyes showed comparatively higher exhaustion yield comparing
to those of disperse dyes and acid dyes. Under acidic conditions in the range pH 3 to 5, preferably between pH 3 and 4, the
stability of cationic dyes could be enhanced leading to higher adsorption. Dye exhaustions of trichromatic dyes were increased
proportionally to concentration of swelling agents ranging from 1 to 4 g/l. The addition of electrolyte provided increased K/S values after washing process compared with those of blank dyeings, where the greatest effect was observed with NaNO3. 相似文献
5.
A series of polymeric dyes were synthesized by free radical addition polymerization of monomeric dyes. The 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole
was diazotized and coupled with various N-arylmaleimides to give monomeric dyes. All the polymeric dyes were characterized
by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, visible absorption spectroscopy, viscometry, and thermogravimetric analysis.
Color and dyeing properties of the polymeric dyes were discussed by comparing them with those of the corresponding monomeric
dyes. The dyeing performance of these dyes was assessed on nylon fiber. These dyes were found to give various color shades
with good to very good depth and levelness on the fiber. The dyeing of the monomeric dyes showed moderate fastness to light
and good to excellent fastness to washing, perspiration and sublimation and their corresponding polymeric dyes showed excellent
fastness properties. The dyebath exhaustion and fixation on nylon fiber has been found to be good. 相似文献
6.
Nine disperse dyes have been synthesized by diazotization of 2-amino-4-(p-nitrophenyl)-5-nitrothiazole and coupled to substituted
N-alkylanilines. Spectral properties in the IR and visible range of the dyes obtained were investigated. The dyeing performance
of these dyes was assessed on nylon and polyester fibers. These dyes were found to give reddish brown to bluish violet shades
on dyeing with very good depth, brightness and levelness on nylon and polyester fibers. The dyed fibers showed fairly good
light fastness, very good to excellent fastness to wash, rubbing, perspiration and excellent fastness to sublimation. The
dyebath exhaustion and fixation on the fiber were found to be very good. 相似文献
7.
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is known for environmentally friendly material as it is derived from annually renewable crops and biodegradable. Dispersant-free dyeing of PLA fabric with three temporarily solubilized azo disperse dyes which contain β-sulfatoethylsulfonyl group was investigated and their dyeing and fastness properties were compared with those of commercial disperse dyes. The temporarily solubilized azo disperse dyes were successfully applied to PLA fabric without the use of dispersant. The color yield on PLA fabric was dependent on dyebath pH and dyeing temperature as well. The optimum results were obtained at pH 7-8 and 110 °C. The dyes showed markedly higher color yield on PLA fabric when compared to commercial disperse dyes. Wash fastness was very poor to poor but light fastness was good. The COD levels of the dyeing effluent from the temporarily solubilized disperse dyes were considerably lower than those from commercial disperse dyes. 相似文献
8.
Temporarily solubilized azo disperse dyes based on 1,2-substituted indoles were synthesized and characterized. Dispersant-free
dyeing of polyester by using the synthesized dyes has been investigated. The colour yields of the dyes on the polyester fabric
were found to be highly dependent on the dyeing pH, optimum results being obtained at pH 5. The dyes exhibited good to excellent
fastness properties on polyester while lightfastness was moderate. 相似文献
9.
Dispersant-free PTT dyeing of temporarily solubilized azo disperse dyes based on pyridone moiety which contain β-sulfatoethylsulfonyl
group was investigated. The dyes were successfully applied to PTT without the use of dispersants. The color yields of the
dyes on PTT fabric were dependent on dyeing pH as well as dyeing temperature. The optimum results were obtained at pH 5–6
and 110 °C. The dyes showed alkali-clearing property and exhibited good to excellent fastness on the PTT fabric. The COD levels
of the dyeing effluent from the temporarily solubilized disperse dyes were much smaller than those from commercial disperse
dye. 相似文献
10.
M. A. El-Borai H. F. Rizk G. B. El-Hefnawy H. F. El-Sayed S. A. Ibrahim 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(12):2061-2068
Three series of mono and disazo disperse dyes were synthesized from 2-amino-4-(pyridin-3-yl) thiazole. The structure of the synthesized dyes was confirmed by elemental analysis, ultraviolet-visible, infrared, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. The dyeing parameters, perspiration, wash and light fastness of eighteen azo disperse dyes on polyester have been investigated. Application of these dyes on polyester fabric gave yellow to reddish hues for mono azo derivatives and reddish to dark brown hues for disazo derivatives with fair to moderate light fastness and moderate to good wash and perspiration fastness grade. In addition, the synthesized dyes were screened for their antimicrobial activities against some gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi. Some of the prepared dyes gave excellent results against most of the tested organisms. 相似文献
11.
Eui-Jae Lee Kyung-Won Kim Geun-Hyeong Kim Chae-Eun Park Jae-Hong Choi 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(9):1791-1798
As the diameter of polyamide fibers decreased to finer denier, the dyeing fastness tends to be deteriorated due to the increase of their surface area, particularly both light fastness and wash fastness. In this study, three acid dyes were synthesized utilizing a sulfonation reaction starting from corresponding hydrophobic dye (for yellow and red dye) and dye intermediate containing a sulfonic acid group (for blue dye), those featured by high light fastness property. A Gaussian structural prediction model was used to determine the structure of the acid dyes prior to dye synthesis, and the optimal structures of three acid dyes were analyzed. Dye structures prepared were confirmed by 1H-NMR, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. By using a UV-vis spectrophotometer, the absorption maxima and molar extinction coefficient were also measured for three acid dyes comparing to that of the corresponding disperse dye or blue dye intermediate. Judging from spectroscopic data, the introduction of sulfonyl groups led to increase of molar extinction coefficient and a bathochromic shift. 相似文献
12.
Azohydroxypyridone disperse dyes containing a fluorosulfonyl group were dyed on PET/cotton blends and their dyeing and fastness
properties were investigated. Specially, the azohydroxypyridone dyes containing a nitro group in place of the fluorosulfonyl
group in the para position to azo group were synthesized in order to compare their dyeing and fastness properties on PET/cotton blends with
those of fluorosulfonyl-substituted analogues. As these dyes can be alkali cleared in the same bath, a one-bath dyeing method
was used and the results were compared with that of a conventional two-bath dyeing method. In particular, the cross-staining
of cotton was studied in order to assess their suitability for the one-bath dyeing of PET/cotton blends. 相似文献
13.
Poly(1,4-phenylene sulfide) (PPS) exhibits good dimensional stability and flame retardant characteristics but its commercial development as fibers is highly limited due to lesser dyeing and finishing characteristics. Hence in the present study, we focused on the anionic and cationic modifications of PPS to enhance its dyeing ability towards disperse, cationic, and anionic dyes. Novel sulfonation and chloromethylation-quaternization of PPS fiber were carried out to achieve an industrially viable dyeing process methodology. The chemically modified PPS fiber is dyed with disperse, cationic, and anionic dyes, and the dyeing adsorption efficiency is quantitatively studied using a dye-o-meter equipped with UV-visible absorption spectroscope. The ideal parameters for dye adsorption were determined as a function of dyeing time, material-toliquor ratio, dyeing temperature, carrier concentration, sulfonation, and chloromethylation. The fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were also studied. Overall, with a maximum dye uptake of 99 % and 90 % achieved for sulfonated PPS and quaternized PPS respectively, the optimized conditions can be readily scaled-up to the commercial dyeing of PPS fiber with disperse, anionic, and cationic dyes. 相似文献
14.
Five temporarily solubilized reactive disperse dyes were synthesized and characterized. They were applied to polyester/cotton
blend fabric using one-bath dyeing method without dispersing agent. The dye that has azonaphthalene chromophore seemed to
not only be exhausted on polyester but also react with cotton. But other dyes were selectively dyed on polyester and showed
limited uptake on cotton. Good levelling as well as moderate to good colour fastness was obtained with the dyes on P/C blend
fabric. 相似文献
15.
Five yellow disperse dyes were synthesized and their dyeing, fastness and photodegradation behaviors were investigated. It
was found that dyes derived from phenylindole and N-alkylaminobenzene showed dye uptake directly proportional to the dye concentration,
but the build-up of dyes derived from carbazole and pyridone were not good. The wavelength at maximum absorption, molar extinction
coefficient, and the tendency to the photodegradation were strongly dependent on the electron donating ability of the coupling
component. The dye, whose coupling component was phenylindole, possessed the excellent dyeing properties and the high degree
of lightfastness. UVA had an effect on the inhibition of the photodegradation especially for the easily photodegradable dyes. 相似文献
16.
Aramid fibers have been known to difficult to dye with conventional dyes and dyeing techniques because of its extremely high
crystallinity and compactness. In order to make the aramid fibers dyeable to a bright color in deep shade, meta-aramid fabrics were photografted under continuous UV irradiation with dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide (DMAPMA) and benzophenone
as a monomer and a hydrogen-abstractable photoinitiator respectively. Several factors affecting the photografting treatment
of the meta-aramid fabrics were investigated including monomer and photoinitiator concentrations. ATR, ESCA and SEM analysis
indicated significant alterations on the chemical structure and atomic composition of the photografted fabric surface and
the fabric surface was covered with the grafted polymers. While the pristine meta-aramid fabrics showed no appreciable dyeability
to the α-bromoacrylamide type reactive dyes, the grafted aramid fabrics showed the remarkably enhanced dyeability to the reactive
dyes, which was proportional to the graft yield indicating the covalent bond formation between the dyes and the secondary
amino groups in the grafted DMAPMA. In case of C.I. Reactive Red 84, a K/S value of 14.8 can be obtained with the grafted meta-aramid fabrics with a graft yield of 7.6 % (w/w). Also and the color
fastness properties of the dyed fabrics was excellent in the conditions of washing, rubbing and solar irradiation. 相似文献
17.
Ali Etemadifar Hamed Dehghanizadeh Navid Nasirizadeh Masoud Rohani-Moghadam 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(2):254-260
Recently a revival interest in the use of natural dyes in textile coloration has been growing. The major parts of natural dyes are anthraquinones. Depending on substituents, anthraquinone compounds are dyes, as represented by Alizarin Red S (ARS) which is a major constituent of the natural colorant madder. In this study, colorization of wool fiber by ARS as a natural dye was studied. The progress of the colorization process was followed spectrophotometrically at 500 nm as λ max. The effective factors on the process were investigated using one factor at a time (OFT) method. Then, the central composite design (CCD) method was applied to design experiments for the evaluation of the interactive effects of the four most important operating variables. The values of the optimized factors for OFT and CCD methods in wool dyeing with ARS were respectively as follow: temperature 70 °C and 55 °C, L/R: 40/1 and 40/2, pH 5.0 and 2.5 and time 60.0 min and 42.0 min. The predicted results by CCD had significantly higher exhaustion percentages and relatively better fastness properties than OFT and were found to be in a good agreement (R2=0.9908) with those obtained by performing experiments. Finally, the obtained results were shown a good wash fastness for dyed wool with ARS. 相似文献
18.
Dyeing characteristics of meta-aramid fibers were investigated in supercritical carbon dioxide by employing three disperse dyes and a carrier. The effects of dyeing temperature, pressure, time, dye concentration, CO2 flow, and carrier concentration on dyeing properties were investigated. The results showed that meta-aramid fiber could be dyed in supercritical carbon dioxide. Its color depth was improved with increasing dyeing temperature, pressure, time, dye concentration, CO2 flow, and carrier concentration. Moreover, the color depth could be significantly improved by adding the carrier. The dyeing procedure of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid did not influence the chemical structure and antistatic properties of the meta-aramid fiber. The maximum decomposition temperature and breaking strength of the dyed meta-aramid fiber are slightly increased. The dyed meta-aramid fiber in supercritical carbon dioxide had good fastness, which was rated at 4–5. 相似文献
19.
Kwon Sun Lee Beom Soo Lee Young Hwan Park Yoon Chul Park Yong Min Kim Sung Hoon Jeong Sung Dong Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2005,6(1):35-41
Research and development of nano fiber products is very active over the world. Physical characteristics and dyeing properties
of nylon 66 nano fiber were investigated in this study. X-ray diffraction, DSC, analysis of amino end group, and water absorption
were performed to get information concerning physical properties of nano fiber. Nylon 66 nano fiber was dyed with high molecular
mass acid dyes. Effects of dyeing temperature, pH of dyeing solution, and concentration of acid dyes on dyeing properties
such as rate of dyeing and the extent of exhaustion, were examined and compared to those of regular fiber. It was found that
nano fiber adsorbed acid dyes at lower temperature, got rapidly dyed, and its extents of exhaustion at specific dyeing temperature
were higher than regular fiber. It was also observed that nano fiber could adsorb a large amount of acid dye without a significant
loss in the extent of exhaustion. Washing fastness of the dyed nano fiber was lower by 1/2∼1 grade, light fastness by 1 grade
than the dyed regular fiber. 相似文献
20.
A series of monoazo disperse dyes based on 2-amino-4-phenylthiazole was prepared using variousN,N-dialkylaniline derivatives as the coupling component. The dyes were characterized by IR spectral studies, visible absorption
spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The dyeing performance of these dyes was assessed on cellulose triacetate and nylon fibers.
These dyes were found to give a wide range of colour shades varying from bright red to royal blue with very good depth, brightness
and levelness on fibers. The dyed fibers showed good to very good light fastness and very good to excellent fastness to washing,
perspiration, rubbing and sublimation. The dyebath exhaustion and fixation on the fibers were found to be very good. 相似文献