不同品种授粉对‘轮台白杏’坐果及果实品质的影响          下载免费PDF全文

安晓芹  廖康  孙慧瑛  刘娟  李永闲  廖小龙  王云 《浙江农林大学学报》2013,30(2):187-193

 以‘轮台白杏’Armeniaca vulgaris ‘Luntaibaixing’与26个新疆杏品种进行正反交,探讨不同品种授粉对‘轮台白杏’坐果及果实品质的影响。结果表明：不同品种授粉均提高了‘轮台白杏’坐果率,以‘卡巴克胡安娜’‘Kabakehuanna’,‘伊犁阿克玉吕克’‘Yiliakeyulvke’,‘特尔湾玉吕克’‘Teerwanyulvke’等品种效果为佳,但反交中经‘轮台白杏’授粉,仅有‘库车白杏’‘Kuchebaixing’等8个品种的坐果率有所增加,其余品种坐果率则低于自然授粉;与自然授粉所得果实比较,‘轮台白杏’的单果质量、果核质量以及可溶性固形物、维生素C、可滴定酸、总糖均受授粉品种影响,其中‘早熟胡安娜’‘Zaoshuhuanna’,‘阿克达拉孜’‘Akedalazi’,‘阿克阿依’‘Akeayi’等品种授粉后果实维生素C极显著降低（P＜0.01）,‘阿克阿依’,‘贾格达玛依桑’‘Jiagedamayisang’,‘米录’‘Milu’等品种授粉后可滴定酸极显著提高（P＜0.01）;果形指数受授粉品种影响较少,仅‘库车白杏’,‘卡拉胡安娜’‘Kalahuanna’授粉对‘轮台白杏’果形指数有极显著影响,‘大果胡安娜’‘Daguohuanna’等5个品种授粉为显著降低（P＜0.05）;综合坐果率考虑,‘卡巴克胡安娜’,‘早熟胡安娜’,‘伊犁阿克玉吕克’适于做‘轮台白杏’授粉树。不同品种授粉对‘轮台白杏’坐果及果实品质存在效果差异,生产中可根据需要选择父本提高坐果率和改善果实品质。表5参10  相似文献   

Effects of exogenous spermidine on the photosynthesis of Cucumis sativus L. seedlings under rhizosphere hypoxia stress     

Tian Wang  Suping Wang  Shirong Guo  Yanjun Sun 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2008,2(1):55-60

With water culture, this paper studied the effects of exogenous spermidine (Spd) on the net photosynthetic rate (P _n), intercellular CO₂ concentrations (C _i), stomatal conductance (G _s), transpiration rate (T _r), apparent quantum yield (Φ _c), and carboxylation efficiency (CE) of cucumber seedlings under hypoxia stress. The results showed that P _n decreased gradually under the hypoxia stress, and reached the minimum 10 days later, which was 63.33% of the control. Compared with that of the hypoxia-stressed plants, the P _n 10 days after the application of exogenous Spd increased by 1.25 times. A negative correlation (R ²=0.473−0.7118) was found between _{P n} and C _i, and G _s and T _r changed in wider ranges, which decreased under the hypoxia-stress, but increased under the hypoxia-stress plus exogenous Spd application. There was a significant positive correlation between G _s and T _r (R ²=0.7821−0.9458), but these two parameters had no significant correlation with P _n. The hypoxia stress induced a decrease of Φ _c and CE by 63.01% and 72.33%, respectively, while the hypoxia stress plus exogenous Spd application made Φ _c and CE increase by 23% and 14%, respectively. The photo-inhibition of cucumber seedlings under hypoxia stress was mainly caused by non-stomatal inhibition, while the exogenous Spd alleviating the hypoxia stress by repairing photosynthesis systems. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2006, 17(9): 1609–1612 [译自: 应用生态学报]  相似文献   

华北驼绒藜和四翅滨藜对干旱胁迫的生理反应     

席艳丽  蔡进军  刘统高  许浩  董立国  马璠  李生宝 《西北农业学报》2017,(5):790-796

为研究引种小灌木在干旱胁迫下的生理光合特性,以1a生华北驼绒藜、四翅滨藜2种扦插苗为试验材料,研究土壤水分[土壤水分为田间持水量的85%~90%(CK)、65%~70%(T_1)、50%~55%(T_2)和35%~40%(T_3)]对2种灌木光合生理指标的影响。结果表明:随着水分胁迫程度的增加,2种灌木根冠比、电解质外渗率呈现CKT_1T_2T_3的变化规律;丙二醛质量摩尔浓度与CK相比,各水平下均显著增加,且都在T_2水平下达最大;过氧化物酶活性在T_1水平下达到最大,分别为340.83U·mg~(-1)·min~(-1)、862.93U·mg~(-1)·min~(-1);在T_2水平下,四翅滨藜脯氨酸质量分数较CK增加28倍;华北驼绒藜叶片蒸腾速率(T_r)、净光合速率(P_n)均呈现出CKT_1T_2T_3的变化特征;在T_1水平下,四翅滨藜叶绿体色素(叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素)增加,光合能力增强。  相似文献   

Quantifying key model parameters for wheat leaf gas exchange under different environmental conditions          下载免费PDF全文

ZHAO Fu-nian  ZHOU Shuang-xi  WANG Run-yuan  ZHANG Kai  WANG He-ling  YU Qiang 《农业科学学报》2020,19(9):2188-2205

The maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco(V_(cmax)) and maximum rate of electron transport(J_(max)) for the biochemical photosynthetic model, and the slope(m) of the Ball-Berry stomatal conductance model influence gas exchange estimates between plants and the atmosphere. However, there is limited data on the variation of these three parameters for annual crops under different environmental conditions. Gas exchange measurements of light and CO_2 response curves on leaves of winter wheat and spring wheat were conducted during the wheat growing season under different environmental conditions. There were no significant differences for V_(cmax), J_(max) or m between the two wheat types. The seasonal variation of V_(cmax), J_(max) and m for spring wheat was not pronounced, except a rapid decrease for V_(cmax) and J_(max) at the end of growing season. V_(cmax) and J_(max) show no significant changes during soil drying until light saturated stomatal conductance(gssat) was smaller than 0.15 mol m~(–2) s~(–1). Meanwhile, there was a significant difference in m during two different water supply conditions separated by gssat at 0.15 mol m~(–2) s~(–1). Furthermore, the misestimation of V_(cmax) and J_(max) had great impacts on the net photosynthesis rate simulation, whereas, the underestimation of m resulted in underestimated stomatal conductance and transpiration rate and an overestimation of water use efficiency. Our work demonstrates that the impact of severe environmental conditions and specific growing stages on the variation of key model parameters should be taken into account for simulating gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere. Meanwhile, modification of m and V_(cmax)(and J_(max)) successively based on water stress severity might be adopted to simulate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere under drought.  相似文献