共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 119 毫秒
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我国部分小麦地方品种Waxy基因多样性研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
利用2对STS引物、1对SSR引物和1对基因特异引物分析了1739份中国小麦地方品种Waxy基因的变异情况。检测出Wx-Al基因缺失突变材料3份，Wx-Bl基因缺失突变材料25份，Wx-Dl基因缺失突变材料3份。利用SDS-PAGE方法对以上Waxy基因突变材料在蛋白质水平上进行鉴定，验证了Waxy分子标记在种质资源研究中的有效性。向育种家推荐一批具有不同Waxy基因缺失的地方种质，并提供了全部品种的缺失类型。 相似文献
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小麦糯性突变体的筛选 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
利用SDS－PAGE技术，从河北省小麦地方品种及国内外小麦育成种1270份中，发现Wx-B1突变体63份，Wx-D1突变体4份，Wx－E2份。红蘖麦和白芒白等品种的发现，丰富了品质育种的亲本；长穗偃麦草的蜡质基因与小麦蜡质基因不同，可以进行更深入的分子水平研究。研究表明，地方品种和育成种具有相似的突变规律；国外优良品质材料含有较高的Wx-B1突变频率；国内以源自北京、山西、陕西、云南的材料突变频率最高；河北、河南、山东、江苏等省份突变频率居中；而四川、天津、黑龙江和安徽等省份的样本量太小，突变频率也最低。该频率分布规律为信后育成种筛选的重点提供了帮助。 相似文献
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为了明确光周期基因显隐性组成在我国小麦品种中的分布情况,利用小麦光周期基因Ppd-A1、Ppd-B1和Ppd-D1的STS分子标记,对我国180份小麦品种进行分子标记检测。结果显示,所有供试材料在B1位点均检测为隐性Ppd-B1b。在A1位点,仅有扬麦11品种检测为显性Ppd-A1a(0.6%),其余检测材料均为隐性Ppd-A1b;在D1位点,有5份材料检测为隐性,其余175份材料检测均为显性Ppd-D1a(97.2%)。对所有材料进行基因型统计分析,发现我国品种主要存在Ppd-A1b/Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1b、Ppd-A1b/Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1a和Ppd-A1a/Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1a几种基因型。研究结果表明,我国小麦品种的光周期不敏感特性主要是Ppd-D1位点的变异,在Ppd-A1、Ppd-B1位点的变异较少。 相似文献
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优良面条小麦品种的重要品质特征包括较低的直链淀粉含量、低多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)活性和低黄色素含量。本研究利用3个Waxy蛋白、4个PPO活性和6个黄色素含量等位基因的分子标记,对2000-2012年期间四川省审定的105份小麦品种进行基因检测。结果表明:针对淀粉特性,含Wx-B1b基因(Wx-B1缺失)的品种有34份(32.4%),未检测到含Wx-A1b(Wx-A1缺失)和Wx-D1b(Wx-D1缺失)的品种;针对PPO活性,在Ppo-A1位点含Ppo-A1b(低PPO活性)的品种有55份(52.4%),在Ppo-D1位点含Ppo-D1a(低PPO活性)的品种有78份(74.3%);针对黄色素含量,在Psy-A1位点含Psy-A1b(低黄色素含量)的品种有56份(53.3%),未检测到含Psy-A1c的品种,在Psy-B1位点含Psy-B1b(低黄色素含量)的品种有59份(56.2%),未检测到含Psy-B1e的品种。105份品种中兼有Waxy蛋白亚基缺失(Wx-B1b)、低PPO活性(Ppo-A1b和Ppo-D1a)和低黄色素含量等位基因(Psy-A1b和Psy-B1b)的品种有10份,频率为9.5%。利用这些优质基因较全面的品种作为亲本材料,在品质育种中逐步导入上述优质基因,是综合提高四川小麦面条质量的有效途径。 相似文献
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硬粒小麦籽粒中黄色素含量与硬粒小麦面制品的加工品质关系较为密切,研究控制小麦黄色素含量基因的等位变异、选育高黄色素含量品种是硬粒小麦品质育种的重要目标。以来自不同国家的177份硬粒小麦品种为材料,采用特异引物的PCR扩增技术,利用与黄色素含量有关的PSY基因功能性标记YP7A-2、YP7B-1、YP7B-2、YP7B-3、YP7B-4,分别对参试小麦品种中7A和7B染色体上Psy-A1和Psy-B1基因的等位变异类型进行了检测。结果表明,位于硬粒小麦7A染色体上的Psy-A1的变异类型较为单一,只有Psy-A1d和Psy-A1e两种类型,分布频率分别为76.8%和23.2%;而位于硬粒小麦7B染色体上的Psy-B1 的变异类型有6种,分别为Psy-B1b、Psy-B1c、Psy-B1d、Psy-B1e、Psy-B1f和Psy-B1g,分布频率分别为9.0%、0.6%、0.6%、6.8%、25.4%和57.6%。其中,Psy-B1b、Psy-B1c、Psy-B1d首次在硬粒小麦品种中被发现,这在一定程度上丰富了硬粒小麦品种Psy1基因多态性。有34个品种含有Psy-A1d/Psy-B1f、12个品种含有Psy-A1d/Psy-B1g和1个品种含有Psy-A1d/Psy-B1c的基因型组合,为高黄色素含量品种;有28个品种含有Psy-A1e/Psy-B1g和1个品种含有Psy-A1e/Psy-B1b基因型组合,为低黄色素含量品种。本研究结果为硬粒小麦品质育种提供了重要的材料资源。 相似文献
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利用矮秆基因RhtB1-b、RhtD1-b和Rht8特异分子标记对郑麦583和2015-2016年度参加河南省区域试验、河南省品种比较试验、国家黄淮南片区域试验及国家黄淮麦区品种比较试验的共630份小麦材料的基因型进行检测。结果表明,供试材料中检测到549份材料含有RhtB1-b基因;592份材料含有RhtD1-b基因;513份材料含有Rht8基因;422份材料同时含有3个矮秆基因,169份材料仅含有2个矮秆基因,说明3个主要的矮秆基因在河南小麦育种过程中被聚合使用。此外,分析发现,矮秆基因Rht8与株高和每公顷穗数,以及千粒重具有显著相关性。郑麦583等小麦品种聚合了这3个矮秆基因,具有优良的丰产性,通过选择和利用矮秆基因对于培育具有丰产性优点的小麦品种具有一定价值。 相似文献
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小麦赤霉病是一种危害性很强的小麦真菌病害,而Fhb1是抗赤霉病的主效基因。为了筛选黄淮冬麦区携带Fhb1基因的种质材料,利用TaHRC-Kasp和His-InDel标记对来自河北、河南、山东、陕西、江苏和安徽的共336份小麦材料进行检测,共筛选出2份来自河北省的材料(石家庄75和紫茎白)携带Fhb1基因。通过序列分析,其His基因序列与苏麦3号一致,为抗赤霉病类型。利用9 779个SNP位点对供试的336份材料进行PCA主成分分析,结果显示,石家庄75和紫茎白与江苏的材料亲缘关系较近。石家庄75是建国初期的育成品种,紫茎白是河北省的地方农家种,其携带Fhb1基因,说明最初Fhb1基因可能在国内一些地方品种中有所分布,但在现代育种进程中受到人工选择而消失。研究结果为黄淮冬麦区抗赤霉病小麦育种提供了宝贵的遗传信息及亲本材料。 相似文献
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《种子》2021,(5)
为研究春化和光周期基因在河南省小麦新品种中的分布特点及春化基因与产量性状的关系,以近年河南省冬小麦品种区域试验的118份小麦品种为材料,用STS标记对4个春化基因位点(Vrn-A1,Vrn-B1,Vrn-D1和Vrn-B3)和1个光周期基因位点(Phd-D1)进行检测,并结合供试材料的农艺性状,分析近年来河南省小麦新品种春化基因组成及其与品种的冬春性、苗穗期及产量性状的相关性。结果表明,供试的118份小麦品种在Phd-D1、Vrn-A1、Vrn-B3位点均为隐性等位变异;含有显性等位变异Vrn-B1的品种有9份,其分布频率为7.62%,且均表现为弱春性;含有显性等位变异Vrn-D1的品种有41份,其分布频率为34.7%,这些品种中有21份表现为弱春性;进一步的分析表明,显性等位变异Vrn-D1与苗穗期显著负相关,与产量构成各要素正相关,但未达显著水平;显性等位变异Vrn-B1与产量构成要素中的成穗数和穗粒数负相关,而与千粒重正相关,但均未达显著水平。 相似文献
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CIMMYT普通小麦品系Waxy蛋白类型及淀粉糊化特性研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
将来自CIMMYT第35届IBWSN和第20届SAWSN国际鉴定圃的488份品系于2003年种植在内蒙古临河,对其Wx蛋白亚基组成和淀粉糊化特性进行了研究。利用单向SDS-PAGE鉴定出191份Wx-B1蛋白亚基缺失和28份和Wx-D1蛋白亚基缺失品系。除峰值时间外,其余淀粉糊化特性参数在品系间都有较大变异,与中国春小麦相比,CIMMYT小麦表现峰值黏度、低谷黏度、最终黏度高,稀澥值和反弹值大,峰值时间长而稳定。Wx-B1和Wx-D1蛋白亚基缺失品系的最终黏度和反弹值显著高于和大于Wx蛋白亚基正常品系,Wx-D1蛋白亚基缺失品系的峰值黏度和稀澥值显著低于和小于Wx蛋白亚基正常品系,Wx-B1蛋白亚基缺失品系的峰值黏度和稀澥值显著高于和大于Wx-D1蛋白亚基缺失品系。第35届IBWSN品系的淀粉糊化特性优于第20届SAWSN品系,两者低谷黏度、最终黏度和反弹值间差异显著。 相似文献
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Polymorphism of waxy proteins in Iberian hexaploid wheats 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
A collection of 130 cultivars of bread wheat, 332 landraces of bread wheat and 144 spelt wheats was analysed for waxy proteins in the grain. The electrophoretic patterns showed very low polymorphism and most of the hexaploid wheats had the Wx-Ala, Wx-D1a and Wx-B1 alleles of ‘Chinese Spring’. Two alleles were detected at Wx-A1 (Wx-A1a, and Wx-A1b (null)), the latter was present in only 5.1% of the bread wheat landraces and 7.6% ofthe spelt wheats. No allelic variation was found at the Wx-D1 locus and all the hexaploid wheats had the Wx-D1a allele. Wx-B1 was the most polymorphic locus, with three alleles detected: Wx-B1a, Wx-B1b (null) and Wx-Blc coding for a Wx-B1 protein with a slightly different mobility from Wx-B1a. The null Wx-B1b allele was found in 10.8% of the bread wheat cultivars, 21.4% of the bread wheat landraces and 12.5% of the spelt wheats. Among the 604 hexaploid wheats analysed, only two bread wheat landraces (0.6%) and two spelt wheats (1.4%) had the null allele at both Wx-A1 and Wx-B1 loci. 相似文献
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以小麦品种藁城8901为母本,糯麦1号为父本,用“单粒传”法构建了一个含有8种Wx基因突变类型的重组自交系群体 (RIL) 。应用改良的SDS-PAGE方法对RIL-7的Wx基因突变类型进行检测,发现在228个株系中,正常类型的株系有34个,Wx-A1突变体为26个,Wx-B1突变体为32个,Wx-D1突变体30个,Wx-A1和Wx-B1位点同时突变的有28个,Wx-A1和Wx-D1位点同时突变的有20个,Wx-B1和Wx-D1位点同时突变的为28个,3个Wx基因位点均突变的为16个。卡方测验证明,3个Wx基因位点的突变符合孟德尔遗传规律,属于质量性状遗传。田间试验表明,8种类型之间在初花期、株高和穗粒数上无显著差异,但在穗长、每穗小穗数和千粒重上Wx-A1突变型显著低于其他7种类型,而7种类型间无显著差异。淀粉特性研究表明,不同Wx蛋白缺失显著影响直链淀粉含量、淀粉糊化特性和淀粉凝胶的质构剖面分析 (TPA) 特性。正常类型的直链淀粉含量最高(20.8%),糯麦的最低(1.1%)。糯麦淀粉的峰值黏度和稀澥值较高,但其低谷黏度、最终黏度和反弹值较低,与其他缺失类型间差异达5%显著水平。凝胶的TPA测试表明,随着直链淀粉含量的降低,凝胶的硬度、黏着性、弹性、胶着性和咀嚼性显著降低,而黏聚性和回复性显著升高。直链淀粉含量与糊化特性的低谷黏度、最终黏度、反弹值、峰值时间和糊化温度之间正相关达1%显著水平(r=0.892~0.965),与峰值黏度、稀澥值呈1%水平负相关( r=－0.892, r=－0.945);直链淀粉含量与凝胶TPA参数的黏聚性、回复性呈极显著负相关(r=－0.928, r=－0.829),与凝胶的硬度、黏着性、弹性、胶着性和咀嚼性呈极显著正相关( r=0.869~0.979)。 相似文献
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The Wx locus controls amylose synthesis in the cereal endosperm. Hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has the three Wx loci on chromosomes 7A ( Wx-A1), 4A (Wx-B1) and 7D (Wx-D1). To verify the effects of null alleles on reducing amylose content and determine the amylose synthesis capacity of each
Wx gene independently and accurately, we produced eight possible types of recombinant lines carrying different null alleles
at the Wx loci under the ‘Chinese Spring’ genetic background. Amylose content varied from 0% of the waxy ‘Chinese Spring’ to 25% of
the ‘Chinese Spring’ normal type. The reducing effect of the single null alleles was the largest in Wx-B1b, and there was no significant difference between Wx-A1b and Wx-D1b. More than 3% reductions in amylose content were detected in the double null types. The results of the double null lines
further demonstrated that for the capacity of amylose synthesis, Wx-B1a predominates and produces 21–22% amylose, followed by Wx-D1a (20–21%) and Wx-A1a (15–18%). These significant differences were partly correlated with variation in the amounts of the Wx proteins produced by different Wx genes. However, comparisons of the double null lines with the single null or normal lines indicated that amylose content
was not linearly proportional to the number of the Wx genes, suggesting that the Wx genes act in an epistatic manner.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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山西冬小麦品种Waxy蛋白分析及分子标记研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)法分析了山西100份小麦品种(系)Waxy蛋白的缺失类型,筛选出缺失Wx-B1蛋白亚基的材料8份。利用2个STS标记和1个SSR标记对不同Waxy蛋白缺失类型进行鉴定,验证其在分子标记辅助育种中的有效性,结果表明:Wx-7A位点的STS引物在野生型中扩增出1条450 bp的特异带,而在缺失Wx-A1蛋白亚基的突变材料中扩增出1条327 bp的特异带;Wx-4A位点的STS引物在野生型中扩增出1条440 bp的特异带,缺失Wx-B1蛋白亚基的突变材料中没有该扩增片段;Wx-7A,Wx-7D位点的SSR引物在野生型中分别扩增出1条265 bp和1条204 bp的特异带,在缺失Wx-A1和Wx-D1蛋白亚基的突变材料中没有扩增出该特异带。这3个标记可以用于分子标记辅助育种。 相似文献
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Decrease of Waxy (Wx) Protein in Two Common Wheat Cultivars with Low Amylose Content 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
Two cultivars with a low amylose content, Kanto107 (K107) and K79, were discovered in Japanese common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The amount of Wx protein, identified as a single major starch granule-bound protein of about 61 kD by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), was greatly decreased in those two cultivars. Analysis of their Wx protein with a modified SDS-PAGE and two dimensional-PAGE showed that two of the three Wx proteins, produced by Wx-A1 and Wx-B1 loci, were not detected. It was thus concluded that only one locus, Wx-D1, was active in the two low amylose cultivars. These mutants were termed “partial waxy mutants” and considered to be very useful material for breeding waxy wheat. 相似文献
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Genetic variation for waxy proteins and starch properties in Italian wheat germplasm 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
Granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) is the primary enzymeresponsible for the synthesis of amylose in amyloplasts of cereal endospermcells. In bread wheat there are three structural genes (Wx-A1, Wx-B1,and Wx-D1) encoding for isoforms of GBSS. The loss of one or moreGBSS isoforms results in the reduction (partial-waxy) or absence (waxy) of amylose in the starch. Waxy wheats may find application inthe production of modified food starch and their flour may be used toextend the shelf life of baked products. In order to breed high qualitywheats able to produce bread with delayed staling, the genetic variabilityfor the waxy trait in our germplasm has been investigated. Weanalysed 288 cultivars of bread wheat, 139 cultivars of durum wheat andabout 200 accessions from other Triticum species. Gel electrophoresisshowed 63 bread wheats deficient in the Wx-B1, one in the Wx-A1 and one in the Wx-D1 protein isoforms, as well as one Triticum dicoccum lacking the Wx-A1 isoform. None of the analysedTriticum monococcum, Triticum durum, Triticum speltaand Triticum timopheevi accessions showed mutations at the Wxloci. The wheat accessions with Wx mutations were evaluated with aRapid Visco Analyser (RVA) to investigate starch properties. All theanalysed cultivars showed Peak Viscosity and Final Viscosity different fromthe normal wheat. Other analyses to evaluate the rheological characteristicsof the partial-waxy genotypes are under way and a breedingprogramme to select new waxy wheat varieties is in progress 相似文献
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The Wx-D1 protein (granule-bound starch synthase) of Kanto 107, Tanikei A6099 (low amylose line), and Tanikei A6599-4 (waxy
line) has been analyzed by SDS-PAGE, peptide mapping and DNA sequencing. Kanto 107 and Tanikei A6099 have the same amino acid
sequences in the mature protein, but amino acid substitution (alanine to threonine) occurs at position 258 in the mature protein
in Tanikei A6599-4. A comparison of deduced amino acid sequences of the mature Wx-D1 protein in these lines indicates that
point mutation in the Wx-D1 gene of Tanikei A6599-4 is responsible for its waxy character.This mutant waxy wheat does not
show a reduction in amylose content identicalto other waxy wheats, which probably reduces activity of the GBSS I enzyme but
does not to a complete loss of activity. We discuss the function of the mutant Wx-D1 protein in starch synthesis.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献