共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 656 毫秒
1.
2.
稻瘟病是最主要的世界性水稻病害,化学防治是目前最为有效的防控措施。通过室内生测和田间试验相结合的方法,测试了多个特效药剂和广谱药剂对稻瘟病的防治效果,探讨了稻瘟病的最优防治适期和穗颈瘟、稻曲病兼防的可能性。结果表明,三环唑仍然是预防穗颈瘟的特效杀菌剂,而嘧菌酯、肟菌酯·戊唑醇和嘧菌酯·苯醚甲环唑等广谱杀菌剂对叶瘟表现出更好的防控效果。始穗期是防治穗颈瘟的关键时期,在发病严重的情况下在齐穗期再施1次药是必要的。如果选用合适的药剂,破口前施药对穗颈瘟也有一定的防控作用。由于防治稻曲病的最佳施药时期是破口前,因此,一次施药兼防穗颈瘟和稻曲病是可行的。 相似文献
3.
4.
试验结果表明,应用好力克SC和爱苗SC防治水稻稻曲病的效果极显著优于井冈霉素AS,井冈霉素AS的防治效果显著优于满穗SC.同时30％爱苗SC及井冈霉素AS,在孕穗末期及齐穗期两次用药的防效极显著优于在孕穗末期用1次药的防治效果;而43％好力克SC及20％满穗SC在孕穗末期用1次药与在孕穗末期、齐穗期各用1次药的防治效果相当,因此在防治水稻稻曲病时需根据具体药剂决定施药次数。 相似文献
5.
6.
两系杂交稻稻曲病综合防治农艺措施优化分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以栽培密度、施氮量、施氮期、施药期、施药量为参试因子．采用五元二次回归正交旋转组合设计．对两系杂交稻组合“培两优待青”稻曲病综合防治的农艺措施进行了研究。结果表明：各因子对稻曲病病指控制作用大小依次为施药期、施氮期、施氮量、施药量、栽培密度。经计算机模拟寻忧．将稻曲病控制在经济允许水平之内(病指在0～0.5726之间)的优化农艺措施组合为：每公顷栽插密度20．7万～21.3万丛．施纯氮量183～192kg,5％井冈霉素用量639～672g。交互作用显示。施氮期与施药期适当提前,病情减轻,反之,病情加重。 相似文献
7.
甬优12抽穗动态调查及稻曲病预防适期研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
稻曲病已由次要病害上升为主要病害,对水稻生产危害严重,不但影响产量还降低其品质。稻曲病发生后(出现稻曲球)就很难防治,只能预防不能治疗。适时打药是高效预防稻曲病的关键。本研究结果表明,对籼粳杂交稻甬优12而言,在破口前10～13 d用专化杀菌剂预防1次、破口期再预防1次的处理防治效果最好,穗防效和病情指数防效分别为94.59%和98.33%;仅在破口前10 d或13 d喷1次药预防的处理,穗防效分别为86.95%和87.36%,病情指数防效分别为94.98%和95.99%。鉴于在实际生产中很难准确确定具体哪一天是破口前的第10 d或第13 d,本研究采用水稻生理学性状"叶枕平"(剑叶叶枕与倒数第2叶叶枕持平,或叶枕距为零)界定为最佳打药期,即稻田中1/3～1/2水稻植株处于叶枕平为第1次打药预防稻曲病的适期,第2次打药适期为破口前。 相似文献
8.
9.
为筛选防治水稻稻曲病的高效药剂,同时验证在孕穗末期—破口初期施药对稻曲病的防效,2019—2020年连续2年开展了不同药剂防治水稻稻曲病田间试验。结果表明:19%啶氧·丙环唑SC 70 mL/667 m2、125 g/L氟环唑SC 50 mL/667 m2、40%咪铜·氟环唑SC 30 mL/667 m2、25%噻呋·嘧菌酯SC 40 mL/667 m2平均病指防效分别为89.95%、89.85%、87.05%、85.60%,体现了较高防效;75%肟菌·戊唑醇WG 15 g/667 m2,平均病指防效为81.30%,也有较高防效;而36%丙环·咪鲜胺SC 50 mL/667 m2平均病指防效仅为78.20%,防效稍差。前5种药剂可结合稻瘟病防治,在水稻孕穗末期—破口初期使用,能有效控制水稻稻曲病为害。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
13.
Rice false smut disease, which is caused by the fungus Ustilaginoidea virens, is currently one of the most devastating rice fungal diseases in the world. Rice false smut disease not only causes severe yield loss and grain quality reduction, but also threatens food safety due to its production of mycotoxins. In this review, the most recent progresses regarding the life cycle, infection processes, genome and genetic diversity, pathogenic gene and disease resistance in rice were summarized in order to provide theoretical basis for the control of U. virens. We also proposed some future directions and key questions that need to be addressed for a better understanding of the molecular mechanism that leads to rice false smut disease and the prospects for sustainable control of rice false smut. 相似文献
14.
LIANG Yan ;ZHANG Xue-mei ;LI De-qiang ;HUANG Fu ;Hu Pei-song ;PENG Yun-liang 《水稻科学》2014,21(6):354-360
Severe epidemic of false smut, caused by Ustilaginoidea virens(Cooke) Takahashi(teleomorph Villosiclava virens) has been reported in different parts of Asia and America. Different fungicides or bio-control agents against false smut were applied at different times before heading on a susceptible rice variety Pu-6. A control efficiency as high as 91.92% was resulted from spraying 2.5% Wenquning, a suspension of Bacillus subtilis in solution of validamycin with 4.5 L/hm2 at 6 d before heading. Among the 186 hybrid rice screened in 2010, low significant correlations between the dates of full heading, rates of infected plants and panicles as well as the number of infected florets were found, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.2331 to 0.5212. However, significant difference in susceptibility coefficients was also found between the varieties which had the same dates of full heading. In the plot experiments to compare the susceptibility in 2011, the average rates of infected panicles of Yixiangyou 2168, Chuanxiangyou 3, Dexiang 4103, Yixiangyou 2115, Nei5 you 317, Yangxinyou 1 were significantly lower than those of the control varieties Gangyou 725 and Gangyou 188 at the disease nursery located at Qionglai, Sichuan Province, China. When Neixiangyou 8156 and Nei5 you 317 were sprayed with 2.5% Wenquning at 4.5 L/hm2 for two times at 6 d before and 1 d after heading, respectively, the control efficiencies of Nei5 you 317 and Neixiangyou 8156 were respectively 100% and 82.24% compared to that of Gangyou 725. Satisfactory control effects had also obtained by single spray of 2.5% Wenquning at 4.5 L/hm2 at 5–6 d before heading. Therefore, less susceptible hybrid rice in combination with spraying Wenquning at 5–6 d before heading was suggested for the disease control in Sichuan Province, China. 相似文献
15.
稻曲病是一种由子囊菌亚门麦角菌属稻麦角菌引起的水稻穗部病害,该病重发生在水稻孕穗至破口期多雨的年份。文章通过分析2011年怀集县水稻稻曲病重发生的原因,提出切实可行的防控措施。 相似文献
16.
17.
选择合适的防治药剂和防治次数是减轻稻曲病危害的关键。本研究以籼粳杂交稻甬优12为材料,比较了6种药剂和3种喷施次数对稻曲病的防控效果和产量性状差异。结果表明,在6种药剂中,阿米妙收处理的病穗率防效和病指防效最好,分别达到91.53%和96.63%,但与其他药剂无显著性差异。在防治次数上,爱苗和拿敌稳均为防治3次的处理病指防效最好,分别为81.73%和80.15%,显著高于防治次数3次以下的处理。阿米妙收处理的产量最高,达11 719.52 kg/hm~2,显著高于其他处理。 相似文献