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果寡糖是近些年研究较多的一种添加剂产品。大量试验表明:它能影响肠道微生态平衡,增殖肠道有益菌,抑制有害菌,提高动物免疫机能,促进新陈代谢,从而提高动物的生产性能和经济效益。本文着重阐述了果寡糖的肠道生物学作用、营养生理功能及其在仔猪生产中的应用,并指出了果寡糖的研究和发展方向。 相似文献
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果寡糖是功能性低聚糖的一种，大量试验表明：它具有调节肠道菌群平衡、降血脂和增强机体免疫功能等作用，从而提高动物生产性能和经济效益。本文着重阐述了果寡糖的肠道生物学作用、营养生理功能及其在家禽生产中的应用，并指出了果寡糖的研究和发展方向。 相似文献
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果寡糖在仔猪生产中的应用研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
果寡糖是一种新型的绿色饲料添加剂。它可选择性促进机体肠道内健康微生物菌群的组成,从而改善肠道微生态系统;刺激动物机体的免疫反应机能,增强动物对疾病的抵抗力;促进新陈代谢,提高动物的生产性能和经济效益等。本文综述了果寡糖的结构、理化性质及其在仔猪生产中的作用及其机理,并对果寡糖应用前景做出展望。 相似文献
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果寡糖是一种新型的绿色饲料添加剂.它可选择性促进机体肠道内健康微生物菌群的组成,从而改善肠道微生态系统;刺激动物机体的免疫反应机能,增强动物对疾病的抵抗力;促进新陈代谢,提高动物的生产性能和经济效益等.本文综述了果寡糖的结构、理化性质及其在仔猪生产中的作用及其机理,并对果寡糖应用前景做出展望. 相似文献
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寡糖作为饲料添加剂是动物营养研究近20年来的热点之一。继抗生素、益生素的研究之后,动物营养学家对寡糖投以极大的关注,其中果寡糖是寡糖最重要的组成部分之一。果寡糖是抗生素的替代品之一,其作用显著优于抗生素及益生素。在日本,果寡糖约有500多种产品,已被视为一种食品,有报道在煎制牛肉时添加果寡糖可以降低不同形式的芳香族胺的形成。在动物饲养中,果寡糖可以促进肠道内有益菌的增生,而抑制有害菌的繁殖,从而改善动物体内的微生态环境、提高动物的免疫力及生产性能。1果寡糖的概况果寡糖(Fructooligosaccharide,FO S)又称为低聚果… 相似文献
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果寡糖作为饲料添加剂已成为动物营养研究的热点。果寡糖通过调节动物胃肠道微生态平衡、增强机体免疫力、改变肠道生理结构、改善动物对营养物质的利用、改善肉质发挥作用。对果寡糖的特性、作用机理及在养猪生产中的应用作一综述。 相似文献
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寡果糖对肥育猪生长性能、肠道菌群和免疫功能的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
饲粮中添加 0 .2 5 %、0 .5 %和 0 .75 %寡果糖 ,观察了其对杜长加肥育猪生长性能、肠道菌群和免疫功能的影响。与对照组相比 ,肥育猪日粮中添加 0 .2 5 %、0 .5 %和 0 .75 %寡果糖 ,使日增重分别提高 4.0 0 %(P<0 .0 5 )、9.6 7%(P<0 .0 1)和 10 .6 7%(P<0 .0 1) ,添加 0 .5 %和 0 .75 %寡果糖 ,使料重比分别降低 8.19%(P<0 .0 1)和 7.6 0 %(P<0 .0 5 ) ;添加 0 .5 %和 0 .75 %寡果糖 ,使结肠中双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌数分别增加 2 99.49%(P<0 .0 1)和 314.81%(P<0 .0 1) ,97.40 %(P<0 .0 5 )和 141.6 7%(P<0 .0 5 ) ,并使结肠内容物 p H值分别降低 0 .5 0 (P<0 .0 5 )和 0 .90 (P<0 .0 1) ;添加0 .2 5 %、 0 .5 %和 0 .75 %寡果糖 ,使结肠中大肠杆菌以及梭菌数分别下降 35 .6 5 %(P<0 .0 1)、86 %(P <0 .0 1)和82 .47%(P<0 .0 1)以及 37.91%(P<0 .0 5 )、98.5 3(P<0 .0 1)和 94.6 6 %(P<0 .0 1) ;添加 0 .2 5 %、0 .5 %和 0 .75 %寡果糖 ,使血清中 Ig A分别提高 11.74%(P<0 .0 5 )、2 4.88%(P<0 .0 1)和 30 .5 2 %(P<0 .0 1) ,添加 0 .5 %和 0 .75 %寡果糖 ,使血清 Ig G分别提高 13.0 5 %(P<0 .0 5 )和 11.42 %(P<0 .0 5 ) ,并使血液中 SOD活性分别提高 2 0 .10 %(P<0 .0 1)和 16 .36 %(P<0 .0 5 ) ,添加 相似文献
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选用同一牛场的荷斯坦公犊牛25头,饲喂添加不同浓度低聚果糖(FOS)的日粮,研究其对早期断奶犊牛生长性能、血液理化指标及肠黏膜形态的影响。试验结果表明:日粮中添加FOS极显著提高犊牛的体重及日增重(P<0.01);各FOS组犊牛牛血清IgG、IgA含量肠绒毛高度、固有膜厚度、血清总蛋白、血清白蛋白显著高于对照组(P<0.05);但总胆固醇含量显著降低。说明FOS能提高犊牛的生长性能,能防止早期断奶犊牛肠道萎缩、维持肠道的正常形态结构,能影响犊牛代谢,提高犊牛免疫性能;缓解断奶对犊牛的应激。 相似文献
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低聚果糖调节人体肠道菌群功能的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究低聚果糖调节人体肠道菌群的功能和效果,采用卫生部《保健食品检验与评价技术规范》调节肠道菌群功能检验方法进行检验,并将体检指标全部合格的120例成年志愿者随机分为试食组和空白对照组,试食组每天分别服用含量大于等于55%的低聚果糖6mL,空白组则采用果葡糖浆作为安慰剂,连续30d,比较摄食前后两组肠道菌群的变化情况。试验结果表明,试食组试验后较试验前粪便中双歧杆菌数量增加5.8%(P0.01),乳酸杆菌增加0.4%(P0.05),产气荚膜梭菌数量减少8.6%(P0.01),拟杆菌数量增加1.0%(P0.01),肠杆菌和肠球菌分别增加0.4%和0.8%(P0.05);与对照组相比,试验后试食组双歧杆菌增加4.2%(P0.01),乳酸杆菌减少21%(P0.05),产气荚膜梭菌减少7.2%(P0.01),拟杆菌减少0.4%(P0.05),而肠杆菌和肠球菌数量无明显变化(P0.05)。因此,每日摄食3.3g的低聚果糖亦具有调节人体肠道菌群,激活益生菌增殖并抑制有害菌的作用。 相似文献
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S.B. Shim I.H. Williams M.W.A. Verstegen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(2-3):91-97
Abstract An experiment was conducted to investigate changes in the lumen and wall of the intestinal tract of weaned pigs caused by fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and consequences for growth. Twelve male pigs weaned at 24 days were individually housed and fed either control, 0.25% FOS, or 3% FOS diets for 21 days after weaning. The pH of chyme in the caecum and proximal colon were lower (p<0.001) in 3% FOS compared to other treatments. Mean molar proportions (%) of total SCFA values along the large intestine were significantly affected by FOS diet. Acetic acid was significantly higher in control compared with other treatments. Butyric acid and isobutyric acid were significantly increased in 0.25 and 3% FOS compared to the control. Feed intake, empty body weight gain, disaccharidase activities and villous height in the small intestine were not significantly affected by FOS. It was concluded that dietary FOS stimulates fermentation in the large intestine, but does not significantly affect enzyme activity, ammonia content, villous height and growth. 相似文献
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本文主要研究寡果糖对人源菌群仔猪肠道中IgA和IgG分泌细胞的影响。通过无菌剖腹产获取15头无特定病原菌(specific pathogen free,SPF)仔猪,随机分为三组。第一组为SPF组,经口灌服磷酸钠缓冲液(内含10%甘油)以示对照;第二组为人源菌群(human flora-associated,HFA)组,经口服途径接种人源菌群;第三组为寡果糖(fructo-oligosaccharides,FOS)组,口服途径接种人源菌群且灌喂寡果糖。仔猪饲养于屏障系统内,无菌条件下人工哺育45天。应用免疫组织化学方法进行研究。结果表明:(1)所有仔猪小肠和结肠的固有层中均分布有IgA和IgG分泌细胞。(2)IgA和IgG分泌细胞在十二指肠中分布最多,随着肠段的向后推移IgA和IgG分泌细胞数量有逐渐下降趋势。(3)HFA组和FOS组IgA分泌细胞数量在回肠显著高于SPF组(P<0.01);十二指肠中HFA组IgG分泌细胞数量显著高于SPF组(P<0.01)。(4)FOS组IgA分泌细胞数量在空肠显著高于HFA组外(P<0.05),其他肠段总体上低于HFA组,但差异不显著。本结果提示给新生仔猪接种人源菌群能促进仔猪肠道中IgA和IgG分泌细胞的发育,而寡果糖使肠道IgA和IgG分泌细胞数量呈现下降的趋势。 相似文献
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果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌对肉鸡肠道菌群数量及生产性能的影响 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
本试验选用360只1日龄AA肉公鸡,通过在饲粮中添加果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌,考察其对肉鸡肠道菌群数量及生产性能的影响。结果表明:果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌具有选择性地增加肉鸡盲肠中的乳酸杆菌等有益菌群的数量,减少大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌等有害菌的数量,二者的配合使用可以更好地调节肉鸡肠道微生态系统。果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌能在一定程度上改善肉鸡的生产性能,取得与添加金霉素相似的效果;果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌的配合使用可以取得更好的抗腹泻和促生长效果。 相似文献
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选择6窝(8～10头仔猪/窝)健康的新生(杜长大)仔猪,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组3个重复,7 日龄(7 d)开始对照组辅喂常规开食料,试验组用果寡糖(FOS)代替1%的对照组开食料(按干物质折算),23 日龄(23 d)(断奶)时结束试验,试验开始和结束时每个重复选取1头仔猪屠宰,采集胰脏、胃肠道各部位组织和食糜样品,研究FOS对断奶前仔猪胃肠道组织形态、消化酶、有机酸和乳酸杆菌菌群的影响。结果表明,FOS组仔猪小肠绒毛高度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比均高于对照组 (P<0.05);FOS显著提高了仔猪胰腺和十二指肠中淀粉酶活性(P<0.05),蛋白酶和脂肪酶虽有增加但差异不显著;FOS显著提高了仔猪胃肠道内容物中挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)浓度(P<0.05),降低了胃中乳酸浓度(P<0.05),显著提高了胃肠道乳酸杆菌菌群的相似性和多样性(P<0.05),增加了乳酸杆菌数量(P>0.05)。提示,FOS能够促进断奶前仔猪小肠形态的发育,减缓固体饲料对其损伤,一定程度上增加消化酶活性,提高胃肠道中总VFAs浓度,促进乳酸杆菌的增殖,这可能有利于仔猪平稳度过断奶期。 相似文献
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《动物营养（英文）》2019,5(4):386-395
Weaning is a challenging stage of pig farming. Animals undergo environmental, social and dietary changes leading to weaning stress syndrome. In order to compensate for the detrimental effects of weaning stress, antibiotics and natural extracts are used as feed additives, sometimes without fully understanding the interactions between them or even with low concentrations of mycotoxins that are frequently present in feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fosfomycin (FOS), Cynara scolymus extract (CSE), deoxynivalenol (DON) and their combined administration on intestinal health of weaned piglets. The experiment was designed as a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 3 factors (FOS, CSE and DON treatments), 2 levels each (presence and absence) and 3 repeats. Weaned piglets (n = 24) were randomly divided in groups to receive the different treatments, namely DON administered in diet (50 μg/kg BW), FOS administered into the drinking water (30 mg/kg BW), CSE administered in diet (15 mg/kg BW) and all their combinations. After 15 d, the animals were euthanized and gastrointestinal tract samples were immediately taken to evaluate gastrointestinal pH, Enterobacteriaceae to lactic acid bacteria (E:L) ratio, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, disaccharidase (lactase, sucrase and maltase) activity, histology (intestinal absorptive area [IAA] and goblet cells count) and mucus ability to adhere pathogenic Escherichia coli. From our results, FOS and CSE treatments, individually or combined, produced a lower E:L ratio, an enhanced production of butyrate, increased disaccharidase activity (particularly maltase), and a greater IAA and goblet cells count along with an increase in pathogenic bacteria adherence to intestinal mucus. Deoxynivalenol did not show interactions with the other factors and its administration produced decreases on VFA, disaccharidase activity and goblet cells count. In conclusion, weaning piglets receiving diets containing FOS, CSE or both exhibited evident beneficial intestinal effects compared to animals receiving diets free from these compounds. On the contrary, the presence of DON at sub-toxic concentrations produced detrimental effects on intestinal health. The knowledge of the physiological and pathological gut changes produced by these compounds contributes to understand their potential productive consequences. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究枸芪多糖对育肥猪肠黏膜免疫调控的关键基因,阐明其对肠黏膜免疫功能的可能作用机理。选用80~90日龄的健康育肥母猪180头,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复15头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加0.1%的枸芪多糖,试验期90 d。采集育肥猪的空肠肠段,提取RNA后进行转录组测序分析差异免疫基因的表达。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加枸芪多糖差异表达的免疫基因有75个,其中有26个上调基因和49个下调基因。2)基因本体(GO)富集分析显示差异表达基因主要参与免疫调节、免疫应答和应激反应,信号通路分析显示差异表达基因主要富集在以白细胞介素-17(IL-17)信号通路、NOD样受体信号通路为主的免疫信号通路。3)通过对肠黏膜差异表达的关键基因原癌基因Jun(JUN)和原癌基因Fos(FOS)的探究可见,与对照组相比,试验组白细胞介素-18(IL-18)、补体5(C5)、JUN和FOS的基因表达受到抑制,Jun和Fos的蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,在饲粮中添加枸芪多糖可提高肥育猪的肠黏膜免疫功能。枸芪多糖通过调节JUN、FOS、IL-18等免疫相关基因的表达,影响IL-17和NOD样受体信号通路,以此来抑制炎症反应。 相似文献
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The effect of oligofructose (FOS) or trans-galactooligosaccharides (TOS) inclusion at 10 g/kg diet for growing pigs, at the expense of cornstarch (CON), on growth performance, nutrient digestibilities, and faecal physicochemical parameters was determined. In addition, concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and bacterial -glucosidase, β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase activities in faeces were determined as markers of intestinal microflora metabolic activity. Twelve 35-day-old castrated pigs were allocated to CON, FOS and TOS dietary treatments for an experimental period of 4 weeks. Dietary treatments did not affect animal growth performance. FOS and TOS pigs tended to have a lower faecal output than CON pigs by approximately 6.0% and 1.7% respectively. FOS and TOS did not affect total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, fat, crude protein, crude fiber, ADF and cellulose. Digestibility of carbohydrate components such as nitrogen free extract and NDF was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in TOS pigs compared to CON and FOS. Digestibility of hemicellulose in TOS pigs did not differ from FOS but was significantly higher from CON. The experimental period had a significant effect on most of the parameters determined. There were no significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences between treatments regarding total VFA concentration and faecal bacterial enzyme activities. Nevertheless, an increased saccharolytic activity in the gut of FOS and TOS pigs could be postulated by the trends for apparently higher VFA concentration and bacterial -glucosidase and β-galactosidase activities. 相似文献