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1.
《林产化学与工业》2017,(2)
为研究稻草氧碱浆的打浆特性,采用PFI磨考察了不同打浆度对稻草氧碱浆滤水性能、纤维形态的影响,并分析其纸张强度性能的变化。结果表明:纸浆打浆度与保水值在打浆初期快速上升,在打浆后期上升趋缓,但是打浆度在打浆初期能快速上升至55~60°SR,而保水值快速上升阶段仅到45°SR左右;同时杂细胞的存在对滤水性能不利。打浆度35~75°SR过程中,纤维长度的变化不大,未除杂浆纤维长度下降最多约为7.3%,除杂浆纤维长度下降最多约为4.0%,而打浆对纤维表面的细纤维化作用明显。未除杂浆纸张耐破指数和抗张指数在打浆度65°SR时达到最佳,杂细胞的存在会对纸张的抗张强度提高形成一定的阻碍,除杂浆纸张耐破指数和抗张指数在65°SR以上的高打浆度下仍然保持上升的趋势,因而更倾向于在高打浆度、高结合强度要求的纸种当中获得应用。 相似文献
2.
选取市场上具有代表性的两种商品针、阔叶木浆进行PFI打浆处理,研究在不同打浆度下浆料纤维质量、动态滤水性能、Zeta电位、微观结构等方面的变化,并对不同比例配抄条件下的成纸性能进行考察,结果表明:针、阔叶浆的打浆度与打浆转数之间的关系均符合线性分布:y=17.7503+0.0015x,R^2=0.9914(针叶浆);y=8.8986+0.00275x,R^2=0.9734(阔叶浆);经PFI打浆后,两种木浆纤维长度、宽度变化较小,细小组分含量变化明显;随着打浆度的升高,两者的滤水性能下降,Zeta电位先上升然后基本保持不变;初始打浆度下,随着针叶浆比例的减少、阔叶浆比例的增加,成纸的抗张强度先下降再增大,厚度逐渐下降至不变,定量逐渐增加,柔软度逐渐下降;随着打浆度的升高,成纸的抗张强度增大,厚度、定量逐渐下降,针叶浆成纸柔软度逐渐下降,阔叶浆成纸柔软度先升高再逐渐降低。 相似文献
3.
利用8%Li Cl/DMSO木质纤维全溶体系,溶解经乙二胺溶液预处理后氧脱木质素碱法麦草浆,探讨乙二胺预处理对浆料性能的影响,及预处理后浆料在8%Li Cl/DMSO全溶体系中的溶解-再生性能。研究发现:乙二胺预处理在保留较高结晶度时可改变浆料结晶结构,氧脱木质素碱法麦草浆经乙二胺预处理后可完全溶解于8%Li Cl/DMSO溶液,随着木质素含量的增加,溶解所需时间延长;溶解后样品经水可再生,产物得率为59.19%~61.88%,溶解-再生过程中木质素、多糖、灰分和硅都得到较好保留。 相似文献
4.
《林产化学与工业》2017,(2)
为考察打浆过程中添加羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)对杨木碱性过氧化氢化学机械浆(APMP浆)悬浮液屈服应力的影响,在分析杨木APMP浆打浆度与屈服应力关系的基础上,先添加一定量的CMC-Na对杨木APMP浆进行预处理10 min后,再分别用瓦利打浆机和PFI磨打浆处理,分析不同打浆方式以及添加CMC-Na预处理后对杨木APMP浆的打浆度和屈服应力的影响。结果表明:对于相同打浆度的杨木APMP浆,屈服应力(τ_y)随着浆料质量分数(C_m)的增加而迅速增加,且符合指数方程τ_y=aC_m~b,其中a与b值与打浆方式和打浆度的大小密切相关;经低浓度游离状的瓦利打浆机处理的浆料,其屈服应力随着打浆度的增加而减小,而中高浓度黏状的PFI磨打浆处理结果则相反。打浆过程预添加CMC-Na时,浆料打浆度随CMC-Na添加量(以绝干浆质量计)的增加先升高后降低;当CMC-Na添加量为2%并预处理10 min时,经瓦利打浆机处理的浆料打浆度可由45°SR提高到48°SR,而经PFI磨处理的浆料打浆度可由40°SR提高到50°SR,并且浆料悬浮液的屈服应力均达到最低值,分别为16.4和22.8 Pa(浆料质量分数为3%)。 相似文献
5.
对不同浓度、温度、打浆度、剪切速率对低浓杉木间伐材机械浆流变特性的影响进行了实验研究,并对不同因素引起浆料表观粘度变化的机理进行了分析。结果表明:浆料浓度、打浆度、温度及剪切速率都会对浆料的表观粘度产生影响。随着浆料浓度的增加,浆料表观粘度呈指数式增加;随温度的升高,浆料表观粘度则缓慢下降;打浆度影响浆料的微观结构,随着打浆度的升高,纸浆的表观粘度呈下降趋势;低浓纸浆的表观粘度则随剪切速率提高而递减。在实验测量范围内,杉木间伐材低浓纸浆为满足幂律关系的非牛顿流体,拟合的本构方程的流变特性指数n<1,因此其在测量范围内为假塑性流体。低浓纸浆流变特性的研究纸浆模塑生产线流送系统设计提供了依据。图12表2参16。 相似文献
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酶处理对混合杨木P-RC APMP浆打浆性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨了纤维素酶、木聚糖酶处理对混合杨木温和预处理和盘磨化学处理的碱性过氧化氢机械浆(P-RC APMP)的打浆性能和打浆能耗的影响。结果表明:与未经过酶处理浆相比,纤维素酶和木聚糖酶处理可明显改善纸浆的打浆性能和降低打浆能耗,纸浆打浆度提高1.0～6.5°SR,或在相同打浆度下打浆能耗降低10%～25%。纤维素酶处理浆裂断长提高18%,撕裂指数提高14%,耐破指数提高16%,耐折度提高100%。木聚糖酶处理纸浆白度提高1.7度(ISO),纸浆物理强度略有上升。纤维素酶在改善纸浆打浆性能、降低打浆能耗和提高物理强度方面好于木聚糖酶,木聚糖酶在改善纸浆光学性能方面优于纤维素酶。酶处理可以使纸浆纤维结构变得疏松柔软,从而增强纤维间的交织能力。 相似文献
7.
木聚糖酶处理改善速生杨化学机械浆性能的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用木聚糖酶处理速生杨化学机械浆(APMP),通过分析检测处理后纸浆的打浆度和成纸物理性能,探讨了木聚糖酶处理对速生杨高得率浆抄造性能的影响.实验结果表明,与未经过木聚糖酶处理APMP浆相比,酶处理后纸浆的打浆度降低10°SR以上,返黄(PC)值下降0.28,抗张指数和耐破指数稍有降低,而撕裂指数提高0.34mN*m2/g,不透明度提高1.1%,松厚度提高0.08cm3/g,戊聚糖含量降低1.64%,酸溶木质素含量稍有降低,纤维素含量和Klason木质素含量相对提高.木聚糖酶处理速生杨高得率纸浆,主要降解纸浆中的木聚糖,对纤维素大分子影响较小. 相似文献
8.
打浆对烟梗纤维成纸性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用造纸法对烟梗制烟草薄片纸基进行了实验研究,探讨了浸渍时烟梗中几种化学组分含量变化的影响,研究了打浆对烟梗纤维形态和纸浆物理性能的影响.结果表明,浸渍提取之后烟梗中水溶性糖、总植物碱、氯和总氮含量都有不同程度的下降,综纤维素质量分数相对提高了12.4％.烟梗浆打浆度从10度增加到48度,烟梗浆的纤维长度从1.62 mm下降至0.36 mm,细小纤维从6.90％上升到37.17％;抗张指数先由13.39 N· m/g上升到33.20 N·m/g后再下降到30.94 N·m/g,撕裂指教从1.54 mN·m2/g下降至0.88 mN· m2/g,松厚度从2.08 cm3/g下降到1.43 cm3/g,透气度从59.58 μm/( Pa·s)下降到0.03μm/( Pa·s),耐破指数从0.88 kPa· m2/g上升至1.63 kPa· m2/g. 相似文献
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10.
《林产化学与工业》2015,(6)
分别采用复合纤维素酶、内切纤维素酶和木聚糖酶3种酶对漂白针叶木纤维进行改性处理,比较不同的酶对漂白针叶木浆性能的影响。结果表明:复合纤维素酶对漂白针叶木浆性能影响较大,随着酶用量的增加,浆料滤水性先增加后下降,纤维保水值(WRV)和Zeta电位绝对值先降低后增加,纤维表面亲水性降低,纤维长度急剧下降,手抄片抗张指数先增加后急剧下降;在酶用量5.0 U/g时,纤维平均长度较对照样降低了48.64%,抗张指数较对照样下降了23.23%;内切纤维素酶和木聚糖酶对漂白针叶木浆的影响都比较小,改性处理后WRV和Zeta电位绝对值逐渐降低,但纤维表面亲水性增加,手抄片抗张指数也有所增加。对于造纸工业而言,内切纤维素酶的改性效果较好,当其用量为5.0 U/g时,纤维表面亲水性增加,有利于对纤维进行打浆处理,同时手抄片抗张指数增加到22.04 N·m/g,较改性处理前增加了20.77%。 相似文献
11.
Acetic acid pulping of wheat straw under atmospheric pressure 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Atmospheric acetic acid pulping of wheat straw was carried out. Pulping conditions and their effects on pulp properties were investigated in detail, and a comparison between acetic acid (AcOH) pulp and soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulps of wheat straw was made of the chemical composition, strength, and fiber morphology of the pulps. Wheat straw was successfully pulped and fractionated into pulp (cellulose), acetic acid lignin, and sugars (monosaccharides from hemicellulose), making it easy to utilize them. It was found that among the pulping conditions the dosage of H2SO4 as catalyst was the most notable, and the extent and rate of delignification could be controlled by varying the amount of the catalyst. The results also showed that acetic acid pulp was quite different from soda-AQ pulp. About 70% of the ash or 90% of the silica in wheat straw were kept in AcOH pulp. The ash might function as filler and be beneficial to the printability of paper. It was known that many epidermal cells existed in AcOH pulp in bundles or in single cells. These ash-rich nonfiber cells seemed to hinder the bonding between fibers. AcOH pulp had lower strength than soda-AQ pulp, which might result mainly from the chemical damage of fibers caused by acid, not from the depolymerization of cellulose.Part of this paper was presented at the 65th Pulp and Paper Research Conference of Japan TAPPI, Tokyo, June 1998 相似文献
12.
This paper reports on the influence of independent variables in the pulping of wheat straw (viz. cooking temperature and time, and ethanol concentration), and of the number of PFI beating revolutions to which the pulp is subjected, on the yield and Shopper-Riegler index of the pulp, and on the breaking length, stretch, burst index and tear index of the resulting paper sheets. By using a central composite factor design and the BMDP software suite, equations that relate each dependent variable to the different independent variables were obtained that reproduce the experimental results for the dependent variables with errors less than 25% at temperatures, times, ethanol concentrations and numbers of PFI beating revolutions in the ranges 140–180°C, 60–120 min, 40–80% and 0–1750, respectively. Ensuring the optimal Shopper-Riegler index for the pulp (73.18°SR), and also the optimal breaking length (6276 m), stretch (2.57%) and burst index (3.72 kN/g) for the papers sheets, entails using a high temperature (180°C), a large number of PFI beating revolutions (1750) and medium-to-high ethanol concentration and time values; these conditions, however, decrease the tear index for the paper sheets below the optimum level (4.60 mNm2/g). A high temperature and a large number of PFI beating revolutions, in conjunction with a low ethanol concentration (60%) and a short time (60 min), can be used to save solvent and increase the production; the values thus obtained for the dependent variables differ by less than 30% from their optimum levels in the worst case. 相似文献
13.
《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(4):217-224
Abstract Considering ongoing global deforestation and the increased demand for raw materials in all wood-processing sectors it is necessary to seek and employ alternative resources. Agricultural residues are potential sources of alternative lignocellulose-based raw materials. Research on substitute materials for wood panel production mainly focused on physical and mechanical properties of boards while much remains to be learned about machining. Therefore, studies were carried out to analyse the relationship between ash and silica content and their impact on tool wear. Ash and silica contents of agricultural residues were determined following ISO 3340. Particle morphology and elemental composition of selected materials were analysed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Tool wear tests were carried out using particleboards made from wheat straw, canola straw and spruce. Analyses of various plant materials displayed no correlation between ash and silica content. Bio-mineralised silica structures in wheat and canola were different compared to coarse silica found in wood-based particleboard. Tool wear caused by these agricultural residues was just moderately increased compared to wood, despite the fact that their silica contents were many times higher. Furthermore, the impact of abrasive substances on wear behaviour was influenced by the density of the panels. 相似文献
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Summary In this work we characterized olive tree fellings, wheat straw, sunflower stalks, vine shoots and cotton plant stalks, as well as pulp and paper sheets obtained from them. Thus, we determined the 1% NaOH solubles, alcohol-benzene extractables, ash, holocellulose, lignin, -cellulose and pentosans in the aforementioned agricultural residues and their pulps, as well as the breaking length, stretch, burst index, tear index, porosity and water absorption of the resulting paper sheets, which were also subjected to the concora medium, concora crush and rings crush tests. Wheat straw and vine shoots were found to be the most and least suitable raw material, respectively, for paper production.The authors are grateful to the DGICyT for financial support of Project PB87 0820 相似文献
16.
以马尾松化学浆打浆度为响应值，应用Box-Behnken Design（响应面优化）对磨浆次数、磨浆浓度和盘磨间隙3个因素进行响应面分析，确定了磨浆的最佳工艺条件为：盘磨间隙30 um、磨浆次数2次、磨浆浓度8%。在此条件下，马尾松的打浆度可以达到45.2＆#176;SR，与预测值吻合。 相似文献