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1.
植物名称:洒金榕(Codiaeum variegatum)。材料类别:枝条。培养条件:(1)诱导侧芽生长用1/2MS+BA1.5mg/L(单位下同)+NAA0.2。(2)诱导丛生芽用1/2MS+BA2.0～2.5+NAA0.1。以上两种培养基均不加琼脂固化,采用液体静置培养,用塑料泡沫作培养材料支持物。(3)诱导根分化用1/2MS+NAA0.2～0.5作固体培养。培养基pH5.7±0.1,培养室温度26±2℃,光照强度1000～1500Lx,每天光照12小时。 相似文献
2.
植物名称:紫背万年青(Rhoeo discolor Hance),又名蚌花。材料类型:花茎。培养条件:(1) 诱导芽分化用MS+BA5mg/L(单位下同)+NAA0.5液体培养基(不加琼脂固化),培养材料以塑料泡沫作支持物。(2)诱导根分化用1/2MS+NAA0.5固体培养基。pH5.7±0.1,培养温度26±2℃,光照强度1000～1500Lx,每天光照12小时。生长与分化情况;1.诱导芽分化:切取带节花茎约1.0厘米长,经常规消毒后接种于(1)培养基中作静置培养,3天后侧芽开始生长,2～3周后,侧芽可长至1～2厘米高。此时 相似文献
3.
纹瓣兰作为一种野生的兰花资源有其重要的保护及保存意义,本试验以纹瓣兰的种子作为外植体对其进行无菌播种,并成功诱导出再生植株。试验结果表明,在添加椰子水和6-BA的1/2MS培养基中纹瓣兰的种子可以在较短的时间内形成原球茎,其中以添加6-BA 2.0mg/L+10%椰子水诱导效果最佳。添加6-BA 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L的1/2MS培养基最有利于纹瓣兰芽的分化,在分化培养50d时其分化率可达到100%,且芽生长健壮。当生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.1mg/L时,纹瓣兰的生根率达95%;生根培养30d后移栽,幼苗成活率达90%以上。 相似文献
4.
本试验研究了培养基成分对海蓬子愈伤组织诱导、继代培养、植株分化和生根的影响。结果表明:愈伤组织诱导的最适培养基是MS+Thidiazuron(TDZ)1.0mg/L+NAA1.0mg/L+蔗糖30.0g/L+琼脂7.0g/L;继代培养的最适培养基为MS+NAA1.0mg/L+TDZ0.1mg/L+蔗糖30.0g/L+Gelrite3.0g/L,愈伤组织快速生长;愈伤组织分化的培养基为MS+NAA1.0mg/L+TDZ0.1mg/L+BA2.0mg/L+蔗糖30.0g/L+琼脂7.0g/L+NaCl8g/L,愈伤组织分化频率可达62.2%。生根培养基中添加0.5mg/L的麦芽提取物(maltextract,ME)可显著增加每株的平均根数。NaCl促进海蓬子愈伤组织的分化,麦芽提取物可促进幼苗侧根的发生,但NaCl和麦芽提取物均不利于愈伤组织的诱导。本试验建立了较高频率的海蓬子愈伤组织诱导及植株再生体系。 相似文献
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6.
重金属在不同温度和光照下对骆驼蓬种子萌发特征的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
应用正交试验设计研究了不同浓度的Ni2+,Cu2+,Co2+和温度、光照组合下对骆驼蓬种子萌发特征的影响。结果表明,低浓度的Ni 2+,Cu2+,Co2+混合溶液有利于提高骆驼蓬的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数,高浓度则表现出明显抑制性;不管混合溶液中重金属离子浓度的高低,都会不同程度地影响骆驼蓬幼苗生长,但浓度较低时抑制不显著;在Ni 2+浓度5mg/L,Cu2+浓度800mg/L,Co2+浓度400mg/L,温度25℃,光照12h处理下骆驼蓬的种子萌发快,发芽率相对较高;在不同条件作用下,骆驼蓬幼苗生长的最佳条件是Ni 2+浓度100mg/L,Cu2+浓度100mg/L,Co2+浓度50mg/L,温度25℃,光照12h。 相似文献
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8.
芦荟的组织培养 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
程仕品 《广西农业生物科学》1990,(2)
植物名称:芦荟(Aloe spp.)。材料类别:幼苗或基部茎段。培养条件:基本培养基为MS培养基。 (1)诱导培养基:MS+6-BA2.5mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L。 (2)分化培养基:MS+6-BA2.0mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L。 (3)生根培养基:MS+NAA0.5～1.0mg/L。以上培养基中均附加食用白糖3％,琼脂0.8％,pH调至5.4～5.8,培养室温度为24～28℃,湿度为75％～85％,人工光照强度为800～1200lx,光照时间为12小时。已生根的小苗植入盛有蛭石(经过高压灭菌)的盆中,置于荫棚内生长。生长与分化情况:取芦荟高约2～3cm之幼苗(分蘖苗),留其长约0.5～0.8cm的基段 相似文献
9.
《农业研究与应用》2017,(5)
微型月季应用前景广泛,但因种苗繁殖受限,难以满足大规模生产需要。本试验主要探索诱导微型月季愈伤组织形成的适宜培养基,为进一步研究开发微型月季快繁技术提供数据参考和奠定基础。研究结果表明,以微型月季带腋芽茎段为外植体,在MS+2,4-D 3.0 mg/L+KT 1.0mg/L(p H5.8)中培养(温度25℃,光照1500~2500 Lx)培养基得到的愈伤组织不仅颜色浅黄且比较疏松易于下一步培养;MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L+6-BA 1.0 mg/L培养基愈伤组织诱导率也高达70%;因此,诱导微型月季愈伤组织形成的适宜培养基为MS+2,4-D 3.0 mg/L+KT 0.5 mg/L和MS+NAA0.2 mg/L+6-BA1.0 mg/L。 相似文献
10.
为了缩短兰州百合生长周期,提高百合品质,以兰州百合组培小鳞茎为材料,研究了大量元素、NAA、6-BA、培养基状态、蔗糖、2,4-D等单一因素对百合试管鳞茎形成和膨大的影响。结果表明,高浓度的大量元素有利于鳞茎的膨大,而不利于鳞茎的诱导;大量元素浓度为2MS时鳞茎平均直径最大,但新增鳞茎数下降到4.56个;NAA浓度为0.2 mg/L时新增鳞茎数最多且鳞茎平均直径最大;6-BA浓度为0.1 mg/L时最有利于鳞茎的形成和膨大,新增鳞茎数5.25个,鳞茎平均直径10.642 mm;固体培养基对鳞茎的形成效果明显,而半固体更有利于鳞茎的膨大;蔗糖浓度为90 g/L时新增鳞茎数最多,120 g/L时鳞茎平均直径最大;2,4-D浓度0.02 mg/L处理对鳞茎的形成和膨大效果更好。 相似文献
11.
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
13.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
14.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
15.
Grete Skrede Berit Karoline Martinsen Anne-Berit Wold Stein-Erik Birkeland Kjersti Aaby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):193-208
Abstract A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species. 相似文献
16.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7):865-877
Potassium (K) fixation and release in soil are important factors in the long-term sustainability of a cropping system. Changes in K concentration and characteristics of K fixation and release in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation were investigated using a rhizobox system. The concentrations of different forms of K in both rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils decreased with plants compared to without plants, regardless of K fertilizer application. Potassium uptake by crops mainly came from the rhizosphere soil. In the treatment without K fertilizer (–K), the main form of K supplied by the soil to the crops was 1.0 mol L?1 nitric acid (HNO3) nonextractable K, followed by nonexchangeable K, and then exchangeable K. In the treatment with K fertilizer (+K), the main K forms supplied by the soil to the crops were exchangeable K and nonexchangeable K. The amount and rate of K fixation after one cycle of the rapeseed–rice rotation was greater in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The amount and rate of K fixation of soil in the +K treatment were significantly less than in the –K treatment. The cumulative amounts of K released with 1.0 mol L?1 ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) and 1.0 mol L?1 HNO3 extraction increased with the increasing numbers of extractions, but the K-releasing power of soil by successive extraction decreased gradually and finally became almost constant. The release of K was less in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The release of K in the +K treatment was similar to that in the –K treatment in rhizosphere soil, but the K release in nonrhizosphere soil was greater with the +K than the –K treatment. Overall, the information obtained in this study will be helpful in formulating more precise K fertilizer recommendations for certain soils. 相似文献
17.
Electron donor and pH relationships for biologically enhanced dissolution of chlorinated solvent DNAPL in groundwater 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Biologically enhanced dissolution offers a method to speed removal of chlorinated solvent dense non-aqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) sources such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichoroethene (TCE) from aquifers. Bioremediation is accomplished by adding an electron donor to the source zone where fermentation to intermediates leading to acetic acid and hydrogen results. The hydrogen and possibly acetic acid are used by dehalogenating bacteria to convert PCE and TCE to ethene and hydrochloric acid. Reductive dehalogenation is thus an acid forming process, and sufficient alkalinity must be present to maintain a near neutral pH. The bicarbonate alkalinity required to maintain pH above 6.5 is a function of the electron donor: 800 mg/L of bicarbonate alkalinity is sufficient to achieve about 1.2 mM TCE dechlorination with glucose, 1.7 mM with lactate, and a much higher 3.3 mM with formate. Laboratory studies indicate that in mixed culture, formate can be used as an electron donor for complete conversion to ethene, contrary to pure cultures studies indicating it cannot. Various strategies can be used to add electron donor to an aquifer for DNAPL dehalogenation while minimizing pH problems and excessive electron donor usage, including use of injection-extraction wells, dual recirculation wells, and nested injection-extraction wells. 相似文献
18.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
19.
Y. Bashan J. J. Bustillos L. A. Leyva J.-P. Hernandez M. Bacilio 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2006,42(4):279-285
Inoculation of wheat seedlings with the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense Cd was immobilized in alginate microbeads and, without applying any stress, significantly increased the quantity of several
photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the auxiliary photoprotective pigments violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, antheroxanthin, lutein, neoxanthin, and β-carotene.
This resulted in greener plants with no apparent visible stress. After monitoring the quantity of photosynthetic pigments
for 4 weeks, we observed that inoculated plants had higher quantities of pigments in shoot and stem. The greatest difference
in the quantity of all pigments between inoculated and noninoculated plants occurred in the first week of growth. Regardless
of treatment, the quantity of pigments in stems was three to four times less than the quantity of these pigments in shoots.
Application of Azospirillum, either as liquid inoculant or as alginate microbeads, did not alter the positive effect of the bacteria on pigment production
or the positive response of the plants towards A. brasilense Cd inoculation. 相似文献
20.
Three slow-growing legume trees used for desert reforestation and urban gardening in the Sonoran Desert of Northwestern Mexico
and the Southwestern USA were evaluated whether their growth can be promoted by inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria
(Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus pumilus), unidentified arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (mainly Glomus sp.), and supplementation with common compost under regular screenhouse cultivation common to these trees in nurseries. Mesquite
amargo (Prosopis articulata) and yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla) had different positive responses to several of the parameters tested while blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida) did not respond. Survival of all tree species was over 80% and survival of mesquite was almost 100% after 10 months of cultivation.
Inoculation with growth-promoting microorganisms induced significant effects on the leaf gas exchange of these trees, measured
as transpiration and diffusive resistance, when these trees were cultivated without water restrictions. 相似文献